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2004, Occupational Medicine
In the past 15 years, there has been a major safety improvement in the Australian mining industry. Part of this change can be attributed to the development and application of risk assessment methods. These systematic, team-based techniques identify, assess and control unacceptable risks to people, assets, the environment and production. The outcomes have improved mine management systems. This paper discusses the risk assessment approach applied to equipment design and mining operations, as well as the specific risk assessment methodology. The paper also discusses the reactive side of risk management, incident and accident investigation. Systematic analytical methods have also been adopted by regulatory authorities and mining companies to investigate major losses.
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2016
In this paper a comprehensive review is presented of risk assessment techniques adopted in the mining industry worldwide; those techniques applied in other hazardous industries and potential techniques which are robust, mature and holistic and can be implemented for the Indian mining industry in future to enhance workplace safety are also presented. Findings from the review are indicative of the fact that socio-technical complexity of industrial systems has increased. Recent developments in the area of risk management highlight the need for implementation of the latest robust techniques of risk assessment in the mining sector. In consideration of the present scenario, the development of a model for risk analysis having an interface between hazard identification and risk assessment, along with an interface between risk assessment and accident causation to predict if an accident will occur under given conditions, has become dire necessity. This will increase hazard awareness and enable mine management to select and prioritize problem areas and identify safety system weaknesses in both underground and surface mining. This will ultimately help decision makers, risk analysts and safety managers make a major contribution in the development of workplace safety with a near-to-zero accident rate.
International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, 2007
This paper describes a systematic risk analysis process for occupational safety and health (OSH). A concept of technological risk management and risk assessment is applied. A review of published risk management and assessment applications for various industries is presented and a generalised approach to risk management for OSH in surface mining is proposed. The approach consists of six phases. This process can be used to help judge the tolerability of risk and aid in choosing between potential risk reduction and/or risk avoidance measures. The paper also underlines the benefits of applying risk management concepts from the decision maker's perspective.
GeoScience Engineering, 2020
Compared to the major industries, mining industry has a high risk accident potential. Over ten thousand miners are killed every year, and this is just the official figure. It is assumed that the number of the injured might exceed one hundred thousand miners, and many of them remain disable 2]. The history of mining is linked to the development of society itself, while the regulations on mine safety can be traced back to the Roman times. Significant mining accidents and disasters were reported since the beginning of the year 1800 [2,. Several pathways to mine accidents have been identified within the 200-year experience, where the agents have been: hit, inrush, outbursts, explosion, falling, sliding, lifting, poisoning, etc., in different work places, such as stope-work, transport, drift-discharge, transport, maintenance, etc. Despite having identified the causality (agent) long time ago, the number of mining accidents are still disturbing. This paper aims to assess the risk from particular agents at a workplace, trending this way to determine the risk rank through empirical formulas, through parameter "P" as an accident occurrence parameter and relevant statistics on mining accidents.
E3S Web of Conferences, 2020
In the mining industry, as a dangerous industry related to the specifics of its production, in particular, the process of risk management and analysis should be taken into account. One of the main reasons of occupational accidents, in addition to human error and technical failures, is the lack of foresight of possible accidental events, and the lack of assessment by a company of the risks associated with occupational safety. The article considers the main risks in the mining industry, analyses the problems of modern systems of risk assessment and management of mining investment projects, methods and sequence of qualitative and quantitative risk assessment, provides recommendations for their improvement in order to bring them in line with international risk management standards.
