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Journal of Communications
Recently, the development of mobile technology has reached a point that requires a high data rate with high waveform aspects. So, traditional ways are no further tolerable. With the dawn of the fifth generation (5G), researchers have been investigating its waveforms and experimenting the methods to improve it. This research examines universal filter multi-carrier (UFMC) for a novel strategy by employing multi-windowing UFMC-based (MW-UFMC) to boost the power spectral density (PSD). This was accomplished by lowering out-of-band emission (OOBE), bit error rate (BER), and adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). The 256quadrature amplitude modulation (256QAM) mapping modulation method was employed in this work. 256QAM is the maximum modulation level that is standard for the third-generation partnership project (3GPP). The proposed MW-UFMC is compared with the conventional UFMC and cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM). The proposed multi-windowing technique p...
Computers, Materials & Continua
Fifth Generation (5G) systems aim to improve flexibility, coexistence and diverse service in several aspects to achieve the emerging applications requirements. Windowing and filtering of the traditional multicarrier waveforms are now considered common sense when designing more flexible waveforms. This paper proposed a Universal Windowing Multi-Carrier (UWMC) waveform design platform that is flexible, providing more easily coexists with different pulse shapes, and reduces the Out of Band Emissions (OOBE), which is generated by the traditional multicarrier methods that used in the previous generations of the mobile technology. The novel proposed approach is different from other approaches that have been proposed, and it is based on applying a novel modulation approach for the Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation (64-QAM) which is considered very popular in mobile technology. This new approach is done by employing flexible pulse shaping windowing, by assigning windows to various bands. This leads to decreased side-lobes, which are going to reduce OOBE and boost the spectral efficiency by assigning them to edge subscribers only. The new subband windowing (UWMC) will also maintain comprehensively the non-orthogonality by a variety of windowing and make sure to keep window time the same for all subbands. In addition, this paper shows that the new approach made the Bit Error Rate (BER) equal to the conventional Windowed-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (W-OFDM). This platform achieved great improvement for some other Key Performance Indicators (KPI), such as the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) compared with the conventional (W-OFDM) and the conventional Universal Filtered Multicarrier (UFMC) approaches. In particular, the proposed windowing scheme outperforms previous designs in terms of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) by 58% and the (BER) by 1.5 dB and This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.
ECTI Transactions on Computer and Information Technology (ECTI-CIT)
The 5G wireless access technology will supersede its predecessor, 4G, in the current decade, at first coexisting with it and later as a standalone technology. This work examines and compares the performance of the following orthogonal multicarrier schemes: Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM), Windowed Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (W-OFDM), Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (F-OFDM), Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC), and Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC). The system architecture of each scheme is investigated while considering the performance in fading channel models. The simulation was performed using a standard set of parameters, and the performance was appraised based on Power Spectral Density (PSD), Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) of PAPR, Bit Error Rate (BER), and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). In addition, a comprehensive analysis is presented concerning ...
International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology, 2019
To design a new waveform for 5G communications with a lower peak / average power ratio and a high S pectra Efficiency methods / S tatistical analysis: In this document, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), filter bank Multi-carrier (FBMC) and Universal Multi-Conveyor Filtered (UFMC) are compared and the PAPR of these techniques is analyzed Applying different subcarriers and modulation techniques. Discoveries: S pectral efficiency is poor in OFDM due to presence of a cyclic prefix and efficiency can be improved by FBMC and UFMC. The use of separate filters for individuals. the subcarriers eliminate the cyclic prefix and an increase in the subcarriers further reduces the PAPR. The PAPR varies according to the modulation techniques used. Application / improvements: UFMC is the best waveform technique for 5Gwhen compared to OFDM and FBMC, which will have less PAPR and PAPR is further reduced by applying Optimization techniques
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
This article describes about to analyse the spectral efficiency of different modulation techniques in OFDM and UFMC. UFMC is a multi-carrier modulation technique in fifth generation network (5G). In this paper, we review the different modulation techniques in 5G technology and motivate the need of UFMC technique in 5G wireless communication. In 4G OFDM modulation technique, some drawbacks like side band leakages, high Peak to Average Power ratio (PAPR) and spectrum utilization degrades the performance of the system. Another multi carrier technique called Filter Bank Multi carrier (FBMC) which is better than OFDM, have some issues in practical aspects. So by considering the above parameters a move to another technique called Universal Filtered Multi Carrier (UFMC) is used because of good spectrum usage. This paper also explains about the UFMC system model. Based on the Simulation results in MATLAB, the spectrum utilization of UFMC system is much better than OFDM system.
Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University
In this study, filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM) and universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC) were proposed for complexity reduction in the 5G waveform. Cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP_OFDM) is well suited for 4G; however, the major problem of the 4G modulation methods is their susceptibility to high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Another problem of OFDM is the issue of sideband leakage. The existing 4G systems mainly depend on the CP_OFDM waveform, which cannot support the host of applications provided by the 5G platform. 5G-generated traffic is likely to exhibit different features and requirements compared to the existing wireless technology. Consequently, investigations have been devoted to other multiple access schemes. The existing limitations of OFDM can be mitigated by using the UFMC technique. To ensure that the demands and requirements of the upcoming 5G cellular networks are satisfied, this study presents an enable...
Research & Development in Material Science
One of the main objectives of multicarrier modulation is to provide multiple accesses for wireless communication systems with higher data rates while having minimum out of band radiation, high spectral efficiency and less complexity. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Universal filter multicarrier (UFMC), Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) and Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) modulation techniques have been developed to support fourth generation and beyond 4G wireless systems. Demand of high data rate in fourth generation wireless communication systems has been fulfilled by OFDM techniques but it suffers from the limitation of less spectral efficiency and high PAPR (Peak to average power ratio). Thus to support next generation wireless systems other waveform models are getting attention. Among the techniques available, UFMC seems to be attractive due to high spectral efficiency and less complexity. It has not explored much so in this paper, performance of UFMC have been evaluated with different design factors such as number of sub bands, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform)size, filter characteristics and modulation under the light of PAPR.
Electronics, 2021
5G is the latest mobile communications standard that is spreading fast across the world. Recently defined requirements for 5G systems have led to higher applications’ requirements regarding data rates, lower requirements for latency, and higher efficiency regarding the spectrum usage. Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) is one new candidate modulation scheme for emergent Fifth Generation (5G) communication systems. This paper focuses on Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) design aspects in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) performance in relation to the filter length used in subband filtering. Simulation results show that BER and CCDF performance varies for different filter lengths and modulation schemes. The main achievement of this work is that the results show that different Dolph–Chebyshev FIR filter lengths do not affect the BER performance both for the 64 and 256 QAM.
Deleted Journal, 2024
Orthogonality for the frequency division multiplexing is the approach which is widely accepted for the current wireless communication, but as the technology is on the verge of moving in to the fifth generation wireless communication there are some limitations such as PAPR, PSD and BER of Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing which cannot be ignored for the fifth generation as promises the Massive machine communication, huge Reliability and minimum latency and extended mobile broadband, so to achieve above promises here in this proposed research work the filtering technique for the OFDM also in this research work specifies the importance of windowing techniques in the design of filters for Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. This is mainly by reducing Peak-to-Average Power Ratio and optimizing Bit Error Rate to minimize Out-of-Band Emissions, which contributes to enhancing spectral containment properties, thus reducing inter-system interferences in the field of communication systems. This study elucidates the principles of windowing and application in f-OFDM to offer immediate insight into how filters are designed under optimal capacity for high system efficiency. The use of windowing in simulations has proven effective in enhancing the filter design process, and demonstrates the future of the evolution of digital communications systems ,the waveform by means of various windowing methods considering the parameters Power spectral density, Bit error rate and PAPR, simulation results shows that the nuttall's blackman-harris, kaiser & root raised cosine windowed filter function are best suitable for the filtering the OFDM signal to improve the spectral efficiency, BER.
Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica
One of the main objectives of multicarrier modulation is to provide multiple accesses for wireless communication systems with higher data rates while having minimum out of band radiation, high spectral efficiency and less complexity. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Universal filter multicarrier (UFMC), Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) and Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) modulation techniques have been developed to support fourth generation and beyond 4G wireless systems. Demand of high data rate in fourth generation wireless communication systems has been fulfilled by OFDM techniques but it suffers from the limitation of less spectral efficiency and high PAPR (Peak to average power ratio). Thus to support next generation wireless systems other waveform models are getting attention. Among the techniques available, UFMC seems to be attractive due to high spectral efficiency and less complexity. It has not explored much so in this paper, performance of UFMC have been evaluated with different design factors such as number of sub bands, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) size, filter characteristics and modulation under the light of PAPR.
2018
In recent times, new waveforms for 5G have been explored in multiple ways. It is difficult for the current mobile communication to assist the future mobile traffic requirement. To overcome this issue, studies have been carried out in 5 th generation mobile communication has been. New waveforms such as UFMC (universal filtered Multi-carrier), FBMC (filtered bank Multi-carrier), F-OFDM (filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) and W-OFDM (windowed-OFDM) are considered as very substantial candidates in respect of 5G system. An attempt has been made to evaluate the spectral properties of waveforms in this paper. The experimental results proved that the effective utilization of spectrum for each waveform.
2019
To design a new waveform for 5G communications with a lower peak / average power ratio and a high Spectra Efficiency methods / Statistical analysis: In this document, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), filter bank Multi -carrier (FBMC) and Universal Multi-Conveyor Filtered (UFMC) are compared and the PAPR of these techniques is analyzed Applying different subcarriers and modulation techniques. Discoveries: Spectral efficiency is poor in OFDM due to presence of a cyclic prefix and efficiency can be improved by FBMC and UFMC. The use of separate filters for individuals. the subcarriers eliminate the cyclic prefix and an increase in the subcarriers further reduces the PAPR. The PAPR varies according to the modulation techniques used. Application / improvements: UFMC is the best waveform technique for 5Gwhen compared to OFDM and FBMC, which will have less PAPR and PAPR is further reduced by applying Optimization techniques
Symmetry
The new generation of wireless communication systems has adopted different waveforms. The universal filtered multicarrier is one of the adopted candidates that has symmetry with various numerology designs. However, the high peak to average power ratio is one of the major limitations faced by universal filter multicarrier (UFMC) designers. Moreover, recent studies utilize cubic metric along with the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) to show the power back-off effect of the signal in which the PAPR metric identifies the maximum peak and the cubic metric (CM) identifies the Out of Band emission and In-Band distortion. Most of the current solutions, such as amplitude clipping, tone reservation, and active constellation extension, decrease the PAPR but cause degradation to the bit error rate. Selected mapping is one of the promising techniques that is recently used to solve the PAPR and CM problems without causing bit error rate (BER) degradation. In this paper, the selected mapping (SL...
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 2014
ifth-generation (5G) cellular communications promise to deliver the gigabit experience to mobile users, with a capacity increase of up to three orders of magnitude with respect to current long-term evolution (LTE) systems. There is widespread agreement that such an ambitious goal will be realized through a combination of innovative techniques involving different network layers. At the physical layer, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation format, along with its multiple-access strategy orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), is not taken for granted, and several alternatives promising larger values of spectral efficiency are being considered. This article provides a review of some modulation formats suited for 5G, enriched by a comparative analysis of their performance in a cellular environment, and by a discussion on their interactions with specific 5G ingredients. The interaction with a massive multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) system is also discussed by employing real channel measurements.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2018
This paper presents an extensive and fair comparison among the most promising waveform contenders for the 5G air interface which includes-Filtered OFDM, Filter-bank multi carrier (FBMC), universal multi-carrier (UFMC) has been compared with OFDM in terms of spectral efficiency and rate using mat lab. The disadvantages of OFDM have been addressed and it has shown that (fofdm), (UFMC), (FBMC) could be a more effective solution. FBMC is a method for improving out of band (OOB) characteristics by filtering each subcarrier, it is also expected to improve the Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) characteristics while UFMC is a method for improving OOB characteristics by filtering each block.
