REVIEW OF THE MUTILLID WASPS (HYMENOPTERA, MUTILLIDAE) OF KOREA

Tropics, 1996

Thirty eight species belonging to 12 mutillid genera are recorded from Borneo and neighbouring islands. Yamanetilla gen. novo (type species: OdontomutiIla nipponica Tsuneki), Petersenidia dayak sp. novo from Sarawak, Sinotilla lambirensis sp. novo from Sarawak, Smicromyrme bomeo sp. novo from Sabah, Andreimyrme sarawakensis sp. novo from Sarawak and hitherto unknown female of Trogaspidia cydippe (Mickel) are described. The genus Radoszkowskius Ashmead (type species: Mutilla simplicifascia Sichel et Radoszkowski) is resurrected in the tribe Trogaspidiini. Key Words: Hymenoptera J mutillid wasps J new genus J new species J Borneo J Malaysia J Indonesia

2015

The family of Mutillidae includes 776 taxa among species and subspecies recorded for 311 islands worldwide, whose distribution is provided in the present checklist. A brief review of some traits that characterize the insular faunas of these hymenopteran parasitoids is given. The main constraints to the dispersal on islands are due to the apterogyny and the occurrence of suitable hosts. Species richness is generally correlated with island size. Although probably still underestimated, the greatest number of species is found on Sri Lanka (82), Borneo (77), Madagascar (70) and Taiwan (61). Endemics are more than half (55%) of the whole insular mutillids and are found mostly in the oceanic islands and in those that have undergone to a long-time isolation. On the contrary, endemic genera are represented only on few islands (Madagascar, Sri Lanka and, secondarily, New Guinea, Sulawesi and Canary).

Twenty-two species in thirteen genera of Mutillidae and two species in one genus of Bradynobaenidae from Iran are recorded. Three new species: Dentilla osteni sp. n., Smicromyrme standfussorum sp. n. and Trogaspidia tobiasi sp. n. are described and figured. The genus Eotrogaspidia Lelej and six species: Eotrogaspidia dives (Smith), Ephutomma angustata (Skorikov), Physetopoda portschinskii (Radoszkowski), Smicromyrme minuta Lelej, Neotrogaspidia hammeri (Suárez), and Macroocula sinaica (Invrea) are firstly recorded for Iran. New synonymy is proposed: Eotrogaspidia dives (Smith, 1855) (comb. n.) = Mutilla fumipennis Bingham, 1897 (syn. n.) = Mutilla adscripta Nurse, 1903 (syn. n.). New combinations are proposed: Smicromyrme kermanensis (Lelej, 1984) (comb. n.) and Trogaspidia villosa (Fabricius, 1775) (comb. n.).

2012

Figs. 7–14. 7 – Fore wing of Dentilla purcharti sp. nov. (holotype). Scale bar = 1 mm. 8–10 – Genitalia of D. purcharti sp. nov. (holotype) in dorsal, lateral and ventral view. Scale bar = 200 μm. 11 – Mandibles of D. ehrenbergi Lelej, 2006 (paratype). Scale bar = 200 μm. 12 – Mandibles of D. purcharti sp. nov. (paratype from Wadi Da'arho). Scale bar = 200 μm. 13 – Pygidial plate of D. arabica (Hammer, 1962). Scale bar = 200 μm. 14 – Pygidial plate of D. socotrana sp. nov. (holotype). Scale bar = 200 μm.

2012

The present paper provides new data on the mutillid fauna of the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen). The genera Myrmilla Wesmael, 1851, Strangulotilla , Macromyrme Lelej, 1984, and Dentilla Lelej, 1980 are recorded for the fi rst time. Four new species are described: Strangulotilla dioscoridea sp. nov., Macromyrme bezdeki sp. nov., Dentilla purcharti sp. nov., and Dentilla socotrana sp. nov. On the whole, seven specifi c taxa have been listed for Socotra Island, two of which inhabit also Samha Island. The archipelago harbours mainly Ethiopian, but also some Palaearctic elements, confi rming its signifi cance as crossroad of these biogeographical realms.

Phylogenetic analysis of fifteen higher taxa (subfamilies and tribes) with hypothetical ancestor as outgroup reveal the relationships: Ancestor + [Myrmosinae + (Kudakrumiinae + {Pseudophotopsidinae + (Ticoplinae + [{Rhopalomutillinae + [(Ephutinae + Dasylabrinae) + Sphaeropthalminae]} + (Myrmillinae + Mutillinae)])})]. A tree generated from fifteen higher taxa and hypothetical ancestor based on 71 "best" from 89 analysed characters by PAUP yielded a length of 196 steps, CI of 0.62, RI of 0.81 and HI of 0.38. The family Mutillidae divided into ten subfamilies. The morphological evolution of Mutillidae related with loss of freely articulated pronotum and formation of mesosomal lorica in female, reduction of eye pubescense, moving of venation to the wing base, formation of RS 2 vein in forewing, strength of hamuli system of wings, formation and complication of metasomal felt lines in both sexes, shorten of gastral sternum 7 in male. Among the family the lower mutillids (Myrmosinae, Kudakrumiinae, Pseudophotopsidinae, Ticoplinae) and higher mutillids with two branches [(Myrmillinae + Mutillinae) + (Rhopalomutillinae + Dasylabrinae + Ephutinae + Sphaeropthalminae)] are separated. The classification of 224 described genera and subgenera in subfamilies and tribes is given. New classification of Ephutinae (Odontomutillini + Ephutini) and Mutillinae (Mutillini + Trogaspidiini + Petersenidiini, stat. n. + Smicromyrmini) is proposed. 1 KEY WORDS: Mutillid wasps, phylogeny, evolution, classification. А.С. Лелей, П.Г. Немков. Филогения, эволюция и классификация ос семейства Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) // Дальневосточный энтомолог. 1997. N 46. С. 1-24. В результате филогенетического анализа 15 высших таксонов (подсемейств и триб) и гипотетического предка, как внешней группы, выявлены следующие родственные отношения: предок + [Myrmosinae + (Kudakrumiinae + {Pseudophotopsidinae + (Ticoplinae + [{Rhopalomutillinae + [(Ephutinae + Dasylabrinae) + Sphaeropthalminae]} + (Myrmillinae + Mutillinae)])})]. Для 15 высших таксонов и гипотетического предка с помощью программы PAUP построено филогенетическое древо, основанное на 71 наиболее важном признаке из 89 проанализированных (длина = 196 шагов, CI = 0.62, RI = 0.81, HI = 0.38).