The daily operations in the mining industry are still a significant source of risk with regard to occupational safety and health (OS & H). Various research studies and statistical data worldwide show that the number of serious injuries and fatalities still remains high despite substantial efforts the industry has put in recent years in decreasing those numbers. This paper argues that the next level of safety performance will have to consider a transition from coping solely with workplace dangers, to a more sys-temic model taking organizational risks in consideration. In this aspect, lessons learned from the nuclear industry may be useful, as organizational learning processes are believed to be more universal than the technologies in which they are used. With the notable exception of major accidents, organizational performance has not received all the attention it deserves. A key element for reaching the next level of performance is to include organizational factors in low level events analyses, and approach the management as a risk control system. These factors will then appear not only in the event analysis, but in supervision activities, audits, change management and the like. Many recent event analyses across various industries have shown that organizational factors play a key role in creating conditions for triggering major accidents (aviation, railway transportation, nuclear industry, oil exploitation, mining, etc.). In this paper, a perspective that may be used in supervisory activities, self-assessments and minor events investigations, is presented. When ingrained in an organizational culture, such perspective has the highest potential for continuous safety improvement.
2011
for his valuable guidance, constructive and valuable suggestions throughout the project work. I express my sincere thanks to him for his thorough supervision at every stage of the work. I would like to express my thanks to the faculty members of the department for their suggestions, which helped in improving the work. I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to the officials of the iron ore and coal mines I visited for carrying out the field studies. I am particularly thankful to Er. Tapan Jena, Training Officer, Tata Steel, Joda; and Er S. K. Singh, Safety officer, South Eastern Coalfields Limited, Raigarh area, for their help in visiting the mines. Last but not the least, I express my sincere thanks to all my family members and friends for their help and encouragement for accomplishing this undertaking.
EURAS - Journal Of Engineering And Applied Sciences, 2022
The use of risk assessment methods carried out in enterprises within the framework of Occupational Health and Safety differs from sector to sector today. With the Labor Law No. 4857 and the Occupational Health and Safety Law No. 6331, businesses that are obliged to make risk assessments regardless of their scale are trying to find appropriate methods in order to apply and obtain more reliable and accurate results. The differences between the results of the methods; In risk analyses performed at decision points where experts are inadequate or hesitate while applying the methods, the results of erroneous prioritization of hazards and misclassification of related hazards emerge. In this study, it was emphasized that how risk assessment should be done on the basis of engineering, and which parameters should be considered in the basic steps. Thus, a road map has been drawn to help minimize work accidents and occupational diseases by evaluating the risks that may occur in the workplace environment in a more scientific and systematic way.
Rem: Revista Escola de Minas, 2014
In order to establish a safety risk prevention mechanism and reduce the losses caused by accidents in a mine construction project, this paper proposes a risk evaluation model for a mine construction project based on unascertained measure. The unascertained measure include civilized construction site, management of machinery, equipment and materials, occupation health protection, the sub-package management and so on of one level evaluation indices of six, inspection system of safety risk, safety awareness education, prevention and control of occupation disease, such as 33 two level evaluation indices. We calculate the weights of the first index by using the information entropy and the AHP theory for second index. A case study is conducted using an empirical project demonstrates that the model proposed is of practical significance and economic value, and provides a reference to risk management for a mine construction project.
Journal of Loss Prevention in …, 2011
The objective of this work is to determine and study, analyze and elaborate, classify and categorize the main risk analysis and risk-assessment methods and techniques by reviewing the scientific literature. The paper consists of two parts: a) the investigation, presentation and elaboration of the main riskassessment methodologies and b) the statistical analysis, classification, and comparative study of the corresponding scientific papers published by six representative scientific journals of Elsevier B.V. covering the decade 2000e2009. The scientific literature reviewing showed that the risk analysis and assessment techniques are classified into three main categories: (a) the qualitative, (b) the quantitative, and (c) the hybrid techniques (qualitativeequantitative, semi-quantitative). The qualitative techniques are based both on analytical estimation processes, and on the safety managerseengineers ability. According to quantitative techniques, the risk can be considered as a quantity, which can be estimated and expressed by a mathematical relation, under the help of real accidents' data recorded in a work site. The hybrid techniques, present a great complexity due to their ad hoc character that prevents a wide spreading. The statistical analysis shows that the quantitative methods present the highest relative frequency (65.63%) while the qualitative a lower one (27.68%). Furthermore the hybrid methods remain constantly at a very low level (6.70%) during the entire processing period.
