Human nasal rhinosporidiosis: a case report from Malawi

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease, characterized by polypoidal lesions of the mucous membrane. It commonly affects the mucous membrane of the nose, pharynx, conjunctiva and palate. Rhinosporidium seeberi is the causative agent. Higher prevalence is seen in the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, mainly in south India but remains quite rare in the northern states. Presented here is a case of a 32-year-old female with a polypoid nasal rhinosporidiosis. The patient presented with a long-standing history of right nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis since the last 2 years. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination and she was successfully treated by complete surgical excision. Nasal rhinosporidiosis lesions may largely mimic other ordinary nasal polyps, hence, it is very crucial for clinicians in the northern region to consider rhinosporidiosis as a differential diagnosis when assessing patients presenting with nasal swellings.

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease characterized by polypous lesion of the mucous membrane caused by rhinosporidium seeberi which predominantly affects the mucous membrane of the Naso-pharynx, conjuctiva and palate. Rhinosporidiosis can be easily misdiagnosed as a neoplastic disease, and hence, it is necessary to educate the public and medical community about this emerging disease entity in our region. Aim: To report a rare case of nasal rhinosporidiosis in a 13-year-old male patient from Sokoto, North Western Nigeria. Case Report: A 13-year-old male Quranic child from gwadabawa village in Sokoto State, North Western Nigeria, whose parents are rice farmers, presented in the ENT clinic of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital with 15-month history of intermittent epistaxis and left nasal mass noticed one month before presenting. He was examined clinically and a pinkish polypoidal mass arising from the septum and filling the left nasal cavity was seen. He subsequently had a biopsy of the mass and histopathological examination with special histochemical staining, which confirmed rhinosporidiosis. Conclusion: Rhinospridiosis is an unusual cause of nasal masses in our region and is probably a fungal disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in this region. This lesion largely mimics ordinary nasal polyp; therefore, it is an important possible differential diagnosis to be considered in our region when evaluating patients with nasal masses.

https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR_Vol.6_Issue.5_May2019/Abstract_IJRR003.html, 2019

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare granulomatous entity that affects mucosa of nose, nasopharynx, conjunctiva and palate. Rhinosporidium seeberi is the causative agent. It is most common in southern India subcontinent and Sri Lanka. Here we present a rare case of nasal rhinosporidiosis in 11 year old boy who presented with Right nasal growth associated with nasal obstruction.

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2016

Introduction: Rhinosporidiosis is one of the common tropical diseases in ENT practice in this subcontinent having the affinity for the mucosa of upper respiratory tract-chiefly the nose & nasopharynx. Though this chronic granulomatous disease is quite common in this subcontinent but its distribution is not even. Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the age distribution, clinical sign-symptoms& attachment of rhinosporidiosis, that's mean to establish the clinical profile of the patient.

2017

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi which was once believed to be a sporozoan and then was included in phycomycetes, and now included under Mesomycetozoa. It is one of the common tropical diseases, most commonly affecting the mucosa of upper respiratory tract, chiefly the nose and nasopharynx. Other sites such as conjunctiva, lacrimal glands and subcutaneous tissue may also get infected. It presents as polypoidal mass. Aim and objective: To study incidence, age and gender distribution and clinicopathological features of Rhinosporidiosis. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of 20 cases was undertaken over a period of 5 years (July 2012 to June 2017) in the Department of Pathology, Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad. The resected tissue specimens were subjected to routine processing, cutting; staining and histopathological features were studied with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results: Nasal cavity was most commonl...

