탄소급원처리에 의한 기내 더덕 식물체의 비대근 형성
Yong Eui Choi2013, Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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Abstract
In this experiment, we report for the first time mass propagation by in vitro mircrotuberization of Codonopsis lanceolata. We first examined the effect of cytokinins on multiple shoot induction. 2.0 mg•L-1 of kinetin not only gave the highest rate of shoot induction (19.1%) but also the elongation of shoot (17.1 mm). Secondly, we investigated the effect of sugars on in vitro microtuberization from nodal segments. The diameter of tuberous roots was enlarged in the half-strength MS medium supplemented with 145.9 mM sucrose. Histological analysis revealed that the number of parenchymatous cell containing starch grains increased in the tuberous roots. In addition, unlike in non-tuberous root, vascular bundles were scattered inner cortex layer. Thirdly, in order to preserve and stimulate the germination, microtubers were stored at 4℃ refrigerator during 9 months and then transplanted to the artificial soils (vermiculrite : peatmoss = 1:1 v/v), resulting that the rates of survival and germination were 75% and 70%, respectively. These results indicated that mass propagation of C. lanceolata was achieved by in vitro microtuber formation, suggesting that this protocol might be applied for not only the propagation of elite clones but also conservation of C. lanceolata germplasm.
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희귀 수종 미선나무(Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai.)의 기내 증식 및 발근에 미치는 LED (light emitting diode) 효과
Journal of Plant Biotechnology, 2014
This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of light sources and explant types on in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting of a rare and endangered plant Abeliophyllum distichum. Both apical buds and axillary buds were used as explants under 4 different light sources, cool white florescent light (F), 100% blue light-emitting diode (LED) (B), 50% blue and 50% red LED mixture (BR), and 100% red LED (R). Clear difference was observed in terms of shoot proliferation by light sources types but not by position-dependent explant types. Multiple shoot induction rates were enhanced under both B and BR light sources. Spontaneous rooting was induced in shoot induction medium under B light source. Both the rates of rooting and numbers of roots per explant were higher in apical bud explants compared to axillary bud explants. Interestingly R light source stimulated shoot elongation but inhibited root development. Therefore, our results suggest that the use of apical bud explants under B or BR light sources is suitable for in vitro micropropagation of a rare and endangered plant species, Abeliophyllum distichum.
가구 탄소모니터링 시스템에 의한 탄소배출특성 - 세종시 첫마을을 대상으로
Journal of the Korea Institute of Ecological Architecture and Environment, 2013
Korean Government has developed Sejong City as a new administration city. This city of future was planned and designed toward one of the most eco-friendly city on the basis of ICTs. To attain this object, a carbon emission monitoring system (CEMS) was designed and installed as a part of u-city service which provides various information anytime and anywhere to enrich the people's quality of life. In this paper, at first, the structure and functions of CEMS are introduced. This system is consist of 5 parts-data collection from user and linked public DBs, transforming data into meaningful information for the policy makers, system-user interfacing via statistical tables and graphs, and system maintenance. This system can be operated by the citizen participation through whole the process. With the help of GIS map and graphic interface, statistics of monitored data for both citizen and decision maker provided and after feedback , they have affected on the behaviour of citizen's energy consumption and related policy as well. By the CEMS, energy consumption data of 124 agreed households were collected during 9 months in 2012. Electricity, gas and water consumption were remote-metered automatically by the system and analysed. This showed that more than 85% of CO2 emission is rely on electricity usage. Furthermore, number of family members and size of house influences on the emission of CO2 by each household together with the lifestyle of the occupants. Electricity and water consumption showed the seasonal factor while gas consumption represents the number of family members. Even this paper has limitations caused by 9 months of data collection, it shows the policy directions to reduce the emission of CO2 focusing on the house size and number of family members of each households. With the result of this research, lifestyle of the generation of dwellers should be investigated and the CO2 emission characteristics of other housing type as well for the data building for future policy making.
면실 종자의 발아억제를 위한 전처리 조건 연구
Korean Journal of Crop Science, 2013
This research study was to develop methods for inhibiting the germination of cotton seeds. Germination rates after heating treatment at 80℃ with 10, 20, 30, 40 min. were 9.3, 9.3, 5.3 and 1.3 percentage, respectively. Heat treatment over 85℃ with 10 min. caused no germination of cotton seeds. Germination was significantly reduced with gamma rays treatment more than 10,000 gy, while the treatment within 2,000-8,000 gy induced less effects. Microwave processing for 30 seconds and 60 seconds inhibit the germination of cotton seed under 8 and 0%, respectively. As a physical treatment, rollmill milling with 1.5, 2, 2.5 mm gap inhibited any germination of cotton seeds. The optimum gap of roll-mill for processing physical cracking was below 51% of the thickness of seed.
음폐수 이용 혐기성 소화의 내부 pH 조절에 따른 바이오가스 전환율 비교 및 미생물 군집도 분석
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 2013
In this study, the performance and microbial community of anaerobic digestion fed by food waste leachate at low organic loading rate were investigated with and without internal pH control. Experimental results show that similar biogas yield was achieved in both reactors regardless of increase in pH, the concentrations of free ammonia and volatile fatty acids in case of without internal pH controlled one. The results of a methanogenic community analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis revealed that the apparent preponderance of Methanosarcina sp. could be one of reasons for the maintenance of reactor stability.