Fundamentals of safety in mining. [, 2024
Mine managers hold significant responsibility for ensuring worker safety, product quality, and regulatory compliance. Their role demands navigating complex challenges and making high-pressure decisions, requiring specialized expertise, particularly in social, environmental, and safety matters. Proficiency in modern technologies is also crucial for mitigating environmental impacts and improving operational safety. This book, organized into 14 chapters, spans topics from the history of mining to risk management methodologies and practices, concluding with practical insights into emergency planning and miner rescue operations. The English edition of Fundamentals of Safety in Mining aims to enhance the mining environment by equipping managers with essential knowledge and guidance, fostering safer practices, and reducing risks to workers and society.
Mining and Metallurgy Engineering Bor, 2013
This paper points out the opportunities and needs for integration the maintenance function with other management systems in accordance with the requirements of ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001 as well as the new Standard ISO 55001. It defines the flowchart of risk assessment in the procedure of mining equipment maintenance as well as the methodological framework for risk assessment in the procedure of mining equipment maintenance. The proposed risk assessment model defines the criteria for probability of occurrence the hazardous events as the consequences that may arise, as well as the mechanisms for control the assessed risk. This risk assessment model can be also put in the context of integrated risk management.
Health and safety indicators help mine sites predict the likelihood of an event, advance initiatives to control risks, and track progress. Although useful to encourage individuals within the mining companies to work together to identify such indicators, executing risk assessments comes with challenges. Specifically, varying or inaccurate perceptions of risk, in addition to trust and buy-in of a risk management system, contribute to inconsistent levels of participation in risk programs. This paper focuses on one trona mine's experience in the development and implementation of a field-level risk assessment program to help its organization understand and manage risk to an acceptable level. Through a trans-formational process of ongoing leadership development, support and communication, Solvay Green River fostered a culture grounded in risk assessment, safety interactions and hazard correction. The application of consistent risk assessment tools was critical to create a participatory workforce that not only talks about safety but actively identifies factors that contribute to hazards and potential incidents. In this paper, reflecting on the mine's previous process of risk-assessment implementation provides examples of likely barriers that sites may encounter when trying to document and manage risks, as well as a variety of mini case examples that showcase how the organization worked through these barriers to facilitate the identification of leading indicators to ultimately reduce incidents.
Miner. Resour. Eng, 2008
The paper presents the results of research aimed at developing a risk assessment process that can be used to more thoroughly characterize risks associated with continuous miner-related fatal incidents in U.S. underground mining. The assessment is based on historical data obtained from Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) investigation reports, which includes 30 fatal incidents that occurred from 1995 through 2006. The risk assessment process used in this research involves three basic steps: (i) identification of the risks; (ii) risk analysis; and (iii) risk evaluation. The Preliminary Hazard Assessment (PHA) method is used in identifying and quantifying risks. Risk levels are then developed using a pre-established risk matrix that ranks them according to probability and severity. The resulting assigned risk value can then be used to prioritize risk control/mitigating strategies. A total of four hazards were identified. The hazard "Failure of victim to respect equipment working area" was both the most severe and frequent and it fell into the category of "very high" risk. Therefore, the largest portion of the available resources should be allocated to prevent and control this hazard.
2022
Safety risk management in Bosnian-Herzegovinian underground coal mines is not based on a systematic approach and standardized risk management methods. Mostly there is a traditional approach present, i.e. reaction to incidents/accidents that happen. This paper aims to point out the need for proactive approach introduction with an emphasis on importance of ventilation systems failure mechanism simulation analysis in planning of people and property defense and rescue in crisis situations. Based on ventilation parameters measuring results for a given research site (brown coal mine), a model was developed on which a simulation analysis was performed for three characteristic ventilation failure cases: spontaneous oxidation at the longwall exit, collapse at the entrance to the longwall and methane outburst-preparation of a new excavation field. VnetPC and CFD "Fluent" software packages were used to simulate mine ventilation.