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2014

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of rhinosporidiosis in various groups of people & to know the various possibilities of extra nasal presentation as well as manifestations, so that the disease can be diagnosed early & proper treatment can be given at an early date. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTINGS: Tertiary referral center [VSS Medical College, Burla.] MATERIAL & METHODS: For the observation on various presentations of rhinosporidiosis, the patients coming with mass in nose, complaining of nasal obstruction or recurrent epistaxis, & in mass in the other site of the body suspected to suffer from rhinosporidiosis were studied, treated & followed up in the department of ENT, VSS Medical College Hospital, Burla, Sambalpur. All such cases from September 2010 to August 2012 were taken into account. Their detailed history taken & their treatment is followed up. The results obtained are presented. RESULTS: Nose was the most common [MC] site of rhinosporidiosis. In the extranasal presentation nasopharynx is the MC site. Other sites are eye, skin & larynx. Common age group of involvement is 21-30 years. Males are affected more. The disease is prevalent among rural population. Nasal obstruction & epistaxis are the MC presenting symptom in nasal rhinosporidiosis. In nasopharyngeal cases foreign body sensation, stuffiness in ear & speech defect are the presenting symptoms. Ocular cases mostly presented with mass in conjunctiva or foreign body sensation in eye with bloody discharge. CONCLUSION: Atypical presentation of rhinosporidiosis in head and neck region is rare. Very often, this atypical presentation causes dilemma in diagnosis and creates confusion. Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis should be kept in mind in all granulomatous lesions involving the mucous membranes in the endemic area.

Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 2015

Rhinosporidiosis, is a chronic granulomatous disease presenting as a polypoidal mass in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi and is endemic in India and Sri Lanka. Diagnosis is mainly by clinical observations and is confi rmed by histopathology. We report a case of atypical rhinosporidiosis that presented as an oropharyngeal mass and mimicked chronic tonsillitis. Hence possibility of this atypical rhinosporidiosis should be included in the clinical differential diagnosis of any posterior oral or oropharyngeal mass, particularly when managing patients from rural endemic areas.

2016

To study incidence and clinicopathological features of nasal rhinosporidiosis, amongst inflammatory lesions of the nose. A Retrospective study of biopsy specimens from nose, diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis on histology, over a ten year period from January 2002 to October 2012, was carried out. The detailed clinical history was collected from clinical record. The tissues were studied with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain and Periodic acid Schiff stain (PAS). Total 09 cases of nasal rhinosporidiosis were studied. Rhinosporidiosis was most commonly seen in 2 nd and 3 rd decade with 3 (37.50%) cases in each. The youngest patient was 11 years old and oldest was 40 years old. All cases were seen in males. All the 9 patients of rhinosporidiosis presented with nasal mass, in addition epistaxis was seen in 6 (75%) cases. Rhinosporidiosis earlier thought to be protozoan now proved as of bacterial origin, often presenting as nasal mass with epistaxsis in young adult males.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and nasopharynx. It is endemic in South Asia and commonly affects males in their second to fourth decades of life. Majority of the cases are found in the upper respiratory tract such as anterior nares, nasal cavity, inferior turbinate, nasal septum, floor, and nasopharynx. Although nose or nasopharynx is the most common location for rhinosporidiosis, it can also involve the skin, parotid duct, oropharynx, and larynx. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with extensive rhinosporidiosis in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx along with involvement of the roof of the oral cavity through erosion of the hard palate. The mainstay of treatment is wide excision followed by electrocautery of the base which ablates the recurrence. The rhinosporidiosis mass from different sites of the attachment was completely excised along with cauterization of the base. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological report.

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, 2015

IntroductionRhinosporidiosis commonly affects nasal mucosa but may have varied presentations depending upon the site of involvement. Materials and Methods119 patients of rhinosporidiosis, attending the two medical colleges of West Bengal over a period of two years were reviewed. ResultsGranulomatous lesion in the nose and nasopharynx was the commonest presentation. The most common symptoms were nasal obstruction, bleeding from the nose and nasal discharge. The less commonly involved sites were the eye, penis, skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone. DiscussionMost of the extranasal rhinosporisdiosis were secondary to nasal disease. Extranasal lesions do not have the typical granular polypoid appearance of the nasal and nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis. Extranasal rhinosporidiosis could be excised with minimal operative bleeding. ConclusionRhinosporidiosis has nasal and extranasal presentations. This chronic disease may also present acutely with respiratory distress or haemorrhage....