Japan as Asian Gateway to Spanish California

Journal of Monsoon Asia Studies 季風亞洲研究, 2017

Free download link: https://sites.google.com/site/monsoonasiastudies/li-jie-kan-wu/di4qi “Sangleyes, Japones, and Casados: An Overview of the Actors of the Sino-Japanese Trade in the Philippines Between the 16th and Early 17th Centuries”, Journal of Monsoon Asia Studies (季風亞洲研究), 4 (2017) 107-151. ISSN: 2414-1259 ABSTRACT After a series of unsuccessful transpacific missions to the Spice Islands, the Spaniards were finally able to settle in the Philippines in 1565. A few years later, in 1570, Miguel López de Legazpi and his men reached the Island of Luzon and met in Maynila the first traders from China and Japan. This essay provides an overview of the Sino-Japanese trade in the Philippines (what we call here the “Luzon Trade”) from the middle of the sixteenth century to the beginning of the seventeenth century, giving an insight into the activities of its principal actors: the Chinese from Fujian (Sangleyes), the Japanese from Kyushu (Japones), and the Portuguese of Macau and Nagasaki (Casados). In addition to shedding some new light on the complex patchwork of connections and interdependencies among these groups of traders, this essay also gives evidence to their achievements in building a transnational multifaceted trade network around Luzon including both China and Japan.

POTESTAS. REVISTA DEL GRUPO EUROPEO DE INVESTIGACIÓN HISTÓRICA. RELIGIÓN, PODER Y MONARQUÍA., 2013

Resumen: La defi nición de los extremos del itinerario que estableció el galeón de Manila a partir de 1565, con especial atención al frente norteamericano en el que las Californias se convirtieron desde inicios del siglo xvii en un punto básico de la política internacional española en el Pacífi co, corrobora el proceso de control territorial que se había iniciado ciento cincuenta años antes, evidenciando la importancia que adquirió el Mar del Sur como espacio de relación. Si bien no podrán ser tratados todos los aspectos que consideramos implicados para comprender el proceso analizado, en el caso de las Californias, su papel fue paulatinamente más importante desde que se establecieron de un modo defi nitivo los primeros asentamientos misionales.

Miguel Ángel Sorroche Cuerva, 2013

Resumen: La definición de los extremos del itinerario que estableció el galeón de Manila a partir de 1565, con especial atención al frente norteamericano en el que las Californias se convirtieron desde inicios del siglo XVII en un punto básico de la política internacional española en el Pacífico, corrobora el proceso de control territorial que se había iniciado ciento cincuenta años antes, evidenciando la importancia que adquirió el Mar del Sur como espacio de relación. Si bien no podrán ser tratados todos los aspectos que consideramos implicados para comprender el proceso analizado, en el caso de las Californias, su papel fue paulatinamente más importante desde que se establecieron de un modo definitivo los primeros asentamientos misionales. Abstract: The defi nition of the itinerary poles that Manila´s galleon established from 1565, with special attention to the North-American front in which the Californias were a basic point for Spanish international politics, confi rm the territorial controlling process that was started 150 years earlier, showing the importance that the southern sea acquired as a connecting space. Although not all of the aspects that we consider to be involved in the analysed process can be targeted to understand it, in the case of the Californias, its role became gradually more important from the establishment of the first missionary settlements.

Crossroads. Studies on the History of Exchange Relations in the East Asian World, 2017

“«The Centre of a Circle»: Manila’s Trade with East Asia and Southeast Asia at the Turn of the 16th Century”, Crossroads. Studies on the History of Exchange Relations in the East Asian World, 16 (Oct. 2017) 99-120. Special Issue (The “Indo-Pacific” Crossroads: The Asian Waters as Conduits of Knowledge, People, Cargoes, and Technologies). ISSN: 2190-8796. ABSTRACT A well-known memorial by the procurator general of the Philippine Islands, Hernando de los Ríos Coronel (1559–1624), published in 1621, portrayed Manila as “the centre of a circle”, whose circumference encompassed Japan, Korea, China, Siam, Cambodia, Sumatra, Java and the Moluccas. In fact, if we take a look at some seventeenth century maps of the “Islands to the West” (Islas del Poniente) and the Far East, we find the Spanish port-city in the middle of a broad maritime region, from Malacca to Nagasaki, surrounded by East Asia, Southeast Asia and the North Pacific Ocean. This study will analyse Manila’s trade inside that circle, trying to shed some light on the complex mechanisms of the intra-Asian commerce around the Philippines at the turn of the sixteenth century.

