Smart Cities: Boon or Bane for Overcrowded Urban India?

The intent of the paper is to analyze major factors that influence making of a smart city. In today's' global networking scenario where everything thing is technology driven importance of Information and communication technology (ICT) cannot be undermined. They offer swift and real time information and are easily accessible. However, can the cities be labeled as smart just by improvising ICTS or there might be other parameters involved in making a city truly smart. The paper henceforth explores such possibilities of making a city smart by taking case studies of known cities/ neighborhoods that have optimized these standards for success. People participation in using these technologies and the user experience is one of the important considerations so that they are ready to experience a livable smart and organized city. Smart governance, smart planning, smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment and smart living are also the main highlights of the paper on which the case studies are based to analyze smart cities and provide important basis to emphasize if the proposed 100 smart cites in India can really rise-up to the level of smart city parameters and tell a success story. Is it only the ICTs that are responsible for making a city smart or a holistic approach is required? Are we smart enough to embrace a smart city? .

International Journal of Civic Engagement and Social Change, 2016

India is on the path of developing its smart cities at a faster pace in near future. But what constitutes a smart city and what is purpose of this focus remains to be explored. Through in depth literature review and grounded approach this paper, appraises the genesis of smart city to develop a better understanding of urban problems. It explores how smart cities intend to relate the infrastructure, operational functioning, planning through management, control and optimization to ensure equity, fairness for realizing better quality of city life. The paper also attempts to review how informed participation creates shared knowledge for democratic governance. Anticipated paradigm shifts that will occur in this area of research and the expected impacts in developing and planning smart cities in general and in particular the steps being taken in India in development of smart cities is delved into.

Rapid urbanization is a global phenomenon. With this rapid urbanization comes the increased demand for resources such as energy, water and sanitation along with services such as education and healthcare. This emphasizes the necessity to use the resource efficiently or in a 'smart way' and the need to develop 'smart' cities to meet the need of city residents. Responding to these needs, the government of india applies smart cities mission to select 100 smart cities. A smart city can contribute towards improved governance and efficient management of infrastructure such as water, energy, transportation and housing and to a higher quality of life. The purpose of this paper to analyze urban challenges and need to smart city development through india's smart initiatives for urban reconstruction & rejuvenation. The study based on purely secondary sources of data. Researches proved that in india rapid and unplanned urban growth has threaten the future of city people, in that situation smart city initiatives is one of the major step of the government. But it should be remembered that the smart cities model and plan execute in a proper way.

Scholedge International Journal of Business Policy & Governance ISSN 2394-3351

After coming to power in 2014 Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government announced the ambitious programme of building 100 smart cities in India. The idea behind is to rejuvenate the ailing urban system, improve urban infrastructure, quality of life and achieve sustainable and inclusive development besides other things. Tremendous demographic pressure, inadequate infrastructure and resources to cater to the population which runs in billions, unplanned growth of the peri-urban sprawls characterize India's urban environment. Socioeconomic imperatives are the key factors behind the rapid urbanization in India. Livelihood, security and prosperity are some prime movers. Ironically, cities, which on the one hand are considered the growth engines of economy, also attract poverty (socio-economically marginalized population) in large proportion. Consequently posh urban sprawls in Indian cities exist amidst impoverished habitats called slums where the poor inhabitants are condemned to live in subhuman condition. Reconciling growing affluence and abject poverty in cities is a difficult task too. In the backdrop of India's urban challenges this paper seeks to examine some critical issues associated with the development of smart cities to understand: Will smart cities serve India's aspiration or fulfill its urban needs? Can it address the contemporary and future needs of India's urbanization? How will it ensure the participation of the urban stakeholders? How will it ensure social inclusion and finally, whether India needs smart cities or smart urban solutions for sustainable development?

IJERA, 2017

Smart city is an emerging concept. This concept is being used all over the world with different nomenclatures context & meanings. A smart city is a city that is well planned, and it provides the cost efficient services, environmental efficiency, and technological sound services for the welfare of the citizens. Smart solutions can be helpful in controlling the ever increasing population in the cities. The Smart Cities can be abbreviated as Sustainable Management Action Resource Tools for Cities. Smart cities is the latest concept when it comes to building the cities of the future. Smart cities are expected to be the key to combining sustainable future with continued economic growth and job creation. This paper emphasizing a review on "Creation and Development of Smart City in India." based on some scholastically reviewed research articles and online databases.

