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Julius Calpurnius Piso, a son of Arrius Piso, was the author of The Revelation. He was married to Hadrian's sister and was father-in-law of Tacitus' son. He wanted his grandson to become emperor after Hadrian, and was killed by Hadrian in 137 CE along with his grandson. Instead, his descendants became bishops of Rome & Alexander Severus, emperor.
The New Classical Scholarship (NCS), 2023
For the longest time, people have thought that we would never know who the authors of the New Testament texts actually were, but Abelard Reuchlin discovered their names and gave that information to us in his booklet 'The True Authorship Of The New Testament', which first came out in 1979. A second edition came out in 1986, and then a later one. Reuchlin was able to do this because he had help by an Inner-Circle rabbi, who gave him information regarding the Jewish Proof Texts. In short, the Jews were witnesses to the creation of Christianity, and they left us information about that in their various texts, including the Talmud, Midrash, and Commentaries.
Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria, 25th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark, was deposed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451 (AD), but he was recognized as Patriarch by the Coptic Church until his death. He is considered a saint by the Coptic, Syriac, and other Oriental Orthodox Churches, while Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches have frequently deemed him a Monophysite and a heretic. This project will seek to assess whether this charge of heresy against Pope Dioscorus I is justified. With reference to primary and secondary sources it will examine the events and circumstances surrounding the deposition of Dioscorus by the Council of Chalcedon. Dioscorus' own teachings and writings, and the reactions of others to the situation, both for and against, will be critically evaluated. A nuanced understanding/definition of Monophysitism will be sought. From this close analysis of the grounds upon which history has judged Pope Dioscorus I to be a Monophysite, a conclusion will be drawn about the legitimacy of such a charge.
Museum Helveticum 46 (1989) 101-124
Biblica, 2004
The external evidence does not allow us to date the Book of Revelation with certainty the end of Domitian’s government, since there is an important patristic tendency in favor of Nero’s reign or even before that. The internal evidence shows that as John wrote his prophecy, Jerusalem and its Temple had not yet been destroyed, the rebels had not yet taken the control of the Temple, the Jewish- Christian Community had not yet left Jerusalem, the martyrs James, Peter and Paul had not yet been executed, Laodicea had not yet been destroyed because of an earthquake, and Nero Caesar (666) still was the reigning emperor, the sixth one of the dynasty according to Roman, Jewish and Jewish-Christian literature. Therefore, the work should be dated between the years 54 and 60. In this context, Rev 13,3 alludes to the murder of Julius Caesar, and 17,8 to the Antichrist’ return, identified as a fallen emperor who might be Augustus, Tiberius or Caligula.
This Pope was noted as having stated, "All ages can attest how profitable that fable of Christ has been to us and our company."* Or, the paraphrase which has been more widely stated, "What profit we have made from this fable of Christ." He, Pope Leo X (Pope from 1513-1521), is also noted having said to his brother, "Since God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it."** When an Inner-Circle source such as a pope, those of royal blood, or people writing either during or before the Holy Roman Empire fell, and they refer to 'God', they are doing so with the knowledge that 'God' was an inherited title; much the same as titles are inherited by royalty. In the case of popes speaking of 'God', they are referring to the God of the New Testament, Arrius Calpurnius Piso.*** Pope Leo X was a Medici Pope. However, his mother was an Orsini. And this line of descent (given below) is through his mother's family line.
The New Classical Scholarship (NCS), 2024
As I have illustrated in several papers, ancient authors used alias names and pen names. Knowing this and being able to deduce those aliases is what now enables us to discover actual history and answer many things that before this we never even knew to ask. For one thing, we have now discovered that a) Julius Agricola was actually a brother of both emperors Galba and Vitellius. And b), that not only was his biographer 'Tacitus' his son-in-law, but also his son! By the way, the first instance that I knew of the use of alias names by ancient authors was that of 'Tacitus' being aka 'Neratius Priscus' (see my paper on that). Abelard Reuchlin had stated that in his 'The True Authorship Of The New Testament', but he failed to detail just how one may deduce that in that work. I knew that if the statements and conclusions given in his work were true, it hinged (for me anyway), upon an example of how one may find an instance of an alias or pen name having been used. And, that is why once I knew how to do that, I wrote papers about it so that others could likewise confirm this key detail.
Andrews University Seminary Studies, 2008
According to the most widely accepted interpretation of the book of Revelation, the Emperor Nero, the Roman Empire, and the imperial cult in Asia Minor loom large in the symbolic foreground of the book, reflective of the conviction that John is addressing the historical situation contemporary to him. To Wilhelm Bousset, “the observation that the core of the prophecy in the Apocalypse refers to the then widely held expectation of Nero redivivus is in my opinion an immovable point that will not again be surrendered, the rocher de bronce of the contemporary historical interpretation against which all contrary points of view so far have been dashed to pieces.” This risk notwithstanding, the present essay will appraise the alleged role of the myth of Nero’s return in Revelation, arguing that neither the office of the emperor nor the imperial cult has the proportions to fully match the force of the symbols on which the derivation is based.
