Eucalypts clonal culture in India

The present study documents field performance of 21 commercially grown clones (BCM 7, 4 and unnamed one belonging to different Eucalyptus species including a seedling population of locally collected Eucalyptus hybrid as control). Clones were evaluated for their growth and susceptibility to three biotic agents viz. Leptocybe invasa causing gall induction, Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum causing leaf blight and Botryosphaeria spp. causing stem canker. Clones were planted in a randomized block design with five replications and five trees in each replication. Wheat was grown as intercrop in field during first and second winter seasons; however, no intercrop was grown during summer seasons. The results indicate significant variation for height, DBH, clear bole length, crown diameter among the tested clones. Ratings of individual clones for growth index (GI), susceptibility index (SI), and composite growth and susceptibility index (GSI) for gall, leaf blight and stem canker also showed significant variation among clones. GSI indicated that clones Wimco 12, BCM 526 and BCM 316 were superior over other clones. The results also confirm the superiority of clone Wimco 12 of E. grandis over many of the existing commercially grown clones of E. tereticornis and E. camaldulensis.

Eucalypts in Asia, 2003

Compendium of Transgenic Crop Plants, 2009

Silvae Genetica, 2008

Forest Ecology and Management, 2013

Organized forestry in Brazil began in the late 1960s, stimulated by a government policy which subsidized afforestation programs from 1967 to 1989 to develop an internationally-competitive wood-based industry, managed by the private sector. Currently, planted forests in Brazil total about 6.9 million ha, from which 4.9 million ha is planted with eucalypt (around 25% of world plantation), 1.6 million ha with pine, and 0.42 M ha with other species. Roundwood consumption of forest plantations totaled 170.1 million m 3 in 2011, eucalypt plantation accounted for 80.6% of this total.

2004

DNA fingerprinting is a straightforward approach for identifying variations at a locus. The term DNA-fingerprinting was introduced for the first time by Alec Jeffrey2 in 1985 to describe bar-code-like DNA fragment patterns generated by multilocus probes after electrophoretic separation of genomic DNA fragments. The emerging patterns make up an unique feature of the analyzed individual and are currently considered to be the ultimate tool for biological individualization. Recently, the term DNA fingerprinting/profiling is used to describe the combined use of several single locus detection systems and are being used as versatile tools for investigating various aspects of plant genomes. This technique used to detect the Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum which infects Eucalyptus species, based on DNA based markers such as RAPD, PCR-RFLP, ITS. Eucalyptus is grown in many parts of the country it has become commercially very important as raw material for the pulp, paper and plywood industries of northern India. Some Eucalyptus species have attracted attention from global development researchers and environmentalists. Such species have desirable traits such as being fast-growing sources of wood, producing oil that can be used for cleaning and functions as a natural insecticide.

Genome Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Plants, 2007

The Mycosphaerella complex accommodates thousands of taxa. Many of these species are economically important plant pathogens, notably on native and commercially propagated Eucalyptus species where they cause a wide range of disease symptoms including leaf spot, leaf blotch, shoot blight and stem cankers. Some of these diseases represent major impediments to sustainable Eucalyptus forestry in several countries where infection by Mycosphaerella and Teratosphaeria species can result in reduction of wood volume and in severe cases tree death. Extensive research has been conducted on these disease complexes over the past 40 years. The incorporation of DNA-based molecular techniques has made it possible to define and to better understand the differences between the Mycosphaerella and Teratosphaeria species occurring on Eucalyptus. These studies have also enabled refinement of anamorph and teleomorph generic concepts for the genera and thus facilitated the more accurate identification of species. They have also promoted a more lucid understanding of the biology, life cycles, population biology and epidemiology of the most important pathogens in the group.