Optical interconnection of core and metro networks

IEEE Network, 2000

The long list of benefits (especially cost and capacity) of Ethernet LANs has made the IEEE, the ITU-T and the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) define the requirements for taking Ethernet beyond the local area, towards the metropolitan region. In addition, the ever-increasing traffic demands of new applications and users can only be met by the huge bandwidth capacity provided by optical fibres.

IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2004

This paper presents Ring Optical Network (RingO), a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM), ring-based, optical packet network suitable for a high-capacity metro environment. We present three alternative architectural designs and elaborate on the effectiveness of optic with respect to electronic technologies, trying to identify an optimal mix. We present the design and prototyping of a simple but efficient access control protocol, based upon the equivalence of the proposed network architecture with input-buffering packet switches. We discuss the problem of node allocation to WDM channels, which can be viewed as a particular optical network design problem. We, finally, briefly illustrate the fault protection properties of the RingO architecture.

2011

A new optical access network, named "Scalable Advanced Ring-based passive Dense Access Network Architecture" (SARDANA), is presented. It transparently integrates WDM metro and TDM PON access technologies, implementing ring protection, 100 km reach and up to 1024 users served at 10 Gb/s, with passive highly-shared infrastructure. The introduced innovations are hybrid ring/tree WDM/TDM Passive Optical Network (PON) architecture; a resilient remote node (RN), which is distantly pumped from the Optical Line Terminal (OLT); and a reflective ONU (Optical Network Unit); as well as an enhanced Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol.

… , 2008. ICTON 2008 …, 2008

A novel switch concept is introduced that offers transparent optical grooming of 10 and 40 Gb/s traffic in an access network onto a metro core ring network operated at 130 Gb/s traffic. Key functionalities of the router are the traffic aggregation with time-slot interchanging (TSI) functionality, the TDM to WDM demultiplexing of the high-speed channel into lower bit-rate tributaries as well as multi-wavelength all-optical 2R regeneration of several highest-speed signals.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2014

Metro networks support increasing traffic volumes and evolving traffic profiles. Revisiting metro networks architecture, this paper shows that both optical transparency and sub-wavelength granularity can be achieved, while still ensuring transport network QoS levels.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2011, 2011

We present and evaluate opportunities and challenges for packet optical transport of residential and business data services from access to core networks. Presented solutions are evaluated based on sample case studies.

Optical Metro Networks and Short-Haul Systems II, 2010

Fueled by the steady traffic increase in access and enterprise networks, optical metro networks represent a major growth opportunity for system vendors and component manufacturers. This paper reviews new developments from a technical and economic point of view. Topics such as network and node architectures, high-speed transmission, integrated optical/electronic switching as well as management and control will be discussed.

IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2007

A new all-optical access-metro network interface based on optical burst switching (OBS) is proposed. A hybrid wavelength-division multiplexing/time-division multiplexing (WDM/TDM) access architecture with reflective optical network units (ONUs), an arrayed-waveguide-grating outside plant, and a tunable laser stack at the optical line terminal (OLT) is presented as a solution for the passive optical network. By means of OBS and a dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) protocol, which polls the ONUs, the available access bandwidth is managed. All the network intelligence and costly equipment is located at the OLT, where the DBA module is centrally implemented, providing quality of service (QoS). To scale this access network, an optical cross connect (OXC) is then used to attain a large number of ONUs by the same OLT. The hybrid WDM/TDM structure is also extended toward the metropolitan area network (MAN) by introducing the concept of OBS multiplexer (OBS-M). The network element OBS-M bridges the MAN and access networks by offering all-optical cross connection, wavelength conversion, and data signaling. The proposed innovative OBS-M node yields a full optical data network, interfacing access and metro with a geographically distributed access control. The resulting novel access-metro architectures are nonblocking and, with an improved signaling, provide QoS, scalability, and very low latency. Finally, numerical analysis and simulations demonstrate the traffic performance of the proposed access scheme and all-optical access-metro interface and architectures. Index Terms-Dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA), metropolitan area network (MAN), optical burst switching (OBS), passive optical networks (PONs), quality of service (QoS). L ARGE OPTICAL networks are typically partitioned into three subnetworks: core or backbone networks (intercity), metropolitan area networks (MANs) (intracity), and local access networks, which form the last portion of the telecommunications network that runs the services to the home or business. The technologies for core, metro, and access subnetworks will provide rapid provisioning of connections within each subnetwork . However, it is essential that the core, metro, and access subnetworks are able to interwork if we are to realize the fast provisioning potential of these subnetworks since a large part of the anticipated connections will need to traverse both core and metro subnetworks and finally reach the access. This requires signaling and routing information exchange between the different subnetworks. The interworking, particularly, the Manuscript

Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2004

In this paper, the authors propose a next-generation hybrid WDM/TDM optical access network architecture called Stanford University aCCESS or SUCCESS. This architecture provides practical migration steps from current-generation time-division multiplexing (TDM)-passive optical network (PONs) to future WDM optical access networks. The architecture is backward compatible for users on existing TDM-PONs, while simultaneously capable of providing upgraded high-bandwidth services to new users on DWDM-PONs through advanced WDM techniques. The SUCCESS architecture is based on a collector ring and several distribution stars connecting the CO and the users. A semipassive configuration of the Remote Nodes (RNs) enables protection and restoration, making the network resilient to power failures. A novel design of the OLT and DWDM-PON ONUs minimizes the system cost considerably: 1) tunable lasers and receivers at the OLT are shared by all ONUs on the network to reduce the transceiver count and 2) the fast tunable lasers not only generate downstream data traffic but also provide DWDM-PON ONUs with optical CW bursts for their upstream data transmission. Results from an experimental system testbed support the feasibility of the proposed SUCCESS architecture. Also, simulation results of the first SUCCESS DWDM-PON MAC protocol verify that it can efficiently provide bidirectional transmission between the OLT and ONUs over multiple wavelengths with a small number of tunable transmitters and receivers. Index Terms-Access networks, bidirectional transmission, media access control protocol, passive optical networks, time-division multiplexing (TDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). I. INTRODUCTION E MERGING applications, such as video-on-demand, High Definition TV (HDTV), digital cinema, tele-presence, and high-quality audio transmission demand high-throughput optical access networks with stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. Nevertheless, the infrastructure of current access networks suffers from limited bandwidth and high network management cost, which obstructs the network from delivering integrated services to end users. Thanks to the maturity of optical components and electronic circuits, optical fiber links Manuscript