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2023
It must be based on quantum physics that we live in a simulation on a quantum scale. This situation, which comes along with quantum field theory, shows that we live in a virtual life. At the same time, as I mentioned in my article, I made this theory as a result of research, as it is a dimension that human nature cannot perceive.
viXra, 2013
We claim that everything is alive, and that quantum mechanics of U(N) unifies physics and biology.
arXiv (Cornell University), 2022
The question "What is real?" can be traced back to the shadows in Plato's cave. Two thousand years later, René Descartes lacked knowledge about arguing against an evil deceiver feeding us the illusion of sensation. Descartes' epistemological concept later led to various theories of what our sensory experiences actually are. The concept of "illusionism", proposing that even the very conscious experience we haveour qualiais an illusion, is not only a red-pill scenario found in the 1999 science fiction movie "The Matrix" but is also a philosophical concept promoted by modern tinkers, most prominently by Daniel Dennett. He describes his argument against qualia as materialistic and scientific. Reflection upon a possible simulation and our perceived reality was beautifully visualized in "The Matrix", bringing the old ideas of Descartes to coffee houses around the world. Irish philosopher Bishop Berkeley was the father of what has later been coined as "subjective idealism", basically stating that "what you perceive is real" (e.g., "The Matrix" is real because its population perceives it). Berkeley then argued against Isaac Newton's absolutism of space, time, and motion in 1721, ultimately leading to Ernst Mach and Albert Einstein's respective views. Several neuroscientists have rejected Dennett's perspective on the illusion of consciousness, and idealism is often dismissed as the notion that people want to pick and choose the tenets of reality. Even Einstein ended his life on a philosophical note, pondering the very foundations of reality. With the advent of quantum technologies based on the control of individual fundamental particles, the question of whether our universe is a simulation isn't just intriguing. Our ever-advancing understanding of fundamental physical processes will likely lead us to build quantum computers utilizing quantum effects for simulating nature quantum-mechanically in all complexity, as famously envisioned by Richard Feynman. Finding an answer to the simulation question will potentially alter our very definition and understanding of life, reshape theories on the evolution and fate of the universe, and impact theology. No direct observations provide evidence in favor or against the simulation hypothesis, and experiments are needed to verify or refute it. In this paper, we outline several constraints on the limits of computability and predictability in/of the universe, which we then use to design experiments allowing for first conclusions as to whether we participate in a simulation chain. We elaborate on how the currently understood laws of physics in both complete and smallscale universe simulations prevent us from making predictions relating to the future states of a universe, as well as how every physically accurate simulation will increase in complexity and exhaust computational resources as global thermodynamic entropy increases. Eventually, in a simulation in which the computer simulating a universe is governed by the same physical laws as the simulation and is smaller than the universe it simulates, the exhaustion of computational resources will halt all simulations down the simulation chain unless an external programmer intervenes or isn't limited by the simulation's physical laws, which we may be able to observe. By creating a simulation chain and observing the evolution of simulation behavior throughout the hierarchy taking stock of statistical relevance, as well as comparing various least complex simulations under computability and predictability constraints, we can gain insight into whether our universe is part of a simulation chain.
Human Affairs, 2009
Realism in Context: The Examples of Lifeworld and Quantum Physics Lifeworld realism and quantum-physical realism are taken as experience-dependent conceptions of the world that become objects of explicit reflection when confronted with context-external discourses. After a brief sketch of the two contexts of experience—lifeworld and quantum physics—and their realist interpretations, I will discuss the quantum world from the perspective of lifeworld realism. From this perspective, the quantum world—roughly speaking—has to be either unreal or else constitute a different reality. Then, I invert the perspective and examine the lifeworld from the standpoint of quantumphysical realism. This conception of the lifeworld has gained momentum from new research results in recent decades. Despite its experiential basis, quantum-physical realism bears an ambiguity akin to that of lifeworld realism. While the perspectival inversion serves to highlight the problem, it also contributes to an improved...
The phrase 'artificial life', as interpreted by participants in the first Santa Fe workshop on A-Life, includes not only 'computer simulation', but also 'computer realization'. In the area of artificial intelligence, Searle (1980) has called the simulation school 'weak AI' and the realization school 'strong AI'. The hope of 'strong' artificial life was stated by Langton : 'We would like to build models that are so lifelike that they would cease to be models of life and become examples of life themselves.' Very little has been said at the workshop about how we would distinguish computer simulations from realizations of life, and virtually nothing has been said about how these relate to theories of life, that is, how the living can be distinguished from the non-living. The aim of this chapter is to begin such a discussion.
