Rhinosporidiosis — a report of two cases

Saudi Journal of Medicine, 2019

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous mucocutaneous infecion caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The infection is non-contagious and as the name suggests, it is primarily a disease of the nose. Here, we report a rare case of rhinosporidiosis affecting the nasopharynx in a 35 year old male patient.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and nasopharynx. It is endemic in South Asia and commonly affects males in their second to fourth decades of life. Majority of the cases are found in the upper respiratory tract such as anterior nares, nasal cavity, inferior turbinate, nasal septum, floor, and nasopharynx. Although nose or nasopharynx is the most common location for rhinosporidiosis, it can also involve the skin, parotid duct, oropharynx, and larynx. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with extensive rhinosporidiosis in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx along with involvement of the roof of the oral cavity through erosion of the hard palate. The mainstay of treatment is wide excision followed by electrocautery of the base which ablates the recurrence. The rhinosporidiosis mass from different sites of the attachment was completely excised along with cauterization of the base. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological report.

2016

To study incidence and clinicopathological features of nasal rhinosporidiosis, amongst inflammatory lesions of the nose. A Retrospective study of biopsy specimens from nose, diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis on histology, over a ten year period from January 2002 to October 2012, was carried out. The detailed clinical history was collected from clinical record. The tissues were studied with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain and Periodic acid Schiff stain (PAS). Total 09 cases of nasal rhinosporidiosis were studied. Rhinosporidiosis was most commonly seen in 2 nd and 3 rd decade with 3 (37.50%) cases in each. The youngest patient was 11 years old and oldest was 40 years old. All cases were seen in males. All the 9 patients of rhinosporidiosis presented with nasal mass, in addition epistaxis was seen in 6 (75%) cases. Rhinosporidiosis earlier thought to be protozoan now proved as of bacterial origin, often presenting as nasal mass with epistaxsis in young adult males.

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, 2015

IntroductionRhinosporidiosis commonly affects nasal mucosa but may have varied presentations depending upon the site of involvement. Materials and Methods119 patients of rhinosporidiosis, attending the two medical colleges of West Bengal over a period of two years were reviewed. ResultsGranulomatous lesion in the nose and nasopharynx was the commonest presentation. The most common symptoms were nasal obstruction, bleeding from the nose and nasal discharge. The less commonly involved sites were the eye, penis, skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone. DiscussionMost of the extranasal rhinosporisdiosis were secondary to nasal disease. Extranasal lesions do not have the typical granular polypoid appearance of the nasal and nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis. Extranasal rhinosporidiosis could be excised with minimal operative bleeding. ConclusionRhinosporidiosis has nasal and extranasal presentations. This chronic disease may also present acutely with respiratory distress or haemorrhage....

Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2012

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic infestation by the fungus Rhinosporidium seeberi, which predominantly affects the mucus membranes of the nose and nasopharynx. We report a case of rhinosporidiosis with presentation as a mass extending up to the oropharynx. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed.

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2014

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of rhinosporidiosis in various groups of people & to know the various possibilities of extra nasal presentation as well as manifestations, so that the disease can be diagnosed early & proper treatment can be given at an early date. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTINGS: Tertiary referral center [VSS Medical College, Burla.] MATERIAL & METHODS: For the observation on various presentations of rhinosporidiosis, the patients coming with mass in nose, complaining of nasal obstruction or recurrent epistaxis, & in mass in the other site of the body suspected to suffer from rhinosporidiosis were studied, treated & followed up in the department of ENT, VSS Medical College Hospital, Burla, Sambalpur. All such cases from September 2010 to August 2012 were taken into account. Their detailed history taken & their treatment is followed up. The results obtained are presented. RESULTS: Nose was the most common [MC] site of rhinosporidiosis. In the extranasal presentation nasopharynx is the MC site. Other sites are eye, skin & larynx. Common age group of involvement is 21-30 years. Males are affected more. The disease is prevalent among rural population. Nasal obstruction & epistaxis are the MC presenting symptom in nasal rhinosporidiosis. In nasopharyngeal cases foreign body sensation, stuffiness in ear & speech defect are the presenting symptoms. Ocular cases mostly presented with mass in conjunctiva or foreign body sensation in eye with bloody discharge. CONCLUSION: Atypical presentation of rhinosporidiosis in head and neck region is rare. Very often, this atypical presentation causes dilemma in diagnosis and creates confusion. Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis should be kept in mind in all granulomatous lesions involving the mucous membranes in the endemic area.

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2016

Introduction: Rhinosporidiosis is one of the common tropical diseases in ENT practice in this subcontinent having the affinity for the mucosa of upper respiratory tract-chiefly the nose & nasopharynx. Though this chronic granulomatous disease is quite common in this subcontinent but its distribution is not even. Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the age distribution, clinical sign-symptoms& attachment of rhinosporidiosis, that's mean to establish the clinical profile of the patient.

Ear, Nose & Throat Journal, 2021

Rhinosporidiosis, an infectious granulomatous disease, is seldom encountered in the United States. We present a case of rhinosporidiosis in a 26-year-old man, who presented with an unusual mass in his nasal cavity. Suspicion for rhinosporidiosis was high due to the patient’s travel and activity history. After imaging and proper diagnosis, surgery was performed to excise the lesion. As international travel resumes during the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential for encountering this rare organism is heightened.

Mycopathologia, 1981

Three cases of rhinosporidiosis with high rate of recurrence are presented. Recurrences in the cases reported here were: 49, 21 and 23 times respectively. These are much higher than that described in the literature so far. The clinico-epidemiological aspects of the cases are discussed.

Otolaryngology Online Journal, 2012

This article discusses the personal experience of author in the management of rhinosporidiosis. Living in an endemic area of disease the author had the privilege of managing about 200 cases of rhinosporidiosis during 2005 to 2010. Commonest area of involvement happened to be nasal cavity. Inside the nasal cavity rhinosporidiosis was commonly seen arising from inferior meatus. All these patients gave history of bathing in ponds which could account for the common etiopathogenic factor. All the cases were managed by surgical resection followed by 9 months course of T Dapsone to minimize risk of recurrence. Despite these measures the author had a recurrence rate of about 19%. Imaging really provided a road map as majority of these lesions were removed endoscopically.