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Le droit canonique médiéval et l’horreur du scandale

2013, Cahiers de recherches médiévales et humanistes

Abstract

The medieval analysis of scandal by the canonists is deliberately vague. It refers to a multiform reality. It is impossible either to specify the nature (words, gestures, actions), or to determine the quality (good or bad) of such an ambiguous reality. More than on the object itself, the canonists focus on the evaluation and on the management of the effects of scandal. These effects are often ambivalent, depending on whether they encourage people to sin or they serve prophetically to bring about a conversion. The relationship between truth and scandal is particularly highlighted : is it better to avoid a disastrous scandal by concealing the truth or risk a scandal by revealing a salutary truth ? Whichever answer is arrived at, scandal is dangerous because it leads to social crisis, which could necessarily threaten the consciences of Christians. It is for this the reason that the Church sought to gain control of this issue, either by means of silencing a scandal or by bringing the matter to a trial. In acting in this way, the Church shifted from a moral approach to scandal to the political management of its effects.