This paper explained the concept of smart city in view of different meaning and it perception according to India Government. It critically examined the possible consequences of smart cities projects in developing country like in India, which seem to a theoretical approach. In the paper insight; it also described the various issues facing India cities which include: urban slum, urban sprawl, unemployment, electricity, water supply, overcrowding and congestion and further, explained that, Smart cities remain a key justification for a controversial land-acquisition ordinance, the government is aiming to enact, which does away with mandatory consent and social safeguards for those whose lands are forcibly acquired. In an attempt to assess its application in developing world where poverty is increasing at increasing rate of population and unemployment and the economic system of capitalism champion all public and private business concern. The following question deserve answer; who, what and How? The paper also takes into cognizance and point that, public participation is a pre-requisite for sustainable development. It highlight that, Indians issues need to be checked in the first instance; urban poverty, social vices, and other basic urban needs which becomes problematic to the urban poor; are the basis for smart growth and sustainable development.

“Cities in the 21st century will account for nearly 90% of global population growth, 80% of wealth creation, and 60% of total energy consumption. It is a global imperative to develop systems that improve the livability of cities while dramatically reducing resource consumption.” - Massachusetts Institute of Technology Urbanization in India has historically been viewed as a by-product of failed regional planning. It is only now that it is being realized that it is inevitable. However, the policy and practice surrounding urbanization will only change when the benefits of urbanization overtake the costs involved, it is an opportunity for achieving faster growth. Indian cities will grow faster than those of any other country in the coming years. By 2050, India will add over 400 million urban inhabitants, while China will see an increase of 290 million inhabitants over the same period.8 By 2030, seven Indian cities will have a population of over 10 million; in 2011, only Mumbai and Delhi had populations over 10 million. This amounts to a 37% increase in India’s urban population. Cities will generate over 70% of the GDP and 70% of new jobs by 2030, driving a four-fold growth in per capita incomes nationwide. Indian cities are projected to require 700-900 million square meters of new commercial and residential space by 2030, or the size of a new Chicago every year.9 Overall, 2.5 million square meters of roads and 7,400 kilometers of metros and subways must be added to India’s urban expanses. This is 20 times the capacity that has been added over the last decade.

Cities are engines of economic growths, especially for a vast and developing country like India. As per the Census 2011, nearly 31 % of Indian population lives in urban areas and contributes 63 % of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As the population India's shifts to urban territories, policymakers are pressed for answers to overcrowding, pollution, budget limitations, aging infrastructure, resource constraints and the requirement for continuing growth. India has recently committed to the development and construction of 100 Smart Cities to meet the demands of its rapidly growing and urbanizing population. This effort will include construction of new municipalities and renovation of existing cities as the rural population shifts into urban areas. Smart city concept can be used for transforming any city into a smart city. Smart cities have various overwhelming advantages & it a win –win situation for both, government & the citizens. Smart solutions can be helpful in controlling the ever increasing population in the cities. This paper focuses on the concept of Greater Warangal smart city on water, waste water, solid waste management, Health care, Transport as the Government of India launched the smart city project for developing 100 smart cities (now 98 smart cities) in the country and also concentrates on the challenges as well as the key areas for development of smart cities in India along with the case study of Greater Warangal smart city in Telangana State..

Cities are engines of growth for the economy of every nation, including India. Nearly 31% of India's current population lives in urban areas and contributes 63% of India's GDP (Census 2011). With increasing urbanization, urban areas are expected to house 40% of India's population and contribute 75% of India's GDP by 2030. This requires comprehensive development of physical, institutional, social and economic infrastructure. All are important in improving the quality of life and attracting people and investments to the City, setting in motion a virtuous cycle of growth and development. Development of Smart Cities is a step in that direction. In the approach to the Smart Cities Mission, the objective is to promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and application of 'Smart' Solutions. The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact areas, create a replicable model which will act like a light house to other aspiring cities.