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2024, Religions
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Religion, 2017
Beginning with a definition of the sacred as a twofold process of making things special, which consists of accentuation and affiliation, this essay proceeds to argue that things are made sacred in devotional piety and in fine art in parallel ways that configure images within webs of agents. The two kinds of imagery perform in practices of sacralization that move toward different ends. The production of aura is at work in each case, but operates with distinct aims. The essay then presents a historical account of fine art as a modern development tied to the rise of the nation-state, in which secularization extended to making art independent of religious institutions and patrons, allowing it to develop in a way that should be distinguished from devotional imagery. This does not mean that religion withers in the modern era, but that art developed its own mode of sacralization.
Imago. A Journal of the Social Imaginary, 2022
The aim of the text is to develop the interest which advanced modernity still retains in the sacred and imaginaries albeit transforming them, making them more fluid and adaptable to the most varied uses. On one hand, the sacred connotes not only "the transcendent sacred" but also "the everyday sacred". On the other, imageries in advanced modernity reappear as techno-imageries, the potency of whose imagery increases the magic of complex machines, referring to other universes and creating their own topography which recalls the "elsewheres" and "hereafters" of their usual loci. Today it is "the everyday sacred" and the creativity of computers which fulfill the functions performed by myths, traditions and literature in the past.
Bulletin of Spanish Studies
My choice of subject-the garland paintings of the Flemish Jesuit Daniel Seghers-may seem unusual given the volume's focus. But, without denying the paramount importance of national parameters in matters cultural, "imaginary matters" are normally dynamically cross-cultural, not least in the visual arts and not least in the Spanish composite monarchy, where the cultural production of its constituent parts circulated beyond frontiers-facilitated, as I shall suggest here, by the transnational aesthetic of the Baroque. (And indeed in this case, also by the international networks of the Jesuits.) So in exploring this Flemish artist, I want to suggest that his garlands are an epitome of the Baroque to a strikingly unusual degree, and that it is precisely their deep-rootedness in the prevailing modes of thought, perception and representation of the period that accounts for their popularity across Europe, and across confessional divides. Like the Baroque itself, I will propose that Seghers' world is pied, and I will use this notion to explore his compositions, their flowers, and their understated yet powerful dialectical play with binary opposites. In sum, my aim is to explore Seghers' garlands as Baroque microcosms, for in them is found the Baroque in miniature, because in its most characteristic form: the pied. Seghers was born in Antwerp in 1590. His widowed mother, who had converted to Calvinism, took him to live in Holland in the early 1600s. By 1611, and back in Antwerp, he was apprenticed to Jan Brueghel, and during his apprenticeship he reconverted to Catholicism. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1614, and took his vows as a temporal coadjutor in 1625. After being sent to Rome to study as an artist from 1625-27, he then lived most of his life in the Casa Professa in Antwerp, dying in 1661. 1 Brueghel had painted the first garlands around a sacred image for Cardinal Borromeo, who noted in 1626 that he used real fruit and flowers as devotional aids to centre prayer on God's creation, but that in winter he used still-life paintings for the same end. 2 This format-a garland, painted by Brueghel, encircling an image painted by another artist such as Rubens, Hendrik van Balen or Giulio Cesare Procaccini, a format emulated by Seghers in his garland encircling the Triumph of Love by Domenichino (c1625-27; Louvre)-was developed by the Jesuit into an even more influential variant: festoons and bouquets placed around a cartouche, at the centre of which is an image (whether a painting, statue, bust or bas-relief) in a niche. 3 (Seghers also painted vases of flowers and festoons hanging from ribbons.) As with Brugehel, the central image within the cartouche was painted by another artist, but Seghers appears generally to have had oversight of the whole, and one might surmise therefore that it was often his decision as to which artists to work with, and what the image within the cartouche was to represent. (It is seems likely that Seghers himself painted the cartouches. 4) The bulk of his garlands frame religious subjects; a tiny number, portraits; and some survive with the niche never having been filled. The most typical image is of the Virgin and Child, the flowers both constituting a form of hortus conclusus and linking these works with devotional images popular since medieval times, not least in the Low Countries. 5
Picturing Mary: Woman, Mother, Idea., 2014
Catalogue of an exhibition held at the National Museum of Women in the Arts, 5 December 2014 to 12 April 2015. Ed. Timothy Verdun. Essays by Melissa R. Katz, Amy G. Remensyder, and Miri Rubin. New York: Scala Art Publishers, 2014.