Responses of Native Trees Species in Korea under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Condition - Open Top Chamber Experiment
Han-gungnongnimgisanghakoeji, 2014
The physiological responses of three common temperate species, Pinus densiflora, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Sorbus alnifolia to elevated CO 2 was investigated using open top chambers with different CO 2 concentrations. Morphological (stomatal size, density and area) and physiological characteristics (maximum rates of photosynthesis, carboxylation and electron transport) were compared among trees grown under ambient, ambient ×1.4 (~550 ppm) and ambient ×1.8 (~700 ppm) CO 2 concentrations for last four years. Morphological responses were different among species. F. rhynchophyllar increased their stomatal size and S. alnifolia had higher stomatal density under elevated CO 2 than ambient. Stomatal area decreased in P. densiflora, whereas it increased in S. alnifolia. However, the maximum photosynthesis rate increased in all species up to 43.5% by S. alnifolia under elevated CO 2 and the enhancement increased with time. Even with four years of exposure to elevated CO 2 , there was no sign of acclimation in the maximum carboxylation rate and the maximum electron transport rates in all species. Especially, S. alnifolia even showed the temporary increase of photosynthetic capacities in spring, when leaf nitrogen concentration was high with new leaf development. There was no significant differences in diameter growth rate in any species due to high variation in their tree sizes, however accumulated diameter and biomass for four years showed significantly increment in all species under elevated CO 2. For example, S. alnifolia showed 59% increase in diameter at the ambient ×1.8 (~700 ppm) compared to ambient.
강원도 해역에 시설된 인공어초의 보존상태
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, 2008
Benzobicyclon 혼합제의 제형 및 처리시기가 제초활성 및 벼 생육에 미치는 영향
CNU Journal of Agricultural Science, 2013
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two different formulations and application timings of benzobicyclon+penoxsulam+pyrzaosulfuron-ethyl (BPP) in rice field. BPP granule (GR) and tablet (TB) controlled more than 90% of four weed species 10 and 15 days after sowing in direct seeding when compared with untreated control. BPP TB was highly effective to control herbicide resistant Scirpus juncoides and Monochoria vaginalis both 10 and 15 days after transplanting (DAT). BPP GR controlled 94.0 and 96.5% of S. juncoides and M. vaginalis, respectively 10 DAT, but its efficacy decreased to 88.5 and 49.8% respectively 15 DAT. When compared with untreated control, no visual injuries were detected at 255 and 510 g a.i./ha of BPP. The yield of rice increased in both BPP GR and TB in transplanting and direct seeding rice cultivation when compared with untreated control. Based on these data, early application (10 DAT) of BPP GR and TB can be applied to provide effective weed control, especially in the field infested with herbicide resistant weed species.
디젤엔진 배출가스 질소산화물 저감을 위한 Solid SCR용 Ammonium Carbonate 중간생성물인 재응고 물질의 분석 연구
Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 2014
Urea solution as a reductant of SCR has been widely used to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engine. But it has lots of problems which are freezing at low temperature due to liquid state, deposition of solid formation in the exhaust, dosing device, and complex package such as mixers for uniform concentration of ammonia. In order to overcome these obstacle, ammonium carbonate which is one of solid ammonium materials to produce ammonia gas directly by sublimation process is considered. Simple reactor with visible widow was designed to predict equilibrium temperature and pressure of ammonium carbonate. To simulate real operation conditions under automobile environment, several cycles of heating and cooling condition were settled, two different re-solidification materials were extracted from the reactor and visible window. Analytical study is performed to characterize these unknown materials by XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FT-IR(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and EA(Elemental Analyzer). From analytical results, re-solidification materials from heating and cooling cycles are very similar to original material of ammonium carbonate.
Effects of ABA, reduced nitrogen source and osmoticum for somatic embryogenesis in Liriodendron tulipifera
Journal of Plant Biotechnology, 2011
This study was conducted to evaluate effects of various kinds or concentrations in abscisic acid (ABA), reduced nitrogen sources (casein hydrolysate, casamino acid and L-glutamine) and osmoticum for production of somatic embryos (SEs) from pro-embryogenic mass (PEM) in yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera). In comparison of various concentrations of ABA, the highest number (640/10 mg PEM) of SEs was marked in the treatment of 0.5 mg/L. With higher concentration than 0.5 mg/L ABA, number of induced SEs were decreased. And the lowest number of SEs were obtained from the treatment of 20 mg/L ABA. Differences of 8 treatments of the nitrogen sources in the medium were also compared. In the experiment of 8 treatments for SEs production, the highest result showed in the treatment of 500 mg/L casamino acid (223/5 mg PEM). In comparison of different kinds/concentrations of osmotica for SEs induction, the best response was obtained from the treatment of 4% sucrose (317/5 mg PEM). In contrast, no SEs were found from the treatments supplemented with any concentrations of maltose.
굴곡측정법을 이용한 극후판 용접부 잔류응력분포 정량분석
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Residual stresses arising from the materials processing such as welding and joining affect significantly the structural integrity depending on the external loading condition. The quantitative measurement of the residual stresses is of great importance in order to characterize the effects of the residual stresses on the structural safety. In this paper, we introduce a newly devised destructive technique, the contour method (CM), which is applied for the measurements of the residual stress distributions through the thickness of a 80 mm thick steel weld. Residual stresses are evaluated from the contour, which is the normal displacement on a cut surface produced by the relaxation of residual stresses, using a finite element model. The CM provides a two-dimensional map of the residual stresses normal to the cut surface. The CM developed in the present study was validated in comparison with the residual stress distribution determined by a wellestablished neutron-diffraction residual stress instrument (RSI) instrumented in HANARO neutron research reactor.
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