Regional Collaboration in S&T Among South Asian Countries

2006

In contrast with national programmes and projects, connections at the international level are systems of communication, facilitated by ICTs, that are often difficult to identify. Policy makers are faced with the question of how to support, benefit from and exploit them. The networks created by international collaboration in science and technology (ICST) offer opportunities for developing countries to acquire knowledge for local development, but there are few guidelines on how to manage such networked systems. The potential for missteps and the obstacles to joining networks are significant. This chapter describes the dynamics of ICST, and offers a framework for decision making about how to use the opportunities they offer to provide the demand for development.

The trend of Indian collaboration with China was evaluated on the basis of research articles indexed in Web of Science (WoS)-Science Citation Index Expanded online database for twenty years' period from 1994 to 2013. There were 500404 articles retrieved on India as indexed in WoS database for the period, out of which 5062 (1.01%) articles have been in collaboration with China. A maximum of 814 (16.08%) articles have been indexed in 2013 against 17 (0.38%) in 1994 in collaboration. The trend of research articles in collaboration was assessed by analyzing; annual output of research articles in collaboration, growth trend of the publications, top ranked institutions, subject dispersion, top ranked journals, year-wise output of citing publications, country-wise individual share in citing collaborated research articles, major subject areas in citing articles, major journals published citing publications, top institutions of citing authors, etc. The study may be useful to subject specialists, analysts, researchers, students, policy makers, administrators and faculty of both the countries to look into effective collaborations in the research.

This paper looks at the co-creation organized in the field of scientometrics utilizing informal community investigation methods with the point of building up a comprehension of research cooperation in the academic network. Utilizing co-initiation information from 3125 articles distributed in the diary. Scientometrics with a period range of over three decades (1980-2017), we build a developing co-creation organize and ascertain three centrality measures (closeness, betweenness, and degree) for 3024 creators, 1207 establishments, 68 nations and 22 scholarly fields in this system. This paper additionally talks about the ease of use of centrality measures in creator positioning, and recommends that centrality measures can be valuable pointers for effect investigation. Discoveries uncovered that scientometrics was definitely not commanded by two or three key scientists, as a significant huge number of mainstream analysts were recognized. The most dynamic, focal and synergistic scholastic control in scientometrics is Data and Library Science.

Scientometrics, 2016

The unbalanced international scientific collaboration as cause of misleading information on the country’s contribution to the scientific world output was analyzed. ESI Data Base (Thomson Reuters’ InCites), covering the scientific production of 217 active countries in the period 2010–2014 was used. International collaboration implicates in a high percentage (33.1 %) of double-counted world articles, thus impacting qualitative data as citations, impact and impact relative to word. The countries were divided into three groups, according to their individual contribution to the world publications: Group I (24 countries, at least 1 %) representing 83.9 % of the total double-counted world articles. Group II (40 countries, 0.1–0.99 % each). Group III, 153 countries (70.5 %) with <0.1 % and altogether 1.9 % of the world. Qualitative characteristics of each group were also analyzed: percentage of the country’s GNP applied in R&D, proportion of Scientists and Engineers per million inhabitan...

Scientometrics, 2001

In this paper, our objective is to delineate some of the problems that could arise in using research output for performance evaluation. Research performance in terms of the Impact Factor (IF) of papers, say of scientific institutions in a country, could depend critically on coauthored papers in a situation where internationally co-authored papers are known to have significantly different (higher) impact factors as compared to purely indigenous papers. Thus, international collaboration not only serves to increase the overall output of research papers of an institution, the contribution of such papers to the average Impact Factor of the institutional output could also be disproportionately high. To quantify this effect, an index of gain in impact through foreign collaboration (GIFCOL) is defined such that it ensures comparability between institutions with differing proportions of collaborative output. A case study of major Indian institutions is undertaken, where Cluster Analysis is used to distinguish between intrinsically high performance institutions and those that gain disproportionately in terms of perceived quality of their output as a result of international collaboration.

2005

Six case studies of international cooperation at the subfield level are presented and compared. The cases examine international collaboration by detailing co-authorship links among researchers by field, evidenced at the level of the nation. Cases are offered based on possible drivers for collaboration: sharing ideas, cooperating around equipment, cooperating around resources, and exchanging data. Scientometric and network analysis of linkages are presented and discussed for each of the six cases: astrophysics, geophysics, mathematical logic, polymers, soil science, and virology. Visualizations of the cosine matrices within each field are compared for 1990 and 2000. The research shows that international collaboration grew in all the fields at rates higher than the international average. The possibility that rapid increases in international collaboration in science can be attributed in part to certain drivers related to access to resources or equipment sharing could not be upheld by the data. Other possible explanations for the rapid growth of collaboration are offered, including the possibility that weak ties evidenced by geographically remote collaboration can promote new knowledge creation.

Scientometrics, 2019

This paper examines the patterns of convergence in international scientific collaboration across a set of developed and developing countries from 1997 through 2012. The empirical analysis was carried out in a novel way applying the methodology developed by Phil

Journal of Scientometric Research, 2022

Historically India has had cordial relationships with the African countries. So, the aim of the present study is to find out the collaboration status and research emphasis of the leading five African countries with India as reflected in the Scopus database for the last three decades. In the context of India's collaborative research scenario, the five leading African countries are South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria and Kenya. The African countries contribute a total 14,053 co-authored articles which may be further categorized on the basis of different aspects like country wise contribution, chronological output, nature of collaboration, focus areas, leading co-authoring foreign countries, leading affiliations, source journals, most prolific affiliations and scholarly impact. India has the strongest collaborative relationships with the countries of the Northern Africa region. The developed countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany have been found as the most influential collaborating partners. Conversely, the collaboration scenario confirms the fact that 'Physics and Astronomy', 'Medicine' and 'Engineering' are the primary emphasized areas among African countries.

2019

The study makes an analysis of 72940 papers indexed by Scopus International database and published by six Indian Institutes of Technology during 2006 to 2015 which indicates that scientists of six IITs are more inclined to publish their research papers in collaboration with other countries and international institutions as two third (66.65%) papers of six IITs are internationally collaborated with 459 countries from almost all regions of the World. However the dominant research collaborating countries among them included USA, UK, Germany, Canada, France, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, China, Italy, etc. All the six IITs also published (33.34%) papers collaboration with 355 national institutes within India to publish their papers. The study also indicates that the average value of CC for six institutes is 0.96, which indicates collaborative pattern of six institutes are denoted by co-authored papers than solo authors. It also indicates that the multi a...

2013

Partnerships between Northern and Southern researchers are a powerful tool for studying problems of global change and for shaping development policies. North–South partnerships enable teams of researchers to focus on specific problems and to strengthen research capacities in developing countries. They also enable Southern researchers to contribute to their home countries as part of an international network. This issue of evidence for policy draws on recent publications from the NCCR North-South to illustrate how partnership benefits science and sustainable development.