The fifth generation mobile communication will be deployed in many countries by 2020 which aims to furnish a real wireless world free from present obstacles in communication system which is a great motivating factor for all the researchers, academicians and engineers. The new technologies are being investigated that provide high speed, capacity, spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, pseudo outdoor communication, etc. that solves the existing problems in mobile communication system. This paper aims to highlight the aspects of Multicarrier modulation scheme which is popular with Fifth Generation (5G) with Filter Bank Multi Carrier (FBMC) modulation scheme. OFDM is an incredible Multiple Access Modulation strategy adopted in Fourth Generation (4G) communication system even though it is not exempt of defects. OFDM suffers from the difficulty of Side band leakage. To overcome this, FBMC modulation scheme is used. This paper gives an overview of dominant metrics like Power Spectral Density (PSD), Bit Error Rate (BER) of forthcoming Cellular Communication System's modulation scheme. The simulation results of FBMC under perfect channel assumption gives BER values of 0.010213, 0.009945 for K=3, 4 respectively at a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of 5dB. It is also observed that the effect of Rayleigh and Rician channels in FBMC give BER values of 0.49988, 0.5081 and 0.15615, 0.12549 for K=3, 4 respectively. From the simulation results it is observed that, FBMC outperforms the most popularity gained by 4G modulation technique.
In this paper OFDM modulation was studied and its problems highlights UFMC modulation is studied and presented as a candidate for 5G waveform. The problem of High PAPR in OFDM was also discussed with UFMC simulation carried out using three different window filters to see which provided the lowest PAPR for utilization in UFMC subband filtering. Findings: it was discovered that the Bohwin window produced the lowest PAPR value among its other two counterparts names chebvev and Bartlett Overall is discovered that UFMC is better than OFDM in terms of PAPR and ability to carry higher data rate than OFDM. I.INTRODUCTION The expected applications that 5G applications will be utilized in includes high speed applications for multimedia, gaming, cloud based applications, Internet of things, vehicle peering system, The potential applications for 5G including high data transmission for videos, Internet of things, vehicle to vehicle pairing, faster streaming, augmented reality 5G tech is 200 times faster than 4G allowing for massive amount of data to be transporter instantly…5G uses ultrahigh broadcast frequency.5G support multiple gigabyte connection.5G is the communication standard that can lower latency, more reliable and dependable…the possibility of virtual reality and augmented reality with possibility of virtual reality applications and establishing communication between industrial equipment in a peer to peer connection. This is the point in time when more things are connected to the internet than people. Appliances security systems, health monitor, door locks, educational network, assistive technologies and the many. Capability in handling high data rate with wide bandwidth, the issue of very low latency for data bursts either short of long, consideration for transmission time intervals which is needed to be short and fast switching between downlink and uplink are important requirements for any modulation scheme that will support 5G communication system. And for low data rate devices, the possibility of energy efficient communication system by reducing the on-times for low data rates transmission. These are a few of the requirements that are needed for 5G waveforms to support the facilities that are needed. II.THEORETICAL BACKGROUND IN BRIEF 5G BACKGROUNDS Several new forms of OFDM have been proposed for 5G applications, such as CP-OFDM, F-OFDM, W-OFDM, GFDM, UFMC, and FBMC. The need for more robust multicarrier modulation scheme for higher data rates the bandwidth spectral efficiency is the motivation for the development of filtered multicarrie modulation scheme. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing has been an excellent waveform choice for 4G. It provides outstanding spectrum efficiency, it can be managed and controlled with the processing levels attainable in current mobile handsets, and it operates well with high data rate stream occupying wide bandwidths. It operates well in circumstances where there is selective fading. It is expected that by the official rollout of 5G in 2020 many more waveform will be tested to ensure which meets the requirement for 5G standards or data transmission. This paper seeks to look at one of the many modulation schemes that can give 5G data transmission capability. OFDM the multicarrier modulation scheme is the major backbone of 4G LTE systems and definitely OFDM variants with filtering addition are the possibility of 5G waveform. [1] OFDM requires the use of a cyclic prefix and this occupies space within the data streams. There are also other advantages that can be introduced by using one of a variety of new waveforms for 5G. OFDM, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. OFDM decomposes the transmission frequency band into a group of narrower contiguous sub bands (carriers), and each carrier is individually modulated. Such a modulation can be simply realized by an inverse fast Fourier
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2018
The rollout of fifth generation(5G) wireless communication technology provides high spectral efficiency, high speed, greater density of users, high capacity, pseudo outdoor communication etc. In the year 2020, the data consumption is expected to increase 30% which cannot be supported by the current technologies such as 3G and 4G. The (4G) mobile communication uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique in various systems like-Wi-MAX. Now as the technology is being advanced to 5G, there are some drawbacks of OFDM like-peak to average power ratio (PAPR), out of band emissions (OOB), and use of cyclic prefix (CP).In this paper, the drawbacks of Ofdm in Lte has been removed using the waveforms contenders like UFMC, FBMC, and GFDM overwhelmingly welcomed for the 5G air interface. applications of 5G are Internet of Things (IoT), Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication, Machine to Any (M2X) communication.
