Temporal Properties of Persian and English

The manuscript presents an investigation on aspectual semantics in English and Uzbek typologically. The main focus is directed to cognitive investigation of aspectual semantics. Aspectual semantics associates telic and atelic predicates on the scope of an observerin cognitive research. A cognitive approach in investigation of aspectual phenomena is linked with type of aspectual situation. It serves to determine aspectual situation types.

The present article investigates the category of temporality in the English language and demonstrates the ways of its expression in English sentences. The author enumerates types of adverbial modifier of time and enlightens the problem of expression of temporality in the structure of English sentence. The article covers a deep linguistic analysis of the syntactic component of adverbial modifier of time in English. The article provides a definition of the grammatical term \"adverbial modifier of time\" and ways of its expression in English sentences.

UCLA working papers in linguistics, 2005

Journal of Child Language, 2008

ABSTRACTThai has imperfective aspectual morphemes that are not obligatory in usage, whereas English has obligatory grammaticized imperfective aspectual marking on the verb. Furthermore, Thai has verb final deictic-path verbs that form a closed class set. The current study investigated if obligatoriness of these grammatical categories in Thai and English affects the expression of co-occurring temporal events and actions depicted in three different short animations. Ten children aged four years, five years, six years and seven years, and ten adults as a comparison group from each of the two languages participated. English speakers explicitly expressed the ongoingness of the events more than Thai speakers, whereas Thai speakers expressed the entrance and exit of protagonists depicted in the animations significantly more than English speakers. These results support the notion that obligatory grammatical categories shape how Thai and English speakers express temporal events or actions.

Mohamed Abdelmaged Omer Musa, 2019

This paper which entitled degree of action in relation to time targeted to identify the phasing of action in time from the viewpoints of the two languages in question. For the purpose of this paper, the researcher adopted descriptive-analytical method, as it is compatible with the nature of study. It is reached that the degree of action in relation to time from the perspective of English language phases four time positions, whereas action's degree in time in the view of the Arabic language phases three times. With reference to the study's results, the researcher recommends that further studies to pinpointing the shortcomings in the field concerned should be carried out. It is also significant that more attention should be given to the notions of time that might specify the degree of action in relation to time in other languages.

Lingua, 2005

In this paper we analyse the interdependence of Persian nonverbal (NV) elements and the light verb (LV) in determining the syntactic properties, the event structure, and the alternation possibilities of the entire complex predicate (CP). We argue that these properties provide strong evidence for a constructionalist approach to such phenomena, like that of Keyser (1993, 2002), and that the combination of compositionality and syntactic independence effects observed in these constructions, are difficult, if not impossible, to deal with in a projectionist approach. # structure of its heavy counterpart. Furthermore, although the LV determines the agentivity (xordan 'collide' versus zadan 'hit') and the eventiveness of the CPr, it fails to completely determine its event structure and telicity. Thus, depending on the NV element, the same LV may occur in different types of event structure. For example, the LV xordan 'collide' may occur in both accomplishment and achievement complex predicates, while the LV zadan 'hit' can occur in activity, accomplishment, and semelfactive complex predicates, when combined with different NV elements. We argue that when the LV allows for event type variation (as in the case of xordan 'collide'), it is the category of the NV element that determines the event structure of the whole CPr. That is, if the NV element is a noun, the CPr is atelic (activity or semelfactive), unless the noun is itself eventive (see Section 5), in which case the CPr may be telic (accomplishment)). If the NV element is an adjective, an adverbial particle, or a prepositional phrase, the CPr is telic (accomplishment or achievement). This is summarized in (1):

Studies in Language Companion Series, 2014

The following article deals with phasal verbs, i.e., verbs referring to a special phase of an entire event. Thus, for instance, start refers to the beginning of an event whereas stop and finish focus on an event's final phase. After a general introduction, I shall show in Section 1.2 that there is a direct line from medieval thinking about event phases to recent semantic theories as they have been developed since the 1960s or so onward. Three influential modern theories are discussed in the second section, namely: (1) Jackendoff 's account of the cognitive mechanism used to delimit events and their initial and final sub-phases; (2) Pustejovsky's theory of the interaction of phasal verbs with their complements; and (3) Partee and Bennett's analysis of phasal verbs within their interval semantics. In the main Section 3 I try to integrate these approaches to the semantics of phasal verbs within a more elaborate and comprehensive model for the semantic description of phasal verbs. The discussion will show that a coherent and descriptively adequate analysis of phasal verbs is possible and that phasal verbs must be recognized as constituting a grammatical class at least in the languages discussed here. 1. In the Anglo-American tradition the term "aspect" has been widely used both for aktionsart phenomena and aspectual classes in the narrow sense, the latter referring for example to grammaticalized aspect in aspectual verb pairs, as most evidently realized in the Slavic languages. This terminological ambiguity should, naturally, be avoided (Engerer & Nicolay 1999: 333). Dowty's, and, by the way, Vendler's "aspectual classes", too, cover, on the background of these "Slavic" inspired distinctions, semantic-temporal aktionsart features, and, in addition, do not comprise, as the term "aspectual class" perhaps suggests, classes of lexical forms, but, in the first place, classes of syntactically analyzable complex expressions.

First Language, 1998