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2024, Communications of the ACM
AI
The paper critiques the prevailing narrative that equates innovation with positive societal outcomes, arguing that this assumption often benefits technology companies more than society. It highlights the rising economic inequality and concentration of technological power among a few firms, questioning the adequacy of current economic metrics like GDP in addressing modern challenges. The text calls for a re-evaluation of tech-centric policies focused purely on fostering innovation, encouraging a broader discourse on the societal implications of technological monopolies and the need for regulatory frameworks that consider redistribution and sustainability.
International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2016
From mainframes to smartphones: A history of the international computer industry (Harvard University Press, 2015), and the metamorphosis of data networks in Shane Greenstein, How the Internet became commercial: Innovation, privatization, and the birth of a new network (Princeton University Press, 2015). These developments have altered the fields of industrial organization and public policy, while shaping the economy of the future. Both books offer deep and illuminating histories that inform our understanding of markets, technology, and government regulation.
The global diffusion of digital technology, which occurred more rapidly than the global diffusion of any technology previously, has been mired by its uneven distribution across, and unequal effects on, societies worldwide. In addition, policy initiatives to close this global digital divide, which peaked with the two World Summit on Information Society conferences, still did not change the course of this differentiated globalization process. In this article, I attribute the cause of such stalling of policy on the issue of the global digital divide to the bifurcation of current international policy: attention is split between concern for the impeded access of the poor to this revolutionary technology, on the one hand, and the race to lead the world in creating the next ''hot'' technology, on the other. These two concerns, which have been given the pithy titles of the ''global digital divide'' and the ''global innovation divide,'' are leading to two separate policy tracks, targeting the world's laggards and leaders as separate entities and operating under separate logics. This separation is problematic because the issues of access to technology and ownership of rights to technology are intertwined. This article describes the two global technology divides and analyzes the policies that are currently charted to address them.
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2010
Prometheus 195 trusted DRM system is essential, its actions and influence on the ordering of that system are assumed rather than explored. Gillespie argues only that users sometimes matter (pp. 242-43). However, the empirical evidence shows that the technology blocks are invariably circumvented and in a socially constructed trusted system, users probably matter all of the time. Few readers would disagree that the issues considered in this book are important and need to be articulated, particularly in the context of prevailing public apathy about copyright matters and amid the frenetic attempts in boardrooms, courts and parliaments to sort out the digital economy. This book is a thought-provoking read for the generalist and for policy makers seeking a broader perspective on copyright. It will be more relevant to US readers than those in other jurisdictions. The book was republished in 2009 in paperback with an updated preface. Interestingly, the paperback version is priced on Amazon at US$10.85, which is unaccountably US$1.14 cheaper than the digital version available through the Kindle e-book reader. References
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2001
In view of the current socio-economic context, in which innovation is a key driving force for the sustainable development, which challenges are facing education and research to enhance and nurture innovation and better contribute to help developing and exploiting engineering, science and technology? This broad question has motivated the work behind the present work, which reviews the strongest themes of the 3rd International Conference on Technology Policy and Innovation (ICTPI), which was held in Austin, Texas, in August of 1999.
2010
Revistă de teorie şi practică economico-financiară IS S N 1 58 2-62 60 SIBIU, 2010
European Journal of Social Theory, 2000
This essay advances two sets of critical observations about Manuel Castells's suggestion and detailed elaboration of the idea that modern society from the 1980s onwards constitutes a network society and that the unity in the diversity of global restructuring has to be seen in the massive deployment of information and communication technologies in all spheres of modern social life. The criticism attends to the possibility that the emphasis on the social role of information technologies in advanced society amounts to a modern version of `technological determinism'. A discussion of the so-called productivity paradox shows that cultural and social processes rather than technological regimes continue to be more important for the evolution of society.
Technology|Architecture + Design, 2017
Prometheus, 1999
The study of technology and people has gained acceptance as a field for social inquiry, but it has remained outside the mainstream of the major disciplines and is dealt with as an interdisciplinary area of specialization across the social and economic sciences. In addition, this field has been fragmented further by particular technologies and issues, creating journals focused on privacy issues, others focused on education, for example, with a gulf remaining between social scientists on the one hand, and engineers and computer scientists on the other. There are also major regional divides, with academics in one part of the world often knowing little about work underway elsewhere. The world-wide push for technological innovation, therefore, demands that the social sciences build a more intensive and internationally networked effort to sustain research on the social aspects of technology, and bring it to bear on policy and practice. Enthusiasm over the Internet and other emerging techn...
Review of Evolutionary Political Economy, 2021
This lecture discusses technological revolutions and techno-economic paradigms, but with an emphasis on the digital revolution and the digitalization of the economic and society. It draws its inspiration from works of Joseph Schumpeter, Christopher Freeman, and Carlota Perez on long waves of technological development and places the story within the context of global innovation networks. The lecture contends that the digital revolution not only transformed the world we live in but also created new ways to organize networks within it. We are now in second half of the digital (fifth technological) revolution, when the digitalization of the global networked economy prevails, and not at the beginning of Industrie 4.0. On the contrary, this is the period when economic growth drives the use of innovative digital technologies, including ubiquitous computing, robotics, and artificial intelligence, toward a truly digitalized network society.
