Ritalin abuse and its complications

2019

Armaghane Danesh Bimonthly Journal, 2016

> ʅ ʇ ɳ> ʈ < ɳ> ʆ ɷɳ ʇɷʈ> 20 ʇɷ < 12 ɳ < 1394) ɷ> ʇɷ 107 (@ɷɳ > ɷ> @ ʈ ʆ @ ʄ ɳ @ ʆ>ɷ @ ʇɷʈ> ʀ ɳ> ʆ ɷɳ 20 ʇɷ ʀ 12 ʀ ɳ 1394) ɷ> ʇɷ 107 (

2015

1 هورگ کشزپناور ،ی اد کشزپ مولع هاگشن ی و تشادهب تامدخ ی نامرد ی نارهت ناریا ،نارهت ، . 2 هورگ ،يریگشیپ و یعامتجا یکشزپ هاگشناد کشزپ مولع ی تشادهب تامدخ و ی نامرد ی نارهت ، ناریا ،نارهت . 3 هورگ یسانشناور ، نامتراپد یناور یسنج ، ب ی ناتسرام صصخت ی کشزپ ناور ی هبزور .ناریا ،نارهت ، 4 هورگ ور سانشنا ی ینیلاب ، کشزب مولع هاگشناد ی تشادهب تامدخ و ی نامرد ی نارهت .ناریا ،نارهت ، 5 شزومآ هسسوم لاع ی ملع ی دربراک ي ناریا للاه .ناریا ،نارهت ، 6 لاوحا تبث نامزاس ،نامرد و تشادهب زکرم روشک .ناریا ،نارهت ، 7 هورگ سانشناور ی لاب ی ن ی ، ب ی ناتسرام هش ناکدوک ی د رنهاب سا زربلا نات ،زربلا ، .ناریا * :لوئسم هدنسیون نارهت ، بونج رگراک نابایخ ی ، ناتسرامیب صصخت ی کشزپ ناور ی هبزور نفلت : 55419151-021 E-mail: karamghadiri@gmail.com فده و هنیمز : ی ک ی لاتبم رد لومعم تلاکشم زا ی نا رکف ساوسو للاتخا هب ي لمع ی ، سنج درکلمع للاتخا ی .تسا طم فده علا ه سررب ،رضاح ی ا ی ن طابترا دوب . :یسررب شور تکرش ا رد ناگدننک ی ن صوت هعلاطم ی ف ی عطقم ی ، 56 ب ی رام ساوسو ی لهاتم ) 36 و نز 20 هنماد رد (درم نس ی 50 18 ه...

research on addiction, 2011

Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Background and purpose: Methotrexate as a chemotherapy drug causes chronic liver damage, infiltration of neutrophils, oxidative stress, and direct renal tubular damage. Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on eliminating the liver and kidney toxicity of methotrexate. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 32 rats were divided into 4 groups. Group I (control) was given regular diet. Group II received single-dose methotrexate. Group III received methotrexate + a single dose quercetin and the last group (positive control) received methotrexate + a single dose silymarin. After five days, blood samples were taken and the serum GOT, GPT, ALP, Cr, urea and antioxidant capacity of plasma were measured. Some parts of liver and kidney were removed to measure the liver and kidney SOD, MDA, catalase activity and histopathological studies. Results: Serum GOT, GPT, ALP, Cr, and liver and kidney MDA were significantly higher (P<0.05) in group II, compared with those of the control group. These parameters significantly decreased (P<0.05) in group III. Compared to the control group, antioxidant capacity of plasma, activity of the liver and kidney SOD, catalase and serum urea decreased significantly in group II (P<0.05). Administration of quercetin significantly increased these parameters (P<0.05) and decreased hepatic and renal lymphocyte infiltration. Conclusion: According to the results, administration of quercetin could have a protective role in preventing liver and renal toxicity induced by methotrexate which could be due to its antioxidant property.

Contemporary Psychology Biannual Journal of the Iranian Psychological Association, 2012

In recent years, psychologists and psychiatrists in the field of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder have been researching for measurement of validity and efficiency of psycho educational interventions and drug treatments. In this regard, meta-analysis integrates the results of different studies, then determine the effect size of method`s of treatments.This study wants to study the effective rate of psycho educational interventions and drug treatmens on reducing ADHD symptoms, with following of meta-analysis model. So 46 Studies which were methodology accepted were selected and meta-analysis was done on it. The research tool was meta-analysis check list. study findings showed the rate of effect size of psycho educational intervention on reducing ADHD symptoms were 0/54, on ADD was 0/48, on Hyperactivity was 0/59 and the rate of effect size of drug treatments was 0/76. So it was gathered the effect size of drug treatments are more than psychological intervention.

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 2008

Cloninger, C. R. (1987). A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants.

Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences

Background & objectives: Considering the importance of liver toxicity due to drugs and toxins as a major cause of liver damage, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the combination of cinnamon and ginger extracts on serum biochemical parameters in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated rats. Methods: In this experimental study, forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups (n=6). Three control groups including normal control, combined extract control and damaged control were designated that received distilled water, a mixture of cinnamon and ginger extracts and distilled water respectively for 14 days. Other 4 groups were pre-treatment groups which were treated with cinnamon (50 mg/kg/d), ginger (250 mg/kg/d), cinnamon + ginger (25+125 mg/kg/d) and silymarin (100 mg/kg/d) respectively for 14 days before being damaged by intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4 (1 ml/kg, 1:1 in olive oil). Fifty-two hours after CCl4 injection, blood sampling was performed and biochemical parameters were measured in serum of rats. Results: The results of this study showed that the injection of CCl 4 significantly increased the ALT and AST enzymes activity ,cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels and decreased the blood albumin and HDL levels in damaged rats compared to the normal control group (p<0.001). However, pre-treatment with the cinnamon and ginger extracts, especially combination of extracts significantly improved these values compared to the CCl 4 damage group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that simultaneous use of cinnamon and ginger extracts has more significant protective effects against CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity.

Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery, 2014

زمینه و هدف: مداخلات الکتروفیزیولوژیک یکی از جدیدترین روش‌های تشخیص و درمان دیس‌ریتمی‌ها هستند که می‌توانند همانند دیگر روش‌های تهاجمی موجب اضطراب بیماران گردند. اضطراب از این جهت حائز اهمیت است که می تواند باعث کاهش اثربخشی مداخله گردد؛ لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان اضطراب بیماران تحت مداخلات تشخیصی و درمانی الکتروفیزیولوژیک و شناسایی عوامل فردی و بالینی مرتبط با آن صورت گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی که به صورت مقطعی انجام شد، 72 نفر از بیماران در انتظار مداخلات تشخیصی و درمانی الکتروفیزیولوژیک بستری در بیمارستان دکتر حشمت شهر رشت به روش تدریجی از اردیبهشت تا مرداد ماه سال 1392 انتخاب و وارد مطالعه شدند. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از ابزاری 2 بخشی شامل پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی– بالینی و ابزار اضطراب و افسردگی بیمارستانی (فقط بخش اضطراب این ابزار) به روش مصاحبه و مشاهده یافته های ثبت شده در پرونده در محدوده زمانی 5-3 ساعت قبل از مداخله الکتروفیزیولوژی گردآوری شدند. یافته ها: بین میانگین نمره اضطراب نمونه ها با جنسیت ارتباط معناداری وجود داشت و میانگین اضطراب در ...