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This paper presents a comprehensive list of common terminology and abbreviations used in biblical studies, including key concepts such as Heilsgeschichte, Henotheism, Monolatry, Monotheism, and others. Each term is defined with its historical and theological significance, providing clarity for scholars and students alike.
Jewish women in europe in the middle ages, 2020
"This Old Testament glossary supplements the existing New Testament glossary in Translator's Workplace, compiled by Katharine Barnwell, Paul Dancy, and Anthony Pope. A translator should not be 'translating' glossary notes in the same way that he does the Biblical text, but he should be finding his own creative ways to explain the word. Note that glossary entries will be different for each particular language, depending on the way each idea has been translated in the text and on the culture of that language area. For example, if some local cultural feature has the same function as in the ancient Jewish culture, no glossary entry is needed. Similarly, if some unknown idea has been successfully translated in a fully meaningful way in the text, a glossary entry is not needed. Therefore this selection of entries is a 'best-guess' of what is needed in Eurasia (primarily). It will not work equally well for all parts of the world. Translators and exegetical advisers should start adding entries as soon as the project starts. At the very least they need to add in headwords that don't appear in this list with a rationale (reason for doing so). NB! When a complete Bible is published, cross-references to the relevant Old Testament passages could replace some of these entries. Religious Festivals. The many Jewish feast days mentioned in the New Testament can be described in the glossary. (Or in a table?) Some terms have been gathered together into one entry - Festivals, Sacrifices. This makes for much more interesting reading for those who simply read through the glossary out of interest. Not many names have been included, only those that need an entry such as Abraham/Abram. Weights and measures - are best put in a table, or one for weights, and another for volume measurements."
This work will lay stress on the religion as a linguistic enterprise, and that language is a principal tool for understanding a religion, in this case Islam. The relationship between Islam and Arabic leads us to the relationship between English and Islam. There is some distortion through transliteration and spelling of Arabic words, and distortion through translation of Arabic terms, so there is a need of standardization. Key words: religious language, Islam, Arabic, Islamic English, loanwords, translation, distortion
Studies in the Formation of Medieval Hebrew Philosophical Terminology, 2019
Scholarly interest in the lexicographical documentation, historical analysis, and philosophical interpretation of Hebrew philosophical and scientific terminology is probably almost as old as the production of Hebrew philosophical and scientific literature itself.1 Questions connected to the creation, development, and interpretation of Hebrew terminology haunted Jewish thinkers and writers throughout the ages and led to the composition of the glossaries and philosophical dictionaries to be discussed later in this chapter.2 Other Hebrew authors and translators explained and justified their choice of words and their methods in the creation of philosophical and scientific terms in prefaces to their works. Modern research since the heyday of the Wissenschaft des Judentums in the nineteenth century has equally paid considerable attention to the development of Hebrew terminology in philosophy and the sciences. Following on from Jacob Goldenthal's pioneering study of a "comparative rabbinicphilosophical dictionary,"3 scholars such as Israel Efros4 and Abraham 1 This chapter intends to be both an introduction to the present volume of conference papers from the PESHAT in Context conference held in Hamburg on April 4-6, 2016, and a historical and methodological introduction to the study of pre-modern philosophical and scientific terminology carried out by the PESHAT in Context DFG research project conducted by Giuseppe Veltri (Hamburg), Reimund Leicht (Jerusalem), and Resianne Fontaine (Amsterdam). Many of the ideas developed in this chapter now find their expression in the research carried out in that project. We owe our gratitude to the participants of this conference for their stimulating contributions, which also influenced the present paper. Resianne Fontaine kindly read and commented upon an earlier draft of this chapter. 2 On these dictionaries, see section 4 below. 3 Jacob Goldenthal, Grundzüge und Beiträge zu einem sprachvergleichenden rabbinischphilosophischen Wörterbuche (Vienna, 1849).
2025
This is one of the key terms that must be understood to properly exegete the book of Ecclesiastes.
2023
The paper dwells on Latvian terminology of the 21 st century. It is coined mostly on the basis of English counterparts. There are many sources of this new terminology: Latvian branch and domain experts, professional EU institutions' Brussels and Luxembourg based translators and terminologists, professional Latvia based translators and terminologists. But numerous terms are coined by random translators, journalists, media representatives, tradespeople, e. g. small shop owners, car dealers, etc. Finally, numerous new nonce terms are coined on the spur of the moment by interpreters, some of which are picked up by their audience and thus gain currency. This leads to a very chaotic terminology scene: often one English term has many established Latvian counterparts (available in official databases), while some terms have none and the English term is used in a grammatically changed or even unchanged form. Still other terms have 'established' Latvian counterparts in the shape of overextended definitions. These terms often breach basic principles of term-formation and contribute to terminological chaos, ambiguity and legal uncertainty. It also makes the work of lexicographers most complicated: dictionaries and databases could standardize terminology, but the descriptive approach to lexicography presumes reflecting lexis that is being used. A ray of hope can be seen in a gradual acceptance of metaphorical terminology.
The Bible Translator, 2017
When we render terms for sacrifices and festivals in the Old Testament, it is helpful to look at the very different ways in which translations have dealt with these groups of terms and see which of their translation methods are the most helpful for our own translation and its specific readership. This article considers renderings in the new Tatar translation of 2015 and translations in some major European languages. Translations have often not been consistent as to which translation method has been followed in this area, but it seems advisable to render sacrificial and festival terms succinctly and according to a translation method that is applied consistently and is considered to be the most suitable for the intended audience, so as to show the contrasts between these terms. The article closes with some thoughts on whether some of these methods are more accurate than others and what we mean by accuracy.