2021
We take our world to be an objective reality, but is it? The assumption that the physical world exists in and of itself has struggled to assimilate the findings of modern physics for some time now. An objective space and time should just "be", but in our world space contracts and time dilates. Objective things should inherently exist but in our world, electrons are probability of existence smears that spread, tunnel, superpose and entangle in physically impossible ways. Cosmology now adds that our universe just popped out of nothing about 14 billion years ago. This is not how an objective reality should behave!
2017.09.18 Biological Life is a purely quantum phenomenon., 2017
The primary quantum basis of biological life is found. The process of the origin of life is restored.
Physics Essays, 2013
This simplified study draws the following conclusions. We might live in a many emulations version of many worlds quantum theory, which is sketched here and called many emulations quantum theory, constituting a theory of everything. From here quantum randomness and quantum probabilities might emerge. Probabilities could be extremely slightly different than in traditional quantum theory. It is explained why physical laws, i.e., quantum rules, could be identical here as they are far away. V
International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2016
Aim of this paper is to provide a scheme for the construction of a conceptual, virtual machine (the term has here a significance analogous to that of the Turing machine, i.e., a formal device which manipulates and evolves 'states'), able to perform all that living matter -as distinguished from inert matter -can do and inanimate matter cannot, in a setting consistent exclusively with the quantum laws. In other words, the objective is to create a theoretical construct, in the form of a conceptual framework representing and providing the operational tools of a "Life Machine". Through a famous series of lectures at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies in 1943, published a year later as What is Life? Schrödinger [1] had a major impact on the development of twentieth century biology, especially upon Crick and Watson [2] and other founders of molecular biology and on a generation of physicists and chemists who were later engaged to serve biology. Schrödinger was not breaking new ground, but he rather gathered together several strands of research and stated his questions in a terse and provocative manner. In the decades to follow, knowledge about the protein and nucleic acid basis of living systems continued to be obtained at an accelerating rate, with the sequencing of the human genome as a major landmark along this path of discovery. The self-replicating DNA has thus become a major metaphor for understanding all of life. A fond tribute to the memory of David Finkelstein.
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2010
Quantum theory is the most successful physical theory. About one third of the gross national product in the developed countries results from its applications. But very often quantum theory is still declared as "crazy" or "not understandable". However, quantum theory has a clear mathematical structure that expresses well-known experiences from every day life: A whole is often more than the
Here two viewpoints on quantum mechanics are reviewed: (a) it is purely formulas for calculations and predictions vs. (b) the formulas describe the behavior of real physical objects. What makes the latter a challenge to accept is such objects would not fall easily within the common paradigm of materialism-particles moved around by forces as governed by cause and effect. If it is accepted, also including consciousness in the quantum field becomes a relatively small addition that can help build quantum-neurological models of conscious experience.
2018
Chapter 16 Quantum Theories of Consciousness Paavo Pylkkänen "…quantum consciousness theory offers not just a solution to the mind-body problem, or additionally, to the nature of life and of time… And it does not just solve the Agent-Structure and Explanation-Understanding problems, or explain quantum decision theory's success in predicting otherwise anomalous behavior. What the theory offers is all of these things and more, and with them a unification of physical and social ontology that gives the human experience a home in the universe. With its elegance … comes not just extraordinary explanatory power, but extraordinary meaning, which at least this situated observer finds utterly lacking in the classical worldview. … I hope I have given you reason to suspend your belief that we really are just classical machines, and thus to suspend your disbelief in quantum consciousness long enough to try assuming it in your work. If you do, perhaps you will find your own home in the universe too" (Alexander Wendt, Quantum Mind and Social Science, 2015: 293).
NeuroQuantology, 2015
Life is a series of experiences and responses woven in the chain of causality that builds the knowledge system in the universe, a complex system altogether. When we observe the subatomic system or the quantum field, the very act of measurement perturbs the quantum field within. The interaction produces change in the ground state of the quantum field. The mind field is treated as the quantum field as envisaged by various eminent scientists. The theory of perturbation helps us to compute the amount of energy change in the form of unitary time evolution operator followed by the Hamiltonian of the system. The Linear Response Theory helps us to compute not only the amount of energy responsible for the perturbation but to estimate the probable responses from such quantum field of the mind subjected to the perturbation. Thus the continuous series of measurements, perturbations and responses build the chain of causality within the mind field itself to perceive the continuity of the life. We will see in this attempt; the formulation of functionality of mind field part, identity of the observer, kind of observable, the process of realization of being experienced and null state of the mind.
