Magnets in Dentistry

IOSR Journals , 2019

Magnets are a topic of interest with their numerous applications in dentistry. They have been used most commonly in orthodontics and prosthodontics. Their main use in orthodontics has been for tooth movement, maxillary expansion, in functional appliances and in prosthodontics as a retentive aid in maxillofacial prosthesis and in overdentures. The reason for the popularity of magnets is related to their small size and strong attractive forces; these attributes allow them to be placed within prostheses without being obtrusive in the mouth. The force they deliver can be directed, and they can exert their force through mucosa and bone as well as within the mouth. This article reviews the types of magnets available, designs of magnetic attachments and their reaction with bone and mucosa, their applications, followed by their advantages and disadvantages.

Magnets have generated a great interest within dentistry and their applications are numerous mainly in retentive aids. The two main areas of use in dentistry are orthodontics and removable prosthodontics. The reason for popularity of magnets is their small size and attractive forces. This allows them to be placed within the prosthesis without being obstructive in the mouth. Mainly rare earth permanent magnets and soft ferro magnetic alloys are used in dental prosthesis. Retention of dentures by magnets is provided by their attraction or repulsion forces. Devices retaining the overdenture magnetically are called magnetic attachments. This article reviewed the alloys and method for magnetic attachments in overdentures.

Oral d characteristics. If possible, extractions should be avoided for all patients who already suffered extensive bone loss because of the reduced stability and retention of the future denture, especially the lower one. Magnets increase retention of partial or complete dentures and overdentures regardless of the path of insertion. Magnets are easy to use alone or together with any type of retainers. Patient A.S., female, 62 years-old, referred the dental office for a complete rehabilitation complaining of chewing inefficiency and inesthetic appearance. The patient has a pathological history of osteoporosis and diabetes. The only mandibular tooth excepted from extraction was the canine (3.3) because of its good implantation and stability. After the surgical phase and the root canal treatment of 3.3, a cap-type magnetic attachment (Magfit, Aichi Steel Corporation, Japan) was applied. The technical simplicity, the usefulness for geriatric and handicapped patients, the increased control of jaw function trough the maintained periodontal ligament and the physiological action of magnetic forces in the tooth axis are arguments for the use of magnets.

2015

Magnets have been used in prosthodontics for many years, but success has been limited because of their susceptibility to corrosion by the saliva and their retentive force is weak relative to the initial retention offered by mechanical attachments. More recently, magnets have been made from alloys of rare earth elements samarium and neodymium, which provide stronger magnetic force per unit size. In addition, a new generation laser welded containers has improved protection from salivary corrosion. The current resurgence of interest in this type of attachment appears justified because, unlike mechanical attachments, magnets have potential for unlimited durability and superior to mechanical ball or bar attachments for the retention of removable prostheses on implants. As the magnets can be manufactured in smaller dimensions, it can be used as retentive component in removable partial denture for rehabilitation in the esthetic zone, obturators, maxillofacial prosthesis and implant over de...

IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd, 2017

Magnets have been utilized as a part of dentistry for a long time, most generally to help the maintenance of dentures and over dentures in dentistry. Lately, magnets and attractive power have been recommended as a contrasting option to customary orthodontic gadgets, for example, elastics, springs, and curve wires. Attractive gadgets offer an ideal and naturally safe power producing framework for orthodontic tooth development. The power between two magnets drops significantly with remove and even at little separations separated the powers can be low. At the point when warmed they can endure impressive loss of transition and, in this way, compel. The introduction of one magnet to another is absolutely critical and when not in idealize arrangement the power between them drops fundamentally. This survey article portrays the different attractive applications in various clinical circumstances.

Case Reports in Dentistry, 2013

Prosthetic rehabilitation of the midfacial defects has always perplexed prosthodontists. These defects lead to functional and esthetic deficiencies. The purpose of this clinical case report was the presentation of the prosthetic rehabilitation of an extraoral-intraoral defect using two-piece prosthesis magnetically connected. This prosthesis has dramatically improved the patient’s speech, mastication, swallowing, and esthetic.

IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences, 2020

Magnets have been widely used in orthodontics, there have been concerns regarding their safety and possible harmful effects. Magnets are used in number of conditions like, Relocation of Unerupted teeth; Space closure with magnets; Molar intrusion and correction of anterior open bite; Molar distalization; Maxillary expansion; Functional appliances for correction of Class II malocclusion; Functional Appliances for Class III malocclusions; Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, snoring; Extrusion of crown-root fractured teeth; Closure of mid-line diastema; Correction of hemifacial microsomia. At present the most promising clinical uses for these magnets are mainly confined to tooth movement for impacted teeth, and Class II and Class III malocclusions, as well as for treatment of open bite cases. In particular the long term effects of correction of open bite with magnetic appliances have to be evaluated.

The journal of contemporary dental practice

The aim of this report is to describe a quick and simple method of positioning retention magnets when deformed patients are rehabilitated with an oculopalpebral prostheses attached to a maxillary denture/obturator.

The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics, 2012

Facial prosthesis is generally considered over surgical reconstruction to restore function and appearance in patients with facial defects that resulted from cancer resection. Retention of the prosthesis is challenging due to its size and weight. Retention can be achieved by using medical grade adhesives, resilient attachments, clips and osseointegrated implants. It can also be connected to obturator by magnets. This clinical report highlights the rehabilitation of a lateral midfacial defect with a two piece prosthesis that included an extra oral facial prosthesis and an intraoral obturator with the use of magnets. [

… . International Journal of …, 2010

The use of a magnetic attachment in a removable partial denture of a patient with periodontal tissue loss O uso dos magnetos em prótese parcial removível de pacientes com perda de tecido periodontal