It is known that Christianity experienced a rise with the support of the Flavians. What is so interesting about the Flavian clan, whose "heir" Constantine the Great became the first Christian emperor? The founder of the Flavian dynasty, one of the most successful emperors, Titus Flavius Vespasian, belonged to an ordinary family from the city of Reate in Latium. Vespasian became the first ruler of Rome who did not belong to the aristocracy: he was the grandson of a peasant and the son of a horseman. Under the Julius-Claudians, Titus Flavius made a career as a military man and politician. He fought successfully both in Germany and in Britain. But his most significant merit is the suppression of the Jewish uprising and the destruction of the Temple of Solomon, which are well known from the works of Josephus... Josephus himself, at birth Yosef ben Matityahu, belonged to a noble priestly family (he was a priest of the "first order"), and his mother came from the royal family of the Hasmoneans and Maccabees. Being a fan of Hellenistic culture, he had to lead a revolt against the Romans. Upon surrender, he successfully predicted to Vespasian that he would become emperor, which was later brilliantly confirmed. He not only forgave him, but actually adopted him, giving him his name Flavius (!!) as a freedman. And then he even provided him with a palace, many books and learned assistants (more than a hundred!) from Judea, which of course was an unheard-of luxury! What is this mystery connected with??? Researchers Joseph Atwill and Rod Blackhurst give their version, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4oaQWt3BO0 who draw attention to a number of oddities in the history of the Gospel. Including the fact that the headquarters of early Christianity was located in Rome, defends Roman Stoicism, to which Vespasian was committed (and this despite the fact that it was the Stoics who were his political enemies), and finally, the New Testament was written in Koine Greek, the favorite language of Josephus... Vespasian was closely associated with the Julio-Claudian clan, to which Julius Caesar and his heirs belonged, and literally saved the Empire from its ruin by Caligula and Nero. Like Julius Caesar, he perfectly understood the problems of the empire, which lay in political and religious fragmentation. And the search for a new imperial religion was one of the main activities of the visionary Vespasian. Being a tolerant man, he did not ban Judaism, but introduced a tax on Judaism "Fiscus Judaicus" as a warning for rebellion and as a zealous tax collector. He supported Christians, who, however, were obliged to renounce Judaism officially. He made generous offerings to the sanctuary of Isis in Rome, since the night before the Jewish triumph in 71, both Vespasian and his son Titus spent in the temple of Isis, whose cult was closely connected with the cult of Serapis. During this period, the image of the Temple of Isis appears on Roman coins, which marked a turn in the religious policy of the emperors: from the time of Augustus, Egyptian cults were banned because they were identified with Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Vespasian himself did not claim kinship with the gods and mocked attempts to come up with an appropriate genealogy for him, but at the same time, official propaganda actively developed the theme of his chosenness by God. Sources report numerous signs that foreshadowed Vespasian's great destiny, the disposition of Egyptian deities toward him, and the miraculous healing of two crippled people in Alexandria. Following the example of Augustus, Vespasian began to introduce the joint cult of Roma and the living emperor; following Nero, he revived the practice of venerating the living princeps and his deified predecessors. Following the example of Alexander the Great, he also turned to the reformed cult of Cybele and Attis (the introduction of the veneration of Attis with the establishment of the March holiday) http://centant.spbu.ru/aristeas/autoref/bogatova/001.htm So what did Vespasian Flavius need from Josephus? One can only guess: the vast experience of Judaism in preserving its religion, monotheism, which was more suitable for the empire than the above cults. Where God should be God the Father, the Father of the Nation, figuratively speaking, like Yahweh for the Jews. And this is not to mention the incredible activity of Judaism in generating all kinds of prophets. All this experience, plus Roman Stoicism, which preached obedience to the law, was needed to create a new religion. And Joseph himself, by the way, underwent asceticism in his youth with the Essenes and Nazarenes! It's true that he quickly escaped from the boring Essenes, but he traveled for a year with the Nazarite Banis, and of course he could not help but know nothing about the life of the Nazarite Jesus, the "King of the Jews"... And this work, classified "top secret", could only be done by an incredibly talented and well-read, knowing all the intricacies of religious science, Josephus Flavius. Who, moreover, in his works mercilessly criticizes both the arbitrariness of the Roman governors and the atrocities of the Jewish Sicarii-in the spirit of state Roman stoicism! So the Flavian clan was replenished with one more supporter from Judea.
Classica et Mediaevalia 61 (2010) 151–176., 2010
Rheinisches Museum Fur Philologie, 1996
The Book of Revelation with a Forensic Look, 2021
Gallien in Spätantike und Frühmittelalter, 2013
The Lives of the Telve Caesasrs, 2020
Jan Willem Drijvers and Noel Lenski (eds.), The Fifth Century: Age of Transformation. Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity Conference (Munera 46; Bari: Edipuglia), 2019
The Kings Aristobulus and Agrippa, and the Rebel Priest Caiaphas, 2019
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Martyrdom and Persecution in Late Antique Christianity, ed. Johann Leemans, Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaiensium, vol. 241 (Leuven: Peeters), 2010
Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy , 2018
Nordic Journal of Renaissance Studies, 2022
The Oxford Handbook of the Book of Revelation, 2020