Optimal Design of a Hybrid Micro-grid for a Remote Village

The Microgrid is a small scale transmission and distribution of power. Microgrid is mostly implemented in the rural villages and remote places which are not accessed by the normal conventional grid. The generation capacity of the micro grids will be less compared to the conventional grids as the demand is also significantly less. The renewable energy source acts as the major generation source for the microgrid when compared to the non-renewable sources. Some of the renewable sources which are used for generation in micro grids are wind, solar, small hydro, biomass etc. Since the renewable energy sources are not instantaneous for the microgrid to supply the load more efficiently and continuously the hybrid sources are required. In hybrid sources two different types of sources are considered in which one will be the conventional source and another will be the non-conventional source. The present work describes the design of a hybrid microgrid system for a remote off grid village in Myanmar. The hybrid microgrid consists of locally available primary energy source (photovoltaic) and diesel generator as a backup source. The main objective of the project is to design a system based on the locally available renewable energy source to electrify the village. To design the system, the energy requirement of the village, the current energy consumption and future demand is estimated through door to door survey. Based on the survey data the system is designed and installed.

International journal of engineering research and technology, 2018

In this work a micro grid concept for a village in the Himalayas is presented. The unique feature of these micro grids is that they use locally available resources, such as solar, wind, water stream and biomass for electricity generation. In order of estimate the current electricity consumption and future demand, door to door survey was done. Based on this survey the power consumption pattern for 24 hours was estimated. Using this power consumption and the available local energy resources the energy alloy for the village was estimated. The chosen village has different resources for power generation and we can opt for different configurations of the micro grid as well. The ideas presented in this paper will be useful for designing micro grids for remote locations in the developing world.

Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2018

Renewable energies can play an important role to provide electricity to rural communities .This work study the design optimization of a hybrid hydro-wind , micro-power system in rural area. Six case studies, including the impact of hydro head, flow rate ,efficiency, and head loss for micro hydropower with wind turbine hub height were implemented based on HOMER software. The simulation results show the importance of using HOMER to assist system designers for assigning the optimum design of hybrid system components.

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)

A hybrid renewable energy system is at present accepted globally, as the best option for rural electrification particularly in areas where grid extension is infeasible. However, the need for hybrid design to be optimal in terms of operation and component selection serves as a challenge in obtaining reliable electricity at a minimum cost. In this work, the feasibility of installing a small hydropower into an existing water supply dam and the development of an optimal sizing optimization model for a small village-Itapaji, Nigeria were carried out. The developed hybrid power system (HPS) model consists of solar photovoltaic, small hydropower, battery and diesel generator. The optimal sizing of the system’s components for optimum configuration was carried out using Genetic Algorithm. The hybrid model’s results were compared with hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) using correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) to verify its validity. The results...

International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, 2021

With the increase in the global and local demand for electrical energy, which is necessary for the functioning of several fields such as the economy and agriculture, this study introduces a micro-hydro–wind hybrid system in order to obtain an economic feasibility of the off-grid isolated and renewable energy system. The main objective of this research is to determine the optimum design size for a hydro–wind hybrid energy system that is supposed to meet the demand for the electric load in front of a valley in Algeria called Yesser with variable water flow and wind speeds in three positions. Batteries are supplied to increase the reliability of the system when the performance of the wind turbine energy and the flow rate of the hydro system are evaluated. This system is proposed to reduce financial costs in addition to the possibility of providing interchangeable energy and operating reserves with short start times. The Homer Pro software is used to model the hybrid renewable energy sy...

Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2016

Background/Objectives: Green energy based microgrid system is the development of eco-friendly and cost effective system for electrical supply in the area where grid is not feasible. In this paper, the study and modelling of green energy based micro grid for rural area of Tantivela, Gujarat has been done. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this paper, the analysis has been done on Hybrid Optimisation for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. Firstly, the geographical data of the area has been collected including the village data and climatic data. By calculating the load demand of the household accordingly the village population and occupation has been estimated. Based on availability of the renewable resources combination of the energy has been modelled. Using the software HOMER software the optimum and cost effective model of standalone micro grid system for rural area. Findings: A standalone type microgrid has been simulated which can handle both AC and DC load. For the Maximum Power Point Tracking system perturb and observe method has been adopted. The standalone system different combination of PV array, charge controller, load controller, inverter, and battery need to be decided based on the load demands and parameters. The biomass, wind and solar are taken to be the main renewable energy resources as for generation. The testing and cost analysis has been done in Hybrid Optimisation for Electric Renewable (HOMER) to find optimum combination of energy which will be cost effective, eco-friendly and have viable architecture. After selecting the resources and decide the equipment's the final simulation is done. In HOMER we analysed cost summary including total net production cost, operational cost and levelized cost and decide on best possible architecture of PV array, biomass, wind, converter, inverter and rectifier. Applications/Improvements: By simulating green energy microgrid it makes an optimum use of resources that are locally abundant resources with economic viable, affordable and sustainable. It could be improved by proper transmission network and improve surge power capacity to enhance cost-effectiveness.

2017

Energy is one of the essential requirements to alleviate poverty and socioeconomic advancement. Most of the rural area is not under the national grid; therefore, electrification in rural area is the crying need of India. The reserve of fossil fuel is diminishing; also the price of fuel is increasing throughout the world. Environmental pollution is another important issue. Green energy is current demand for the existence of future world. For that reason, reducing carbon emission and meeting energy demands are the main topologies to plan energy systems. As India is an agricultural based country, biomass resources are available here and there is also good prospect of solar energy. The study indicates that off grid hybrid system including PV and biomass system is the most feasible solution in view of the monthly average solar radiation intensity, biomass resource availability of the design location Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. The most cost effective one simulation result gives the lo...

2020

This paper presents an analysis of optimal micro hydropower (MH) capacity of hybrid systems to improve renewable energy based power systems. The electricity system was designed by considering river water flow data and solar radiation data at the research location of Universitas Andalas (Unand). Optimal results obtained for the configuration of the Grid, MH, and photovoltaic (PV) with a head height of 30 m and a flow rate of 800 L/s with the lowest Cost of Energy (CoE) value of $ 0.065. As an optimal sizing system has been able to increase the composition of renewable energy generation in the Unand electrical network. The renewable energy fraction has increased from 26.4% to 36.5%. Therefore, determining the optimal capacity will increase the use of renewable energy generation. Conversely, an increase in electricity supply from renewable energy plants will reduce electricity consumption from the State Electricity Company (Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PLN) grid. The latest excess power ...

2009

In most countries of equatorial Africa, it is difficult to satisfy power demand all year long by hydro sources alone. In some remote areas, where this is the case, a judicious combination of other renewable sources to form a hybrid system can help solve rural electrification problems. One of these combinations is the use of PV together with a diesel and batteries. We highlight the use of an optimization model to size such a system in a village in Cameroon.

2016

This paper gives the idea of optimized hybrid energy system for a particular site in western India (Vataria, Ankleshwar). Optimization is done by comparison of various Systems using reliable alternative energy source consisting of solar, diesel and wind to create an autonomous energy source that is both dependable and consistent. The use of renewable sources reduces combustion of fossil fuels and the consequent CO 2 emission which is the principle cause of global warming. The pattern of load consumption of educational institute are studied and suitably modified for optimization of the autonomous micro grid using hybrid sources. This system is more cost effective and environmental friendly over the only conventional diesel generator. For this whole optimal design purpose we have used Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software is used for the analysis of sizing and sensitivity, performed in order to obtain the most feasible configuration of a hybrid renewable energy system. The simulation results indicate that the proposed hybrid system would be feasible solution for the site. Main objective of this paper is to develop optimal design of stand-alone hybrid energy system and to maximize use of renewable energy generation system while minimizing the total system cost.