ArXiv, 2014
5G cellular communications promise to deliver the gigabit experience to mobile users, with a capacity increase of up to three orders of magnitude with respect to current LTE systems. There is widespread agreement that such an ambitious goal will be realized through a combination of innovative techniques involving different network layers. At the physical layer, the OFDM modulation format, along with its multiple-access strategy OFDMA, is not taken for granted, and several alternatives promising larger values of spectral efficiency are being considered. This paper provides a review of some modulation formats suited for 5G, enriched by a comparative analysis of their performance in a cellular environment, and by a discussion on their interactions with specific 5G ingredients. The interaction with a massive MIMO system is also discussed by employing real channel measurements.
10.11591/eei.v10i4.3119, 2021
Wireless communications became an integrated part of the human life. Fifth generation (5G) is the modern communication which provides enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra reliable low latency communications (URLLC), and massive machine type communication (mMTC). Thus, 5G have to provide coverage to multi-numerology devices, therefore, modulation and access schemes are suggested in the literature such as cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) and filtered OFDM (f-OFDM). CP-OFDM suffers from the high out of band emission which limited the multi-numerology applications. In f-OFDM, the out of band emission can be suppressed to an accepted extent such that different numerologies can be coexisting. On the other hand, f-OFDM can be more improved by using a proper filtering approach. In this paper three different filters are suggested based windowed-sinc function; Hanning, Hamming, and Blackman. Simulation results show that the proposed filters are promising for high spectral efficiency and out of band emission rejection. Furthermore, the bit error rate, error vector magnitude, and power spectral density are further improved with respect to CP-OFDM scheme but some trade-off is present. Overall, the suggested windowed-sinc filters are outperforming the traditional CP-OFDM. As a conclusion, the suggested windnowed-sinc filters have no limitations on the modulation order or the number of subcarriers utilized in the system.
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2020
In surveillance of the contemporary swift growth of progressing networks, attention has been enthralled mostly on the operational properties of multifaceted networks in wireless communications. A number of mammoth simulated networks of this thoughtful have lately been fashioned, which opens an extensive field for the study of their topology, advancement, and the intricate processes which transpire in them. Fifth Generation (5G) will have to survive with a high degree of heterogeneity in relations to services and necessities. Amid these end, the malleable and well-organized use of non-contiguous unexploited spectrum for diverse network disposition scenarios is well-thought-out a key encounter for 5G, New Radio (NR) systems. Furthermore, this study weighs and equates the complexity of the different waveforms. Keen valuations on Spectral Efficiency, Power Spectral Density, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio and robustness to asynchronous multiuser uplink transmission have been explored in this study. The reimbursements of these new wave-form for the anticipated 5G uses cases are noticeably highlighted on illustrative standards and experiments. Each network will be accountable for handling user-mobility, although the terminal will make the final optimal among different wireless/mobile access network suppliers for a given service. The main impact of this study is definition of 5G mobile network perception, which is seen as user-centric notion in its place of operator-centric as in Third Generation (3G) or service-centric concept as seen for Fourth Generation (4G). The 5G terminals will have software distinct radios and modulation scheme as well as new error-control schemes can be downloaded from the Internet on the run. The growth is seen towards the user terminals as an emphasis of the 5G mobile networks. The theoretical results are further verified using Matlab evaluations for Spectral Efficiency, Power Spectral Density and Peak-to-Average ratio. The evaluation results reveal that if an apriori information on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is present, it is possible to highly increase the Spectral Efficiency (SE) of the transmission.
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