The design of 3D haptic widgets

Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, 2009

Haptic interaction has for a long time been a promise that has not fully been realized in everyday technology due to several reasons. Already for more than 20 years the research community in the field of human-technology interaction has identified multimodal interaction as a potential next mainstream interaction paradigm to replace graphical user interfaces. At the same time, both personal computers and mobile devices have developed rapidly allowing more computing power, more sophisticated feedback through different channels such as display and audio, and more ways of interaction to be used in everyday computing tasks. Within the past few years, haptic interaction has been under rapid research and development. In this article, we will give an introduction to the present state of the art in haptic interaction technology and its promises in mainstream information and communication technology.

This paper discusses the issue of using haptic devices with limited workspaces in large immersive virtual environments. In other words, we try to answer to the following question: how to go beyond the physical limitations of the force-feedback device and reach distant virtual objects that are located outside the mechanical workspace of the device? We describe in this paper two interaction techniques that were both designed to cope with this issue: the Bubble technique for translation motions, and the Haptic Hybrid Rotations for rotation motions. These two interaction techniques use a hybrid position/rate control of the objects. The force-feedback of the device is used to simulate the use of an elastic device when in the rate-control mode. These two techniques were evaluated in several experiments that showed both their efficient usability and positive acceptance during assembly or painting tasks.

Haptics Rendering and Applications, 2012

People and Computers XVI - Memorable Yet Invisible, 2002

Haptic feedback has been shown to improve user performance in Graphical User Interface (GUI) targeting tasks in a number of studies. These studies have typically focused on interactions with individual targets, and it is unclear whether the performance increases reported will generalise to the more realistic situation where multiple targets are presented simultaneously. This paper addresses this issue in two ways. Firstly two empirical studies dealing with groups of haptically augmented widgets are presented. These reveal that haptic augmentations of complex widgets can reduce performance, although carefully designed feedback can result in performance improvements. The results of these studies are then used in conjunction with the previous literature to generate general design guidelines for the creation of haptic widgets.

2022

Technological advancement provides an increasing number and variety of solutions to interact with digital content. However, the complexity of the devices we use to interact with such content grows according to the users' needs as well as the complexity of the target interactions. This also includes all those tools designed to mediate touch interactions with virtual and/or remote environments, i.e., haptic interfaces and rendering techniques. We propose three hours of tutorials to discuss the technology, challenges, and perspective of haptic systems and rendering techniques for immersive human-computer interaction. CCS Concepts: • Human-centered computing → Haptic devices.

Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics - SI3D '95, 1995

Haptic rendering is the process of computing and generating forces in response to user interactions with virtual objects. Recent efforts by our team at MIT's AI laboratory have resulted in the development of haptic interface devices and algorithms for generating the forces of interaction with virtual objects. This paper focuses on the software techniques needed to generate sensations of contact interaction and material properties. In particular, the techniques we describe are appropriate for use with the Phantom haptic interface, a force generating display device developed in our laboratory. We also briefly describe a technique for representing and rendering the feel of arbitrary polyhedral shapes and address issues related to rendering the feel of non-homogeneous materials. A number of demonstrations of simple haptic tasks which combine our rendering techniques are also described.

Computers & Graphics, 1997

Haptic displays are emerging as effective interaction aids for improving the realism of virtual worlds. Being able to touch, feel, and manipulate objects in virtual environments has a large number of exciting applications. The underlying technology, both in terms of electromechanical hardware and computer software, is becoming mature and has opened up novel and interesting research areas. In this paper, we clarify the terminology of human and machine haptics and provide a brief overview of the progress recently achieved in these fields, based on our investigations as well as other studies. We describe the major advances in a new discipline, Computrr Huptics (analogous to computer graphics), that is concerned with the techniques and processes associated with generating and displaying haptic stimuli to the human user. We also summarize the issues and some of our results in integrating haptics into multimodal and distributed virtual environments, and speculate on the challenges for the future.

2018 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), 2018

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

This paper presents a novel approach to the understanding of Haptic and its related fields where haptics is used extensively like in display systems, communication, different types of haptic devices, and interconnection of haptic displays where virtual environment should feel like equivalent physical systems. There have been escalating research interests on areas relating to haptic modality in recent years, towards multiple fields. However, there seems to be limited studies in determining the various subfields and interfacing and related information on haptic user interfaces and its influence on the fields mentioned. This paper aims to bring forth the theory behind the essence of Haptics and its Subfields like haptic interfaces and its applications.