Japanese Merchants in 17th Century Guadalajara, 2011

In the 17th Century, New Spain transpacific relations were more intense than is commonly supposed. Trade in goods and migration of people from both shores of the Pacific Ocean were boosted by the Nao of China voyage that each year linked the Mexican port of Acapulco and the Asiatic port of Manila, capital of Philippines which at that time was an Spanish colony administered from New Spain. It was through these contacts that were woven many stories of Asian migrants in Mexico. This article reports on one such story: that of two Japanese entrepreneurs who joined the Guadalajara society. One of them advanced to the highest rungs of that society to become the administrator, for two decades, of the tributes that Catholic Church collected in the region named New Galicia. We present here the results of a thoroughly research which supposed scrutinizing each day of that century in the historical archives of the city.

Resumen: La defi nición de los extremos del itinerario que estableció el galeón de Manila a partir de 1565, con especial atención al frente norteamericano en el que las Californias se convirtieron desde inicios del siglo xvii en un punto básico de la política internacional española en el Pacífi co, corrobora el proceso de control territorial que se había iniciado ciento cincuenta años antes, evidenciando la importancia que adquirió el Mar del Sur como espacio de relación. Si bien no podrán ser tratados todos los aspectos que consideramos implicados para comprender el proceso analizado, en el caso de las Californias, su papel fue paulatinamente más importante desde que se establecieron de un modo defi nitivo los primeros asentamientos misionales.

2014

and the late Jerry Bentley. Jerry Bentley and his world history program were what lured me to study at UH and my years working under him, while few, were tremendously rewarding. The World History program at Hawaii proved to be a dynamic intellectual community that aided me in more ways that can be counted. My interest in the Acapulco-Manila galleon trade began back in 2007 at San Diego State University while working under David Christian and Paula De Vos, both of whom helped me set the groundwork for this study as an MA thesis. Researching this project would not have been possible without the resources made available to me by the staff of the Ayer Collection at the Newberry Library in Chicago, Illinois. Thanks are also due to the staff members of the Pacific Collection at the University of Hawaii's Hamilton Library, the Hatcher Graduate Library at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and the Latin American Collection at the University of Florida.

Vegueta: Anuario de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia, 2020

This article presents a micro-historical analysis of the life of Thome Gaspar de León, the South Indian-born Christian who became one of the most successful merchants in Manila’s intra-Asian trade and one of the most trusted agents of the Hispanic monarchy in Asia in the mid-eighteenth century. Combining social and economic history methodologies, this study provides new insight into patterns of empire-building in maritime Southeast Asia and the Pacific. It highlights Manila’s previously neglected role as an intra-Asian trading hub and reveals how its commercial connections to Batavia, Macao, and other regional port cities forged by men like León ultimately strengthened Spain’s Asian empire. Ésta es una aproximación microhistórica a la vida de Thome Gaspar de León, un cristiano nativo del sur de la India, quien a mediados del siglo XVIII se convertiría en uno de los más exitosos comerciantes intra-asiáticos de Manila, así como uno de los más confiados agentes de la monarquía española en Asia. Combinando los métodos de la historia social y económica, este estudio brinda nuevas perspectivas sobre la construcción imperial en el sudeste asiático y el Pacífico. También resalta el minimizado papel de Manila como eje comercial intra-asiático y muestra como los nexos comerciales forjados por figuras como De León, en puertos como Macao o Batavia, fortalecieron la presencia española en Asia.

Hispanic Review, 2009