Emerging Role of Microemulsions in Cosmetics

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine (IJPSM), 2024

A topical drug delivery system usually denotes local dermatological activity as the effect of the pharmaceutical component on the skin to cure the disease. The microemulgel can be used to achieve a combined effect of microemulsion and gel. It shows the dual control release effect of drugs and increasing stability. It has the primary objective ability to incorporate hydrophobic drugs. Various market products containing foreign agent, for example gel, cream, ointment they have several drawbacks, including poor absorption, poor permeability, allergic reaction, irritation, less spreading stickiness, and stability problem. This evaluation provides a summary of the best properties, excipient, preparation, and evaluation related to microemulgel. A recent study of recent development and future directions for microemulgel-based systems was conducted. The emulgel provides various beneficial aspects of its cosmetic and dermatology activity, thixotropic, greaseless, emollient, easily distributed, readily removable, non-staining and water-soluble, with a long half-life, biocompatible, and transparent and pleasant appearing. Therefore, emulgel is a better semi-solid preparation neither conventional system nowadays. It is utilized to administer of anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-acne, analgesic, anti-psoriasis drugs. The formulated emulgel is characterized of various parameters such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, etc. its need and merit will advance in the upcoming years.

Nanomaterials, 2020

With a fascinating complexity, governed by multiple physiological processes, the skin is considered a mantle with protective functions which during lifetime are frequently impaired, triggering dermatologic disorders. As one of the most prevalent dermatologic conditions worldwide, characterized by a complex pathogenesis and a high recurrence, acne can affect the patient’s quality of life. Smart topical vehicles represent a good option in the treatment of a versatile skin condition. By surpassing the stratum corneum known for diffusional resistance, a superior topical bioavailability can be obtained at the affected place. In this direction, the literature study presents microemulsions as a part of a condensed group of modern formulations. Microemulsions are appreciated for their superior profile in matters of drug delivery, especially for challenging substances with hydrophilic or lipophilic structures. Formulated as transparent and thermodynamically stable systems, using simplified m...

2021

Abstract: A drug delivery method has been explored as microelectric emulsions that are optically isotropical, and thermodynamically stable water, oil, surfactant and/or surfactants due to their potential to solubilize poorly water soluble medicines and to their increased topical and systemic availability. The lipophilic drugs mobility may be solubilized and the skin can be entered quickly and effectively. Thus the topical administration of drugs is helpful. Many commonly utilized topical treatments such as salts, creams and lotions have numerous drawbacks such as sticky texture, causing discomfort when applied, They have a lower coefficient of propagation so applied by rubbing and they also show a stability concern. The difficulty of stability of the microemulsion is low viscosity, but it may be solved by adding viscosity and the moisturizing stratum corneum into topical DDS, which increases dermal penetration and skin flow of medical devices. Because of all these considerations, th...

Bioengineering

Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are lipid-based pharmaceutical systems with a high potential to increase the permeation of drugs through the skin. Although being isotropic dispersions of two nonmiscible liquids (oil and water), significant differences are encountered between microemulsions and nanoemulsions. Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 100–400 nm, whereas nanoemulsions are thermodynamically unstable o/w emulsions of mean droplet size approximately 1 to 100 nm. Their inner oil phase allows the solubilization of lipophilic drugs, achieving high encapsulation rates, which are instrumental for drug delivery. In this review, the importance of these systems, the key differences regarding their composition and production processes are discussed. While most of the micro/nanoemulsions on the market are held by the cosmetic industry to enhance the activity of drugs used in skincare products, the development of novel pharmaceuti...

Since the discovery of microemulsions by Jack H. Shulman, there have been huge progresses made in applying microemulsion syst ems in a plethora of research and industrial processes. Microemulsions are clear, stable, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant. Microemulsions are optically isotropic and thermodynamically stable liquid solutions of oil, water and amphiphile. To date microemulsions have been shown to be able to protect labile drug, control drug release, increase drug solubility, increase bioavailability and reduce patient variability. Furthermore, it has proven possible to formulate preparations suitable for most routes of administration. Since the discovery of microemulsions, they have attained increasing significance both in basic research and in industry. Due to their unique proper ties, namely, ultralow interfacial tension, large interfacial area, thermodynamic stability and the ability to solubilise otherwise immiscible liquids, uses and applications of microemulsions have been numerous. Microemulsions are readily distinguished from normal emulsions by their transparency, low viscosity and more fundamentally their thermodynamic stability. Microemulsions are shown to be effective dermal delivery mechanism for several active ingredients for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Topical microemulsions allow rapid penetration of active molecules due to the large surface area of the internal phase, and their components reduce the barrier property of stratum corneum. Microemulsions thereby enhance dermal absorption compared with conventional formulations and are therefore a promising vehicle due to their pot ential for transdermal drug delivery.