Annals of Tourism Research, 2002
Cambridge University Press 2001 £45.00 $74.95 (h) £16.95 $24.95 (p) 384 pp. 56 mono illus isbn 0-521-58145-1 (h) 0-521-79441-2 (p)
2015
Seeing the Sacred is a multidisciplinary arts project exploring the purposes of sacred art and its relationship with community identity. The project highlights three common purposes of sacred art: to represent a worldview, to express identities as members of a community, and to connect with something bigger than ourselves. This Capstone Experience/Thesis Project developed through an intersection of three primary interests: visual art, community engagement, and religious studies. This project includes an overview of the CE/T's origins and evolution, a written analysis of research goals and experiences, a review of relevant literature, a series of related artwork, and a collaborative community art project. The analysis details the development of those research interests, objectives, and questions, and the completion of the final project.
Dimitrios Yatromanolakis, ed., An Archaeology of Representations: Ancient Greek Vase-Painting and Contemporary Methodologies (Institut du Livre, Athens), 2009
The Sacred Heart Cathedral Bendigo, 2023
A discussion of the universality of sacred symbolism with particular reference to the Gothic Cathedral. Taken from a larger study of the Sacred Heart Cathedral of Bendigo, Australia.
Reflections on the Sacred , 2021
Reflections on the Sacred - a comparative phenomenological religious studies seminar, at Engelsberg November 2021. The subject of special interest to the seminar is the sacred and the meaning it carries in various cultures and settings for the individual. How is meaning and the purpose of life created and perceived from a comparative perspective in different cultures? What is perceived as sacred and holy in the sense Rudolf Otto conceived religion as das ganz andere in present day? How do different ontologies, basic assumptions about the human existence, compare and influence the perception of the sacred and give rise to meaning in different cultures and cultural settings? Max Weber claimed that with the entzauberung der Welt, the influence of religious ideas did not disappear. His thesis implies that religion is a kind of matrix that can transform itself in an explicitly secular, but quasi- religious fashion. To what extent can it be said that modern societies and ideologies carry with them essentially religious/spiritual forms and structures and therefore purport basic assumptions about reality? How do we distinguish between the truly secular and the sacred in today’s world? Capitalism, socialism, and the green ecological movements are in this sense obvious objects of study were remnants of thought-patterns from a Christian eschatology seems to echo from notions of paradise lost to apocalyptic ideas about the end of the world. The conference is organised in order to reappraise and revitalise the discipline of History of Religions and also make it more relevant for understanding our contemporary society.
2018
The aim of the volume is a comparative study of non-European pilgrimages under different historical conditions and changing power relations. Historic transformations but also continuities in organization, bodily and spiritual experience, as well as individual and collective motives are discussed. Written by an interdisciplinary group of authors, their various disciplinary perspectives offer insight into the differences in methods, theoretical reflections and the use and meanings of objects in ritual performances. The construction of sacred spaces as landscapes of imagination reflects a wide range of meaning in regard of the growing complexity and social dynamism in times of postmodernity. Keywords: Interdisciplinary approach; non-European pilgrimages; transformation and continuity; theories of pilgrimage studies Ziel des Bandes ist eine vergleichende Analyse außereuropäischer Pilgerreisen unter verschiedenen historischen Bedingungen und Machtverhältnissen. Untersucht werden historische Transformationsprozesse, aber auch Kontinuitäten bezüglich der Organisation, der körperlichen und spirituellen Erfahrungen sowie der individuellen und kollektiven Motive der Pilger. Die interdisziplinäre Zusammensetzung der Autoren vermittelt Einblicke in unterschiedliche Methoden, theoretische Reflektionen sowie den Gebrauch und die Bedeutung von Objekten in rituellen Performances. Die Konstruktion von heiligen Orten als Landschaften der Imagination reflektiert eine große Vielfalt an Bedeutungen in Bezug auf die komplexen und dynamischen Prozesse im Zeitalter der Postmoderne.