2018
Underground mining operations comprise complex systems that provide the service areas with cold water, compressed air and ventilation. Equipment is located on the surface and underground, which makes the monitoring thereof a challenging task. A condition monitoring process on deep mines involves several types of parameters and equipment. Software tools and applications are used to analyse the raw data and identify operational risks. This automated analysis results in a substantial amount of risk information being generated on a regular basis. It is therefore necessary to examine the information for knowledge discovery to take place. A software-based application was developed to categorise the risk information according to system class, parameter type and risk severity over a selected date range. The solution enables site managers to determine where critical risks occur repeatedly and what the maintenance impact is. The newly developed application was used to evaluate the risk infor...
MATEC Web of Conferences, 2022
Risk management is becoming increasingly more complex. Risk assessment, approached quantitatively, requires a factual database to define the likelihood of adverse health effects of workplace-related injuries and exposures, and it attempts to balance scientific knowledge with concerns of staff, investigators and administration. Practical guidance should be provided for Romanian coal mining companies to make progress in risk assessment process. Guidance is given on how to effectively introduce quantitative risk assessment in mining industry, the main goal being to highlight that the most valuable resource remains experience gained by effectively performing the process. Analyzing how various parameters are described/used, the paper aims to establish the place and role of quantitative risk analysis mining. Possibilities of developing safety/reliability database in coal mining are investigated. The block diagram describing the conceptual structure of a database on failures, safety of equ...
International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 2021
In the history of the mining sector, in its beginnings it faced very high levels of risks both safety and health. The data are limited to serious accidents, and these are mainly associated with falls from land, transport and machinery. Analysis of these data suggests that the leading causes of death tend to be the same as those of serious injuries, while disasters have a different profile. Over the past decade, mining disasters have been associated with explosions due to flammable gases, a fire on a conveyor belt, a flood of mud and water, and rock outbursts. Mandatory compliance with a company's safety, health and environmental regulations is a minimum and can be significantly improved by adding a long-term management planning and implementation process with a deeper cultural shift towards continuous improvement in safety and quality. Note that the purpose of integrating health and safety into other management systems is the need for health and safety management to be central, ...
Proceedings of the 2012 Coal Operators' Conference
RISKGATE, an ACARP funded initiative, is an interactive online risk management system designed to assist in the analysis of priority unwanted events unique to the Australian coal mining industry. The system is innovative in that it is built upon a foundation of expert knowledge gathered through action research workshops, further supported by a substantive and diverse array of industry, academic and technological resources. In operation, RISKGATE offers an innovative tool to assist industry partners and regulators alike in the design, management and reporting of organisational and regulatory compliance requirements. In practice, RISKGATE provides a continuum for knowledge transfer and redefining best practice in risk identification, assessment and management in the coal industry. The RISKGATE prototype in its early phase of testing for priority of unwanted events of most relevance to coal mining is presented.
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2013
There are a number of geotechnical systems used at open cut operations of Anglo American's Metallurgical Coal business unit in Australia. These systems are mainly mine site specific, based on geological information and used as hazard plans. They are qualitative and reliant upon the experienced judgement of site based engineers and the general workforce. They are not suitable for calculating the associated risks of geological structures and mining responses. A uniform risk rating system that can be used to provide an unbiased, standard and quantifiable assessment of the risk from highwall and lowwall failures is therefore developed using the experience gained with such systems in Anglo American's South African operations. This system is a semi-quantitative risk rating system and takes into account the relative differences in the importance of hazards as experienced at each mine site as a result of different combinations of geotechnical factors and mining conditions. It is based on critical geotechnical and other parameters that have been identified by site mining engineers, geologists and geotechnical engineers. The primary advantage of this risk rating system is that all open cut mines in the Anglo American's Metallurgical Coal operations use a near identical system, which enables the user to compare the risk after each blast and with other mines. The system can be adjusted to meet local mine specific requirements. The implementation of this system, a computer program that automatically calculates the risks and recommends predetermined controls, has been made as practical and as easy to use as possible. This program can be used by personnel from other mining disciplines not directly related to geotechnical engineering.
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