DECOHERENCE IN QUANTUM COSMOLOGY AND THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT

We discuss a spacetime having the topology of S 3 × R but with a different smoothness structure. The initial state of the cosmos in our model is identified with a wildly embedded 3-sphere (or a fractal space). In previous work we showed that a wild embedding is obtained by a quantization of a usual (or tame) embedding. Then a wild embedding can be identified with a (geometrical) quantum state. During a decoherence process this wild 3-sphere is changed to a homology 3-sphere. We are able to calculate the decoherence time for this process. After the formation of the homology 3-sphere, we obtain a spacetime with an accelerated expansion enforced by a cosmological constant. The calculation of this cosmological constant gives a qualitative agreement with the current measured value.

International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2003

In this paper we will present the self-induced approach to decoherence, which does not require the interaction between the system and the environment: decoherence in closed quantum systems is possible. This fact has relevant consequences in cosmology, where the aim is to ...

Quantum Cosmology in the Unified Field, 2023

Quantum Cosmology describes the nature of the universe from a perspective of an unobserved and largely unseen microcosm forming the basis for an experienced and observed macrocosm. It so presents a cosmogenesis, a description of the origins as an ontology for cosmological models. The building blocks of an experienced physical reality in atomic, molecular and subatomic constituents then emerge in models and paradigms of science from an observed and measured wave-particle duality which couples the microcosm of the quantum realm to its macrocosmic cooperator within a collectivized physical reality. Quantum Cosmology proposes the emergence of the quantum world manifesting in an experienced spacetime of energy interactions for a thermodynamically expanding universe to derive from a preexisting timespace forming the reason and purpose for the existence of a physical reality experienced in the world of the macrocosm. The relevant physics for the kaleidoscope and interplay of energy describing the universe modelled in the physics of a Planck-Einstein black body radiator then utilizes the emitted electromagnetic radiation spectrum to derive and apply the initial and boundary conditions for the cosmology manifesting in the experienced spacetime. Quantum Cosmology expands on the premises of Special and General Relativity for a description of spacetime in introducing the concept of Quantum Relativity (QR), emerging from the timespace to become the cornerstone for a Unified Field of Quantum Relativity (UFoQR). The Unified Field defines the parameters for the microcosmic reality experienced and observed in spacetime from the platform of the timespace in the emergence of space and time from an algorithmically defined energy matrix described in a multidimensional setting of mathematical logistical statements and principles. The birth of space in the formulation of an inflaton and the birth of time in the form of an instanton follow the self-generation of dimensions from a prior abstractly defined existence in timespace to become a multidimensional physicalized reality in the spacetime. The abstract nature of the timespace as originator for the spacetime is defined as a form of universalized consciousness and as a concept of being 'self-aware' of occupying the spacetime from a prior state of being unaware in the spacelessness and timelessness of the timespace. In particular the occupancy of spacetime volumars as the basis universalized consciousness is defined in Quantum Relativity as a spacial awareness in the form of a radius independent form of quantum spin-acceleration as the frequency over time differential df/dt defining an initializing maximized frequency permutation count. The square of frequency then forms a basis to couple maximized and minimized energy states, modelled on a multidimensional 12-dimensional cosmology described as a T-duality modular mirror duality. The nature of quantum gravitation, for example, then is described in gravitational waves using the squared frequency state (as G times density) to couple to the universalized consciousness quantization in the form of the gravitational parameter GM with mensuration units identical to the universal consciousness quantum as the magnetic charge of a Dirac monopole and as evidenced in the charge formulation of Newman-Kerr black hole s(r)ingularities (manifold singularity without thickness). The spacetime realism intersecting the timespace abstraction then becomes the multidimensional energy continuum for the wave-particle duality enabling the microcosm to self-replicate in holographic fractalization to evolve into an observable and measurable macrocosmic physical reality. This book is presented for the scientifically literate reader and researcher and can be said to follow a Newtonian tradition and to be inclusive of an holistic metaphysically overviewing cosmology.

Classical and Quantum Gravity, 2012

In this topical review we discuss the connections between chaos, decoherence and quantum cosmology. We understand chaos as classical chaos in systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom, decoherence as environment induced decoherence and quantum cosmology as the theory of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation or else the consistent history formulation thereof, first in mini super spaces and later through its extension to midi super spaces. The overall conclusion is that consideration of decoherence is necessary (and probably sufficient) to sustain an interpretation of quantum cosmology based on the wavefunction of the Universe adopting a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin form for large Universes, but a definitive account of the semiclassical transition in classically chaotic cosmological models is not available in the literature yet.