2019
of the Old Testament, with an Appendix containing the Biblical Aramaic, based on the Lexicon of William Gesenius as translated by Edward Robinson (Repr., Oxford 1978). BK Y. Brand, Klei ha-Ḥeres be-Sifrut ha-Talmud (Ceramics in Talmudic Literature) (Jerusalem 1953). BM E. Ben Yehuda, Millon ha-Lashon ha-Ivrit: Thesaurus Totius Hebraitatis et Veteris et Recentioris, 17 vols. (Repr.
Theoretical Perspectives on Terminology
The aim of Cultural Terminology is not the international harmonization of multilingual terminologies but the appropriation of knowledge and know-how by a specific speaker community rooted in its culture. Cultural Terminology puts the human being at the center of the terminological process. The human being, both as an individual and a community, is a cultural being who constantly creates culture through a mechanism of appropriation of the new as they learn and explore their environment. An in-depth analysis of this mechanism reveals the concept as an idealized mental representation, culturally motivated in its perception. Each concept can be perceived from several viewpoints called percepts. A precise methodology is outlined for terminology works and finally some examples of application are mentioned.
De Medio Aevo, 2021
In researching medieval manuscripts, scholars depend on complex terminologies. Unfortunately, these sets of descriptive terms, often themselves far from consistent, do not lend themselves to interdisciplinary collaboration and prove surprisingly difficult to translate. In this paper, an Italian codicologist and a German art historian, both of whom have contributed terminological works to their disciplines, discuss the problem of terminology translation across disciplines and languages, offering several examples of ambiguous cases, and proposing perspectives for future terminological endeavours.
2020
This volume contains studies based on papers delivered at the international conference of the PESHAT in Context project entitled “Themes, Terminology, and Translation Procedures in Twelfth-Century Jewish Philosophy.” The central figure in this book is Judah Ibn Tibbon. He sired the Ibn Tibbon family of translators, which influenced philosophical and scientific Hebrew writing for centuries. More broadly, the study of this early phase of the Hebrew translation movement also reveals that the formation of a standardized Hebrew terminology was a long process that was never fully completed. Terminological shifts are frequent even within the Tibbonide family, to say nothing of the fascinating terminological diversity displayed by other authors and translators discussed in this book
A glossary of terms useful to know when undertaking New Testament textual criticism, with many links to additional resources. (Word document, 9 pages)
Some years ago, the Key terms of Biblical Hebrew project was started with the goal of developing a resource for translators. In the meantime, more and more translators are learning Biblical Hebrew and yet there are few resources to help them apply their knowledge of Hebrew to Bible translation. The problem is especially acute for non-Anglophone translators. Further, the efforts that have been made are exceedingly understaffed. This paper presents a proposal to combine training in Hebrew semantics and translation with a program for producing resources for key terms in various languages. I will share my beginning efforts in the francophone setting, as well as a bit of the excitement of translators as they present their discoveries before their colleagues. I will conclude with a call to mobilize especially translators and consultants to contribute to the development of resources for others.
Greek Scripture and the Rabbis, in T. M.Law and A. Salvesen eds. , Leuven , 2012
The introduction is devoted to a detailed list of biblical translations and glossaries of Judeo-Greek known today from the main collections and libraries in the world. This list provides evidence of the lack of Judeo-Greek translation texts and the existence of a large number of glossaries and commentaries related to such translations. The answer to this question lies in the different manners of transmission of the biblical translations in the study centers and the Sabbath synagogue liturgy. The second part of the article will be devoted to the rabbinical rules of biblical translations in the synagogue, from which developed a tradition of oral transmission of the text. The article will conclude with the presentation of JTS glossary which reveals the main source for the publish Constantinople Pentateuch (1547).
2016
In the dynamics of environmental context, the referent of a linguistic sign changes, but the sign persists as a verbal symbol. Since a technical term strictly evokes one referent, it may lack in specificity due to the ever-changing reality, resulting in homonymy, overlap, and a semantic continuum based on designating by necessity. In addition to the elements of reference theory, the criteria for technical terms postulate the user, whose authority and responsibility are necessary for the term to function as a specific designator. The centrality of the user, translator or otherwise, has hermeneutic and linguistic implications for the evolution of terminology, because it stipulates that terminological meaning and usage are dependent on the user's conscious knowledge, a condition that leads to the recognition of a user epistemic continuum parallel to the semantic necessity continuum. Ideally, a term should be universally specific in reference, and its user should be epistemologicall...
Abstract: In the dynamics of environmental context, the referent of a linguistic sign changes, but the sign persists as a verbal symbol. Since a technical term strictly evokes one referent, it may lack in specificity due to the ever-changing reality, resulting in homonymy, overlap, and a semantic continuum based on designating by necessity. In addition to the elements of reference theory, the criteria for technical terms postulate the user, whose authority and responsibility are necessary for the term to function as a specific designator. The centrality of the user, translator or otherwise, has hermeneutic and linguistic implications for the evolution of terminology, because it stipulates that terminological meaning and usage are dependent on the user’s conscious knowledge, a condition that leads to the recognition of a user epistemic continuum parallel to the semantic necessity continuum. Ideally, a term should be universally specific in reference, and its user should be epistemologically empowered and ethically responsible. Keyword: Terminology, technical terms, Translation, Islamic terminology, semantic continuum
Form and Function in the Late Medieval Bible, 2013
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