2002

Haptic feedback is a crucial sensorial modality in virtual reality interactions. Haptics means both force feedback (simulating object hardness, weight, and inertia) and tactile feedback (simulating surface contact geometry, smoothness, slippage, and temperature). Providing such sensorial data requires desk-top or portable special-purpose hardware called haptic interfaces. Modeling physical interactions involves precise collision detection, real-time force computation, and high control-loop bandwidth. This results in a large computation load which requires multi-processor parallel processing on networked computers. Applications for haptics-intensive VR simulations include CAD model design and assembly. Improved technology (wearable computers, novel actuators, haptic toolkits) will increase the use of force/tactile feedback in future VR simulations.

International journal of engineering research and technology, 2018

Haptic Interface are designed to allow humans to touch virtual objects as they were real. Unfortunately, virtual surface models currently require extensive hand tuning and do not feel authentic, which limits the usefulness and applicability of such systems. The proposed approach of Haptography seeks to address this deficiency by basing models on haptic data recorded from real interactions between a human and a target object. The studio Haptographer uses a fully instrumented stylus to tap, press and stroke an item in a controlled environment while a computer system records position, orientation, velocities, accelerations and forces. The point and touch Haptographer carries a simple instrumented Stylus around during daily life, using it to capture interesting haptic properties of items in the real world. Recorded data is distilled into Haptographer, the Haptic impressing of object or surface patch, including properties such as local shape, stiffness, friction and texture. Finally the ...

This paper addresses the often-cited problems associated with haptic display of rigid bodies or "virtual walls". Traditional haptic interfaces employ an actuator directly coupled to the human operator that provides a force proportional to wall penetration distance and velocity. A new paradigm for design and control of haptic displays is proposed that utilizes a de-coupled actuator and pre-contact distance sensing to improve stability and response performance. Dynamic models of real human/rigid body contact and prior haptic display models are developed and compared with the proposed method. Errors in the force and energy transfer are identified and associated with virtual wall penetration distance, required in traditional virtual wall haptic models. Results of the simulation of the dynamic models are presented, identifying system force response errors attributable to delay, wall penetration, wall model spring constant, and wall model damping constants.

ascilite 2009: 26th Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education: Same Places, Different Spaces, 2009

"Three-dimensional immersive spaces such as those provided by virtual worlds, give unparalleled opportunities for learners to practically engage with simulated authentic settings that may be too expensive or too dangerous to experience in the real world. The potential afforded by these environments is severely constrained by the use of a keyboard and mouse moving in two dimensions. While most technologies have evolved rapidly in the early 21st century, the mouse and keyboard as standard navigation and interaction tools have not. However, talented teams from a range of disciplines are on serious quests to address this limitation. Their Holy Grail is to develop ways to interact with 3D immersive spaces using more natural human movements with haptic feedback. Applications would include the training of surgeons and musical conductors, training elite sports people and even physical rehabilitation. This paper reports on the cutting-edge technology projects that look most likely to provide a solution for this complex problem, including the Wiimote and the Microsoft’s Project Natal."

IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (VR'06), 2006

We describe key affordances required by tools for developing haptic behaviors. Haptic icon design involves the envisioning, expression and iterative modification of haptic behavior representations. These behaviors are then rendered on a haptic device. For example, a sinusoidal force vs. position representation rendered on a haptic knob would produce the feeling of detents. Our contribution is twofold. We introduce a custom haptic icon prototyper that includes novel interaction features, and we then use the lessons learnt from its development plus our experiences with a variety of haptic devices to present and argue high-level design choices for such prototyping tools in general.

Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 2006

3D environments are designed to be intuitive and easy to use. However, when defining interaction in 3D virtual environments, suitable paradigms for accessing objects and user interface elements are often difficult to determine. Several solutions currently exist, all with their strengths and weaknesses, but due to the complexity of the human senses and technical and financial restrictions, none of them is ideal. In this paper, we describe a first step in our research investigating how 3D interaction can be improved by introducing a technique that uses proprioception together with realistic force feedback in order to more easily access objects and widgets in 3D space. In a user experiment, we also validate our newly proposed solution, and compare it to our earlier work.