Integral Review, 2023
The idea that the key to life might be a quantum process is not new. Niels Bohr, Erwin Schrödinger, and Werner Heisenberg found signs of life at the quantum level. What they saw was useful, but not enough to solve the mystery of how life works. Two recent interpretations of quantum mechanics add new pieces to the puzzle: Quantum states act the same as what biologists call "anticipation" when the future possibilities of superposition states influence the outcome. And quantum wave function collapse acts the same way as what biologists call "purposeful actions" when a choice is made. This paper, the first in the series, “Opening Doors to a Quantum Theory of Life” (ODQTL), explores in detail the above two properties that are traditionally seen by biologists as being unique to life. In fact, many surprising traits of life are present at the quantum level. The idea that quanta might be alive is explored and shown to be a valid interpretation.
This paper reviews some of the alternatives to physical realism that have been proposed. It originated from an online discussion with Tom Campbell and John Ringland.
2020
This work suggests a possible way to shed light on how our universe functions by assuming that we are in a five-dimension universe (or more). Although the five-dimensional Randell-Sundrum model avoids the necessity to consider all current scientific theories, this five-dimensional universe hypothesis is more natural and much simpler.
BioSystems, 2002
It is hypothesised, following that quantum physics is not the ultimate theory of nature, but merely a theoretical account of the phenomena manifested in nature under particular conditions. These phenomena parallel cognitive phenomena in biosystems in a number of ways and are assumed to arise from related mechanisms. Quantum and biological accounts are complementary in the sense of Bohr and quantum accounts may be incomplete. In particular, following ideas of Stapp, 'the observer' is a system that, while lying outside the descriptive capacities of quantum mechanics, creates observable phenomena such as wave function collapse through its probing activities. Better understanding of such processes may pave the way to new science.
This book is dedicated to Arun's baby daughter, Arshia, who
Arxiv preprint arXiv:1109.2584, 2011
The rapidly increasing interest in the quantum properties of living matter stimulates a discussion of the fundamental properties of life as well as quantum mechanics. In this discussion often concepts are used that originate in philosophy and ask for a philosophical analysis. In the present work the classic philosophical tradition based on Aristotle and Aquinas is employed which surprisingly is able to shed light on important aspects. Especially one could mention the high degree of unity in living objects and the occurrence of thorough qualitative changes. The latter are outside the scope of classical physics where changes are restricted to geometrical rearrangement of microscopic particles. A challenging approach is used in the philosophical analysis as the empirical evidence is not taken from everyday life but from 20th century science (quantum mechanics) and recent results in the field of quantum biology. In the discussion it is argued that quantum entanglement is possibly related to the occurrence of life. Finally it is recommended that scientists and philosophers should be open for dialogue that could enrich both. Scientists could redirect their investigation, as paradigm shifts like the one originating from philosophical evaluation of quantum mechanics give new insight about the relation between the whole en the parts. Whereas philosophers could use scientific results as a consistency check for their philosophical framework for understanding reality.
Zygon�, 2006
I review some characteristic aspects of quantum reality and make the connection to Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's vision and a generally new quantum perspective of biological evolution. The quantum phenomena make it possible to conclude that the basis of the material world is nonmaterial; that the nature of reality is that of an indivisible wholeness; and that elementary particles possess aspects of consciousness in a rudimentary way. The quantum perspective of evolution makes it possible to conclude that the emergence of complex order in the biosphere is not from nothing (ex nihilo) but by the actualization of virtual quantum states-that is, by actualizing empty states which are part of the mathematical structure of material systems, representing a logical order that is not real in a material sense but, predetermined by system conditions, has the potential to become real in quantum jumps. I show how the existence of virtual states makes it possible to suggest that a transcendent reality underlies the visible order of the world and is immanent to it; and constantly new forms evolve from it.
Quantum physics is the study of the behavior of matter and energy at the molecular, atomic, nuclear, and even smaller microscopic levels. In the early 20th century, it was discovered that the laws that govern macroscopic objects do not function the same in such small realms. "Quantum" comes from the Latin meaning "how much." It refers to the discrete units of matter and energy that are predicted by and observed in quantum physics. Even space and time, which appear to be extremely continuous, have smallest possible values. In the realm of quantum physics, observing something actually influences the physical processes taking place. Light waves act like particles and particles act like waves (calledwave particle duality). Matter can go from one spot to another without moving through the intervening space (called quantum tunnelling). Information moves instantly across vast distances. In fact, in quantum mechanics we discover that the entire universe is actually a series of probabilities. Fortunately, it breaks down when dealing with large objects, as demonstrated by the Schroedinger's Cat thought experiment.
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