The future for plasma science and technology

International Journal of Nanoscience, 2022

Large amounts of plasma, the universe's fourth most common kind of stu®, may be found across our galaxy and other galaxies. There are four types of matter in the cosmos, and plasma is the most common. By heating the compressed air or inert gases to create negatively and positively charged particles known as ions, electrically neutral particles in their natural state are formed. Many scientists are currently focusing their e®orts on the development of arti¯cial plasma and the possible advantages it may have for humankind in the near future. In the literature, there is a scarcity of information regarding plasma applications. It's the goal of this page to describe particular methods for creating and using plasma, which may be used in a variety of sectors, including electrical, mechanical, chemical and medicinal ones. Creating and using plasma is possible in a variety of settings. Here are a few examples: Production of hydrogen from alcohol. Plasma technology's market value in the medical sector is increasing at a fast rate, which is reducing the discrepancy between the bene¯ts of plasma technology and the cost of the equipment necessary to create and maintain it.

2018

Plasma being the fourth and most abundant form of matter extensively exists in the universe in the inter-galactic regions. It provides an electrically neutral medium of unbound negative and positive charged particles, which has been produced by subjecting air and various other gaseous mixtures to strengthen the electromagnetic field and by heating compressed air or inert gasses for creating negative and positive charged particles known as ions. Nowadays, many researchers are paying attention to the formation of artificial Plasma and its potential benefits for mankind. The literature is sparsely populated with the applications of Plasma. This paper presents specific methods of generation and applications of Plasma, which benefits humankind in various fields, such as in electrical, mechanical, chemical and medical fields. These applications include hydrogen production from alcohol, copper bonding, semiconductor processing, surface treatment, Plasma polymerization, coating, Plasma disp...

2017

Today, the use of plasma technology in production of energy from waste, biomass and coal has become quite widespread in the world due to the unique and outstanding features of plasma. Experimental and theoretical studies have shown that plasma based system in energy production is a promising alternative to classical system in terms of efficiency, environmental and economic aspects. Plasma assisted combustion, gasification and pyrolysis are different methods used in energy production. Considering the plasma technology applications in energy sector, it is widely used in developed countries like Europe and USA for the energy production from the waste and biomass, but plasma is generally preferred in eastern countries like China, Kazakhstan and Russia for plasma coal gasification and plasma assisted coal burning at thermal plant. Different plasma torch systems (AC, DC and RF) used in these applications are seen in the literature. This paper gives an overview on plasma technologies in en...

The textile industry is searching for innovative production techniques to improve the product quality, as well as society requires new finishing techniques working in environmental respect. Plasma surface treatments show distinct advantages, because they are able to modify the surface properties of inert materials, sometimes with environment friendly devices. The advantage of plasma treatments is that the modification turns out to be restricted in the uppermost layers of the substrate, thus not affecting the overall desirable bulk properties. Here, present the plasma, its application, application techniques and recent undergoing development on the use of plasma physics.

Cold gas plasma is used in many industries from aerospace to life sciences for permanent re-engineering of the molecular surface properties of polymers, elastomers, metals and ceramics to provide unique surfaces that do not affect the bulk properties of the material. Examples of applications are: corrosion resistance, etching, enhanced wear resistance, biocompatibility, adhesive bonding, altered wetting properties such as creation of either hydrophobic, oleophobic or hydrophilic surfaces, and providing unique vapor barrier or gas transport properties.

This paper is a review of the current status and potential of atmospheric plasma technology for materials processing. The main focus is the recent developments in the area of dielectric barrier discharges with emphasis in the functionalization of polymers, deposition of organic and inorganic coatings, and plasma processing of biomaterials. A brief overview of both the equipment being used and the physicochemical reactions occurring in the gas phase is also presented. Atmospheric plasma technology offers major industrial, economic, and environmental advantages over other conventional processing methods. At the same time there is also tremendous potential for future research and applications involving both the industrial and academic world.