In the designing of topical formulations of highly lipophilic drugs the clinical efficacy is compromised by their low aqueous solubility resulting in poor drug penetration through skin. Among the different innovative approaches that have been suggested for enhancing the penetration of lipophilic drugs through topical administration, microemulsions have shown better results. The microemulsion is a promising vehicle due to powerful ability to deliver drug through skin and large solubilizing capacities of lipophilic, hydrophilic and amphiphilic drug candidates. A microemulsion one of the pharmaceutical interests for new drug delivery is normally composed of oil, water surfactant and cosurfactant. Microemulsion can be defined as a transparent and clear solution obtained by titrating a normal coarse emulsion with medium chain alcohols to the point of clarity.

Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia, 2020

Microemulsions are have appear as novel vehicles for drug delivery system, microemulsions clear, stable, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactants, frequently in combination with co-surfactants. Microemulsions acts as potential drug carrier systems for oral, topical, and parenteral administration. They are having the advantages like spontaneous formation, thermodynamically stable, ease of manufacturing and scale-up, improved drug solubilization and bioavailability, long self-life.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2012

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, colloidal drug delivery systems. This study presents the first substantiated comparison of natural, skin-compatible and biodegradable surfactants in terms of their suitability to form isotropic microemulsions and their skin interaction. Pseudoternery phase diagrams were constructed for lecithin, sucrose laurate and alkylpolyglycoside as single surfactants. Moreover, also mixed surfactant films of lecithin and alkylpolyglycoside as well as lecithin and sucrose laurate were tested. Large isotropic areas could be identified for lecithin, sucrose laurate and lecithinsucrose laurate. One defined composition was chosen from the pseudoternery phase diagram, prepared with all investigated surfactants and 1:1 surfactant mixtures, respectively, and analysed for their effect on the stratum corneum on a molecular level by ATR-FTIR. Significantly higher frequency values of the symmetric and asymmetric CH 2-stretching bands compared to the control were recorded for all microemulsions, indicating a hexagonal arrangement of the lipid chains. A similar trend was observed for the lateral packing of the alkyl chains as suggested by the shift of the CH 2-scissoring bands. Moreover, diffusion cell experiments using porcine skin were performed with the two model drugs flufenamic acid and fluconazole. In both cases, the lecithin-based microemulsions showed the highest permeation rates followed by the alkylpolyglycoside-lecithin microemulsions.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2018

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, transparent, colloidal drug carrier system extensively used by the scientists for effective drug delivery across the skin. It is a spontaneous isotropic mixture of lipophilic and hydrophilic substances stabilized by suitable surfactant and co-surfactant. The easy fabrication, long-term stability, enhanced solubilization, biocompatibility, skin-friendly appearance and affinity for both the hydrophilic and lipophilic drug substances make it superior for skin drug delivery over the other carrier systems. The topical administration of most of the active compounds is impaired by limited skin permeability due to the presence of skin barriers. In this sequence, the microemulsion represents a cost-effective and convenient drug carrier system which successfully delivers the drug to and across the skin. In the present review work, we compiled various attempts made in last 20 years, utilizing the microemulsion for dermal and transdermal delivery of various drugs. The review emphasizes the potency of microemulsion for topical and transdermal drug delivery and its effect on drug permeability.

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2016

Natural oils are extremely complex mixtures containing compounds of different chemical nature. Some of them have physiological or therapeutic activities that may act either alone or in synergy. Therefore, they are used in the pharmaceutical, agronomic, food, sanitary, and cosmetic industries. Today, the interest in bioactive natural oils is growing due to their immense potential to prevent and treat numerous human diseases. Formulation in microemulsions (MEs) containing natural oils appeared suitable to improve pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical properties of bioactive compounds derivate from these oils. ME systems are thermodynamically stable, transparent, and isotropic dispersions consisting of oil and water stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactants, typically in combination with a cosurfactant. They can protect labile compounds from premature degradation, control release, increase solubility, and hence enhance the bioavailability of poorly bioavailable compounds. The aim of this work was to review the various advantages of bioactive compounds presented in natural oil loaded ME systems to be used as delivery systems. Firstly, the state of the art of the parameters involved in the ME formation, including the basic concepts of the physicochemical formulation of the ME systems, and the main aspects of production and the energy responsible for their formation were reported. The second section describes the use of ME systems and reviews the recent applications of natural oil-loaded in the ME systems as the bioactive compound in the formulation.