Supply Behavior of Hydrous Ethanol in Brazil 733 2 Background 2

Economia Aplicada, 2015

Este estudo construiu um modelo econômico para a oferta de etanol hidratado e de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil. Um modelo econométrico de dados em painel foi usado para estimar os modelos econômicos, utilizando as informações dos principais estados produtores, no período 2000/01— 2011/12. Os resultados indicaram a elasticidade-preço da oferta de etanol hidratado de 0,75 e que o preço do etanol anidro teve uma influência relevante sobre o preço do etanol hidratado no período. Para a oferta de cana-de-açúcar, a área plantada e o número de usinas recém instaladas foram importantes para explicar a área plantada corrente

2015

Article history: Received 28 August 2015 Accepted 16 September 2015 Available online 15 October 2015

Policy Research Working Papers, 2013

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 2016

This case study describes Brazilian ethanol industry and strategic issues faced by sugarcane farmers and processors as a result of recent industry expansion into the states of Goias and Mato Grosso do Sul. It provides detailed description of the ethanol supply chain in Brazil from field to market and discusses market drivers influencing the industry. Shaped by government regulations, market liberalization, globalization, and technological change, the Brazilian ethanol industry provides a rich context for learning and applying strategic analysis tools. The case is designed to be used in a graduate or undergraduate agribusiness management or strategic management course. The specific teaching objective for this case is to refine and reinforce students’ understanding of industry analysis and the effect of market drivers on competitive forces in an industry. Students will be expected to conduct an industry analysis and provide strategy recommendations to managers of ethanol plants and fa...

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Sustainable energy strategies require decision-makers in government, industry, academia and civil society alike to make choices among tradeoffs. Within the transport sector alone, ethanol has been shown to be the dominant solution among viable, low carbon options to date, yet questions remain over the economic and ecological impacts of this industry.

Energy Policy, 2010

Corn ethanol produced in the US and sugarcane ethanol produced in Brazil are the world's leading sources of biofuel. Current US biofuel policies create both incentives and constraints for the import of ethanol from Brazil, and together with the competitiveness and greenhouse gas intensity of sugarcane ethanol compared to corn ethanol will determine the extent of these imports. This study analyzes the supply-side determinants of this competitiveness and compares the greenhouse gas intensity of corn ethanol and sugarcane ethanol delivered to US ports. We find that while the cost of sugarcane ethanol production in Brazil is lower than that of corn ethanol in the US, the inclusion of transportation costs for the former and co-product credits for the latter changes their relative competitiveness. We also find that the relative cost of ethanol in the US and Brazil is highly sensitive to the prevailing exchange rate and prices of feedstocks. At an exchange rate of US$1 = R$2.15 the cost of corn ethanol is 15% lower than the delivered cost of sugarcane ethanol at a US port. Sugarcane ethanol has lower GHG emissions than corn ethanol but a price of over $113 per ton of CO 2 is needed to affect competitiveness.

Sustainability

Competition is a relevant element in any open economy. Public policies are necessary to induce economic efficiency and to create conditions to preserve or stimulate a competitive environment. This paper aims to assess the competitiveness of hydrous ethanol price in a period of political, social and economic crises, in 15 Brazilian state capitals between the years 2012 and 2019. We compared the ethanol–gasoline price ratio behavior in two different periods, before and after the import parity price policy implemented by Petrobras in 2016. Mann–Whitney and Levene’s tests, two non-parametric statistical methods, were applied to verify significant changes between these periods. The implementation of changes in Petrobras’ pricing policy from 2016 onwards caused a statistically significant increase in the ratio coefficient of variation in two-thirds of the distribution market and more than the half of analyzed retail markets. Second, overall, the cities that showed statistically significan...

The purpose of this study is to characterize the demand of hydrous ethanol fuel in the Brazilian market. This research seeks to present the developments, challenges and new market scenarios of hydrous ethanol. The theoretical part of the object design research, hydrated ethanol demand, seeking the understanding of the market of ethanol in its emergence in the country via Proálcool, as well as its rise and fall, the challenges and new scenarios from the flex fuel vehicle. The contextualization of ethanol fuel on the domestic market under as characterized the offer, its technologies and its main thrusters in the diffusion of the fuels market is not object of investigation. The work has as investigative methodology of exploratory and descriptive, explanatory, whose method is qualitative, in which research provides reflections and understanding from the understanding of hydrated ethanol fuel demand in the Brazilian market. the evidence considered in the study demonstrated through a qualitative analysis, which allowed demand conditions varied market mutation, since its emergence times up to the present time, that began with the economic pressures arising from the volatility of prices of oil barrels until the time the flex fuel technology redraws a new scenario in the market of hydrous ethanol.

Energy for Sustainable Development, 2006

Energy for Sustainable Development, 2006