This event, dedicated to the memory of Philip Sherrard, on the occasion of the twenty years from his death, will focus on various aspects of the always interesting topic of the sacred in life and art. The workshop tackles questions related to the notion of the sacred in the 21 st century, in life and art. The Sacred here is approached in the context of the many layers of the concept of the mystery, such as what we cannot fully understand, what is beyond us, the perception of the divine in religious discourse, the mystery of artistic creation, and the challenge of scientific research. Our event is intended as an occasion for presentation of work in progress, an exchange of ideas and perspectives as well as an opportunity for intercultural, intergenerational and interdisciplinary dialogue. We are becoming increasingly aware that the forms of our life and art — of our modern civilization generally — have over the last few centuries been characterized by the progressive loss of precisely that sense which gives virtually all other civilizations and cultures of the world their undying luster and significance: the sense of the sacred. In fact, the concept of a completely profane world — of a cosmos wholly desacralized — is a fairly recent invention of the western mind, and only now are we beginning to realize the appalling consequences of trying to order and mould our social, personal and creative life in obedience to its dictates. It is not even too much to say that we are also beginning to realize that unless we can reinstate the sense of the sacred at the heart of all our activities there can be no hope of avoiding the cosmic catastrophe for which we are heading.
Body and Religion
Imagery, Ritual, and Birth: Ontology Between the Sacred and the Secular by A. Hennessey, foreword by R. E. Davis Floyd (2019) Lanham: Lexington Books, xxi + 195pp., 35 figures
Religions , 2019
You enter a church-let us say it is a traditional Orthodox Church setting-to attend a church service. Immediately, you find yourself immersed in a profoundly aesthetic environment, which evokes a variety of rich sensory experiences. You smell incense, the clouds of which fill the space of the church, infused alongside the scent of the burning wax from the candles. You listen to the chanting. You see richly decorated priestly vestments, in white, red, green, gold visually resonating with the colorful paintings-icons-on the iconostasis and on the walls. Toward the end of the service, if you are a believer and an active member of the Church, you taste the Eucharist-you eat the bread and wine-the flesh and blood of Christ.
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, 2014
Things are not only what they are; they constantly pass beyond themselves, and give more than they have.-Jacques Maritain At the center of the Christian world, at least according to most medieval mappa mundi, is the cross. In these images, X marks the spot, the axis that orients the world. By the later Middle Ages in Europe, the cross was the sacred object par excellence: it circulated as relics and representations, was performed in blessings, extolled in poems and sermons, evoked in prayers of healing and protection, and venerated in ceremonies such as creeping to the cross on Good Friday. 1 An instrument of torture turned sign of redemption, medieval explanations of its special status reflect upon how its very ordinary materiality was imbued with and transformed by sacred power, an issue at the center of this special issue. A passage from "The Exaltation of the Cross" in William Caxton's fifteenth-century printing of the Golden Legend opens by describing the process that transformed a "tre of fylthe" into a sacred object: Þe tree of the crosse was a tre of fylthe / for þe crosses were made of vile trees: and of trees without fruyt: for all that was planted on the mount of caluarie bare no frute. It was a fowl place / for it was the place of þe torment of theuis: It was derk for it was in a derke place and wythout bewté / It was the tree of deth / for men weren put there to deth. It was also the tree of stenche / for it was planted amonge the caroynes / and after the passion the crosse was moche enhaunced / for the vylté was transported in to pre
Symmetry: Culture and Science, 2019
Can the history of sacred architecture be summarized in universal principles? They would need to be ones to which the builders of early Christian basilicas, Gothic cathedrals, and baroque chapels could accede. In previous ages, these principles were tacitly understood and did not need to be articulated. In this paper, I propose five universal principles that apply to sacred architecture of all times, all places, and all styles, with examples from the great buildings of history and my own creative work. I also propose that while fundamental to the revival of sacred architecture, they are not a formula, and must still be applied by a talented architect.
Goat on the Mountain, Moon in the Sky, Fish in the Water, 2023
Reflections on Rezzan Gümgüm's exhibition entitled Goat on the Mountain, Moon in the Sky, Fish in the Water hosted by Depo İstanbul
“Figures and Forms of Ultimacy: Manifestation and Proclamation as Paradigms of the Sacred” , 2011
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