Journal of Innovation Management
This Fall Issue will discuss about the power of technology and Internet. Innovation is taking place everywhere through new and emerging technologies changing the way we think, live, breathe, travel, and do shopping to name a few areas. Funny enough is that some of us believe that the most important technologies are on the market available to please customers and users, and nothing more important will show up later. We, as humans, systematically underestimate the power of technology and its impact on daily life. There are several well-known quotations from very smart people which have turned ridiculous after some time by basically shifting initial assumptions into market knowledge. Whatever is too expensive and complex today becomes a commodity in no time and shortly after doesn’t bring competitive advantage any longer (the S-curve effect, see e.g Bayus, 1998 or Rogers, 1962, for different explanations). Several notable studies illustrate (like the well cited and used BCG tools) how ...
2016
This report argues that computer-intensive automation (CIAutomation) is likely to change the nature of work and manufacturing value creation in the emerging Platform Economy. The industrial and service changes based on low-cost computation, as they become more generalized, may reverse Robert Gordon’s observations about the slowing growth in productivity. However, the increased adoption of CIAutomation also poses profound dilemmas for society that revolve around whether this automation will be used to solely to replace workers or can be integrated into production of goods and services in ways that augment human capacities and intelligence. Finally, we speculate upon the role of the state in in governing and shaping the emergence of the Platform Economy.
Sociological Inquiry, 2010
Opportunities offered by new technologies, 2021
This study tries to highlight several aspects of the rise in internet users while also presenting an argument for a possible path toward the Information Society. However, individuals who only see a large wall rather than a network of connected people must be highlighted, with an emphasis on equitable education. The multistakeholder approach and international implementation have proven to be a valuable asset in moving the WSIS themes and Action Lines forward. The establishment of the technologies seen in this decade and how much the use had spread in the world are a consequence, therefore, the paper will give an outlook on some solutions to reduce the factor called as “digital divide” and the importance of open-source documents. The paper will additionally underline an outcome of the potential of social media and how they can lead a community of citizens to rise up against political power leading to various confrontations. The most relevant results that came up are an outline of today’s society and how people behave with themselves.
We hear the word information technology and we think we know what it is, we think it is about computers and smartphones, but it is becoming much more than this, as computing converges with biotechnology and nanotechnology with the Internet of Things, cloud computing and smart systems, every type of technology is becoming an information technology. Some talk about disruptive technology, some about the information revolution, either way, there is a profound transformation taking place in our technology landscape. A true revolution that is shaking every industry; that is literally redefining how we understand technology and ourselves. Technology that we once thought of as physical tools and machines is no longer so, as a wave of information that started with personal computing and the internet is breaking out into the real world of physical things. Today information is out of its box and it is redefining our technology landscape. Technology is no longer a one-off object that performs some physical operation, as we network our world placing sensors and actuators in all kinds of objects, technologies are becoming more like systems for executing on algorithms. Phones that just ten years ago were lumps of plastic and electronics with buttons for making calls have become smartphones that are designed to simply run code. Cars are becoming smart cars, whole cities are becoming smart cities with all of this technology increasingly connected up to the cloud where smart systems run analytics, crunching vast amounts of data, learning and feeding it back to the devices to optimize their performance. This paper explores this new wave of information technology that is coming at us at light speed and disrupting every business and industry. We look at the emergence of a new architecture to our technology landscape based around cyber-physical systems and digital platforms. Finally, we discuss the implications of this new set of technologies to society, asking fundamental questions about the rapidly evolving relationship between computers and humans and how to develop this next generation of technologies in a socially sustainable fashion.
Springer eBooks, 2022
Socioeconomic Aspects of Digitalization When Detective Spooner first confronts the CEO of U.S. Robotics, the largest robot manufacturer in the world of I, Robot (Alex Proyas. USA, 2004), he can't help but make a sarcastic comment: "I got an idea for one of your commercials. You can see a carpenter making a beautiful chair, and then one of the robots comes in and makes a better chair, twice as fast. And then you superimpose on the screen: 'USR-shittin' on the little guy.' That would be the fade-out." Currently, there is much speculation about the changes an industry 4.0 would bring, in particular, the production of industrial goods where they are needed, on a data basis provided by internet communication. The basis of industry 4.0 should enable largely self-organizing production. Through the use of highly complex search engines 1 and the interconnectedness of people, machines, logistics and production facilities complex value chains are to be made more efficient and thus-after mechanization through steam engines, mass production through assembly lines and the introduction of computers-a "fourth industrial revolution" is to be initiated. Whether this will actually happen, however, is written in the stars. Disruptive technological innovations of the past have not yet been initiated by political programs and goals, but digitalization may soon enter a new phase that will expand the previous, rather ephemeral character of this technology (its focus on communication and interpretation, but above all data usage for advertising purposes) to 1 The most complex search engine is the software system Watson produced by IBM, which-at least that is what IBM hopes-will one day be used on a large scale as a word and image recognition program.
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