2018

The interaction of plasmas and materials has a long history in the modification of condensed matter. Plasma-material interaction (PMI) can govern how low-temperature and high-temperature plasmas interact and modify materials surfaces. In magnetic fusion devices, PMI can also influence the operation of the fusion device. For example, incident energetic charged particle on fusion wall material surfaces can release target atoms via sputtering and can implant fuel particles in the lattice. Implanted energetic particles can mix fuel and influence recycling of fuel back to the plasma. Sputtered target atoms can become ionized in the magnetic sheath and re-deposit at the wall surface. The magnetic sheath will influence the energy and angular distribution of incident energetic particles and influence the implantation and release of fusion fuel.

2005

Researchs on the application of plasma technology in the areas of environment, health, food, agriculture have been conducted in the Laboratory of Atomic and Nuclear Physics Division of Plasma Technology in the Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Diponegoro. This paper reported research results on plasma technology and its applications in these fields that have been carried out in the recent years. Plasma for environmental applications can reduce gas emissions released by motorcycle and vehicle exhausts. This technology can reduce significantly emissions of SOx, COx, and NOx. Non-polluted plasma muffler prototype adaptation has been done in four wheels and more vehicles. Pilot scale improvement has done by integrating reduction system into vehicle muffler from it previous position outside the muffler. High voltage that used to develop plasma condition comes from 12 V 34 A accumulator which connected with electronic equipment and able to develop voltage up to 20kV. Exhaust gases reduction Ability has done by varying engine rotation. Plasma muffler appearance in vehicle doesn't change outside dimension of its original muffler and it reactor placement in muffler has a function to change resonator chamber function and make this muffler still fulfill muffler standardization with more performance in reducing exhaust gases (COx, NOx. HC). Optimal reduction level made at 2200 rpm for COx is 88,52%. for CO is 88,93%, for HC is 97,34% and for NOx at 4800 rpm is 76,19%. In the health sector the ability to plasma technology to kill bacteria is also reported. Bacteria decontamination by using glow discharge corona non-thermal atmospheric plasma has been developed and tested. Plasma was generated in a reactor plasma positive corona with electrodes geometry multi point to plan configuration electrodes. This plasma has been generated in air with threshold corona voltage was 3.0 kV inter electrodes distance was 0.4 cm and current was 1.5 mA. Sterilitizationtest has been done by bacteria Escherichia coli decontamination. In agriculture we use plasma technology to enrich the nitrogen in the compost, and accelerate growth for plant of corn, mustard and mangroves. Acceleration of the growth of mangroves, we found that mangroves can be reduced early growth to have two leaves that usually takes 60 days to 28 days or save time approximately equal to 100%. More resent of our research on ozone production by using silent plasma or Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma (DBDP) and implemented for microbial inactivation in rice has been done. We realized the Ozone Technology for Rice Storage System (OTRISS)

An atmospheric argon plasma jet generated by an original dc double anode plasma torch has been investigated through its electrical and spectroscopic diagnostics. The arc instabilities and dynamic behavior of the argon plasma are analyzed using classical tools such as the statistical method, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and correlation function. The takeover mode is identified as the fluctuation characteristic of the double arc argon plasma jet in our experiment. The FFT and correlation analysis of electrical signals exhibit the only characteristic frequency of 150 Hz, which originates from the torch power and is independent of any change in the operating parameters. No high frequency fluctuations (1-15 kHz) are observed. This indicates that the nature of fluctuations in an argon plasma jet is induced mainly by the undulation of the tri-phase rectified power supply. It is found that each arc root attachment is diffused rather than located at a fixed position on the anode wall. Moreover, the emission spectroscopic technique is performed to determine the electron temperature and number density of the plasma jet inside and outside the arc chamber. Along the torch axis, the measured electron temperature and number density of the double arc argon plasma drop from 12 300 K and 7.6 × 10 22 m −3 at the divergent part of the first anode nozzle, to 10 500 K and 3.1 × 10 22 m −3 at the torch exit. In addition, the validity criteria of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) state in the plasma arc are examined. The results show that the measured electron densities are in good agreement with those calculated from the LTE model, which indicates that the double arc argon plasma at atmospheric pressure is close to the LTE state under our experimental conditions.