Trends in Student Aid, 2011. Trends in Higher Education Series

College Board, 2014

See the Trends in Higher Education website at trends.collegeboard.org for the figures and tables in this report and for more information and data. About the College Board The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of over 6,000 of the world's leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success-including the SAT ® and the Advanced Placement Program ®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators, and schools. For further information, visit www.collegeboard.org. Trends in Higher Education The Trends in Higher Education publications include the annual Trends in College Pricing and Trends in Student Aid reports and the Education Pays series, along with How College Shapes Lives and other research reports and topical analysis briefs. These reports are designed to provide a foundation of evidence to strengthen policy discussions and decisions. The tables supporting all of the graphs in this report, a PDF version of the report, and a PowerPoint file containing individual slides for all of the graphs are available on our website trends.collegeboard.org.

The Spencer Foundation was established in 1972 through the gift of Lyle Spencer and supports research about education. The Foundation currently funds individual investigators to pursue important research projects regarding educational issues. Traditionally the majority of grantees have been affiliated with academic departments in colleges and universities, the remainder being principally employed in schools of education. Lumina Foundation for Education, an Indianapolis-based private foundation, strives to help people achieve their potential by expanding access to and success in education beyond high school. Through grants for research, innovation, communication, and evaluation, as well as policy education and leadership development, Lumina Foundation addresses issues that affect access and educational attainment among all students, especially underserved student groups such as minorities, students from low-income families, first-time college-goers, and working adults. The Foundation believes postsecondary education is one of the most beneficial investments individuals can make in themselves and that a society can make in its people. The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,400 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves seven million students and their parents, 23,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges through major programs and services in college admissions, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT ® , the PSAT/NMSQT ® , and the Advanced Placement Program ® (AP ®). The College Board is committed to the principles of excellence and equity, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns. Disclaimer In all of its book publishing activities, the College Board endeavors to present the works of authors who are well qualified to write with authority on the subject at hand and to present accurate and timely information. However, the opinions, interpretations, and conclusions of the authors are their own and do not necessarily represent those of the College Board or the other project sponsors, or their offices or employees. Nothing contained herein should be assumed to represent an official position of the College Board or any of its members.

College Board, 2014

See the Trends in Higher Education website at trends.collegeboard.org for the figures and tables in this report and for more information and data. About the College Board The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of over 6,000 of the world's leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success-including the SAT ® and the Advanced Placement Program ®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators, and schools. For further information, visit www.collegeboard.org. Trends in Higher Education The Trends in Higher Education publications include the annual Trends in College Pricing and Trends in Student Aid reports and the Education Pays series, along with How College Shapes Lives and other research reports and topical analysis briefs. These reports are designed to provide a foundation of evidence to strengthen policy discussions and decisions. The tables supporting all of the graphs in this report, a PDF version of the report, and a PowerPoint file containing individual slides for all of the graphs are available on our website trends.collegeboard.org.

College Board, 2013

The College Board is a mission-driven not-for-profit organization that connects students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the College Board was created to expand access to higher education. Today, the membership association is made up of over 6,000 of the world's leading educational institutions and is dedicated to promoting excellence and equity in education. Each year, the College Board helps more than seven million students prepare for a successful transition to college through programs and services in college readiness and college success-including the SAT ® and the Advanced Placement Program ®. The organization also serves the education community through research and advocacy on behalf of students, educators and schools. For further information, visit www.collegeboard.org. Trends in Higher Education The Trends in Higher Education publications include the Trends in College Pricing, Trends in Student Aid, and Education Pays series in addition to How College Shapes Lives: Understanding the Issues and other research reports and topical analysis briefs published periodically. These reports are designed to provide a foundation of evidence to strengthen policy discussions and decisions. In addition to the figures and tables included in this report, more information and data can be found on the Trends in Higher Education website: trends.collegeboard.org

2003

Highlights supplement family and student payments over the decade from 2002-03 to 2012-13, making higher education financially accessible. Increases in total funds are important indicators of the resources being devoted to student assistance. But these figures may create an overly optimistic view of the benefits available to individual students because they do not account for increases in the number of students enrolled in postsecondary education.

College Board, 2017

The sources of the grant aid supporting students have changed over time. In 2006-07, 43% of all grant aid came from the colleges and universities in which students enrolled and 28% came from the federal government. With the sharp increase in federal grants during the Great Recession, the federal share peaked at 44% in 2010-11, and the institutional share fell to 35%. But since then, institutional grant aid has increased rapidly, as both enrollment and federal grant aid have declined. In 2016-17, institutions provided 47% of all grant aid to postsecondary students. The impact of this $58.7 billion tuition discount is best understood in the context of the increases in published prices reported in Trends in College Pricing 2017. Trends in Student Aid 2017 reveals a continuing decline in annual education borrowing, which fell (in inflation-adjusted dollars) in 2016-17 for the sixth consecutive year. Federal education loans per FTE undergraduate student followed the same pattern, but the average amount borrowed by graduate students increased for the second year in a row-to $17,710, almost four times as high as the $4,620 in federal loans per undergraduate student.

College Board, 2015

As the nation slowly emerges from the Great Recession, the patterns of student aid are returning to the paths they were on before the economy crashed. The federal government, which dramatically stepped up its subsidies to students in 2009-10 and 2010-11, continues to play an expanded role, but not a growing role. Students continue to borrow at levels that are high by historical standards, but that represent a retreat from the soaring debt levels of a few years ago. New data allow a clear focus on the characteristics of students who are most at risk from debt. As Trends in Student Aid 2015 documents, those who do not graduate are particularly vulnerable. Older, independent students, those who take longer to earn their degrees, African-American students, and those who attend for-profit institutions accumulate more debt than others.

College Board, 2016

Estimated figures represent best approximations and are updated each year as additional information becomes available. Nonfederal Loans: Estimates for 2011-12 through 2015-16 are based on data provided by the Consumer Bankers Association, MeasureOne, and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Earlier data are based on information provided by lenders supplemented by data from annual reports and from NPSAS 2008. Estimates of institutional lending are based on NPSAS 2008 and 2012, as well as a survey of institutions conducted for the College Board by the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators (NASFAA). Data on loans from states are based on information collected from staff of statesponsored private loan programs or state grant agencies, in addition to NASSGAP.

1995

US Department of …, 1997

This report describes the methods and procedures used for the 1996 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:96). NPSAS:96, which surveyed over 830 postsecondary education institutions and over 34,000 students and parents, included important changes from previous NPSAS studies conducted in 1987, 1990, and 1993 in its sample design and data collection. For example, this current study is the first to use a single-stage institutional sampling design and to select a subsample of students for telephone interviews. It is also the first of the NPSAS studies to take full advantage of extant data maintained in government data files. The introductory chapter describes the background, objectives, methodological issues, and products of the NPSAS:96. In chapter 2, study design and method are summarized. Descriptions and overall outcomes of the stages of data collection are presented in chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents evaluations of procedures used to collect information from institutions, students, and parents, and examines issues related to the quality of data collected. from the Office of Tax Analysis, U.S. Treasury Department also reviewed the report and provided helpful suggestions.