2007

An increasing number of papers have appeared in recent years on decoherence in quantum gravity at the Planck energy. We discuss the meaning of decoherence in quantum gravity starting from the common notion that quantum gravity is a theory for the microscopic structures of spacetime, and invoking some generic features of quantum decoherence from the open systems viewpoint. We dwell on a range of issues bearing on this process including the relation between statistical and quantum, noise from effective field theory, the meaning of stochasticity, the origin of non-unitarity and the nature of nonlocality in this and related contexts. To expound these issues we critique on two representative theories: One [1, 2] claims that decoherence in quantum gravity scale leads to the violation of CPT symmetry at sub-Planckian energy which is used to explain today's particle phenomenology. The other uses this process in place with the Brownian motion model to prove that spacetime foam behaves like a thermal bath. A companion paper [5] will deal with intrinsic and fundamental decoherence which also bear on issues in classical and quantum gravity. * Email address: [email protected] † Email address: [email protected] 1 It also contains a short bibliography of some latest papers in related approaches to QG. Amongst the different approaches to quantum gravity the issues expounded by Sorkin [13], the ideas proposed by Wen [14] based on quantum order, the analog to condensed matter systems as expounded by Volovik [15], and the programs pursued by Ambjorn and Loll on Lorenzian dynamics of triangulated spacetime , that of Dreyer, Friedel, Levine, Markopoulo, Oriti, Rovelli and Smolin [18, on the structure and evolution of spin network are of particular interest, because one can use these explicit constructions to examine the issues raised here, e.g., seeing the hydrodynamic limit, or even the dynamically preferred dimension-four spacetimes.

Nuclear Physics B, 1999

We calculate the reduced density matrix for the inflaton field in a model of chaotic inflation by tracing out degrees of freedom corresponding to various bosonic fields. We find a qualitatively new contribution to the density matrix given by the Euclidean effective action of quantum fields. We regularise the ultraviolet divergences in the decoherence factor. Dimensional regularisation is shown to violate the consistency conditions for a density matrix as a bounded operator. A physically motivated conformal redefinition of the environmental fields leads to well-defined expressions. They show that due to bosonic fields the Universe acquires classical properties near the onset of inflation.

General Relativity and Gravitation, 1996

As almost any S-matrix of quantum theory possesses a set of complex poles (or branch cuts), it is shown using one example that this is the case in quantum field theory in curved space-time. These poles can be transformed into complex eigenvalues, the corresponding eigenvectors being Gamow vectors. This formalism, which is heuristic in ordinary Hilbert space, becomes a rigorous one within the framework of a properly chosen rigged Hilbert space. Then complex eigenvalues produce damping or growing factors and a typical two semigroups structure. It is known that the growth of entropy, decoherence, and the appearance of correlations, occur in the universe evolution, but this fact is demonstrated only under a restricted set of initial conditions. It is proved that the damping factors are mathematical tools that allow one to enlarge the set.

2024

The inability to delineate a unified physical ontology that accounts simultaneously for the laws of special relativity and the results of quantum experiments has been a defining problem in physics for more than 100 years. This analysis addresses the problem by positing an ontic, mixed ontology composed of a "discrete" 4D spacetime and a physical, ultra-high dimensional (3 x N) "Planck Space." Together, Planck Space and the three spatial dimensions of 4D spacetime form a tightly integrated ((3 x N) + 3) hyperspace (the "Dual Ontology"). Critically, the Dual Ontology's structure replaces 1) the continuous, differentiable manifold of 4D spacetime with a discrete 4D spacetime and 2) mathematical 3N configuration spaces with a physical (3 x N) Planck Space. Moreover, the Dual Ontology is structurally and dynamically predicated on the one-to-one mapping and identity between the discrete spatial units that simultaneously form 4D spacetime and Planck Space. The one-to-one mapping and identity of the discrete spatial units support an integrated quantum dynamics based upon the dynamic evolution of single and N-body quantum states in 4D spacetime in full compliance with the laws of special relativity and the instantaneous collapse of all quantum states in an ontic Planck Space, where special and general relativity and more generally, 4D spacetime's laws of physics, do not apply.

The inability to delineate a unified physical ontology that accounts simultaneously for the laws of special relativity and the results of quantum experiments has been a defining problem in physics for more than 100 years. This analysis addresses the problem by positing an ontic, mixed ontology composed of a "discrete" 4D spacetime and a physical, ultra-high dimensional (3 x N) "Planck Space." Together, Planck Space and the three spatial dimensions of 4D spacetime form a tightly integrated ((3 x N) + 3) hyperspace (the "Dual Ontology"). Critically, the Dual Ontology's structure replaces 1) the continuous, differentiable manifold of 4D spacetime with a discrete 4D spacetime and 2) mathematical 3N configuration spaces with a physical (3 x N) Planck Space. Moreover, the Dual Ontology is structurally and dynamically predicated on the one-to-one mapping and identity between the discrete spatial units that simultaneously form 4D spacetime and Planck Space. The one-to-one mapping and identity of the discrete spatial units support an integrated quantum dynamics based upon the dynamic evolution of single and N-body quantum states in 4D spacetime in full compliance with the laws of special relativity and the instantaneous collapse of all quantum states in an ontic Planck Space, where special and general relativity and more generally, 4D spacetime's laws of physics, do not apply.

2009

In this paper we extend our 2007 paper, “Comparative Quantum Cosmology: Causality, Singularity, and Boundary Conditions”, http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0710/0710.5046.pdf, to include consideration of universal expansion, various implications of extendibility and incompleteness in spacetime metrics and, absent the treatment of Feynman diagrams, the use of Penning trap dynamics to describe the Hamiltonians of space-times with no characteristic upper or lower bound.