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2017
AI
This volume examines gender inequality in the Australian tax-transfer system, emphasizing its implications on women's economic empowerment and safety. It critiques the current marginalization of gender impact analysis in Australian budgeting and advocates for a Women's Budget Statement to ensure comprehensive evaluation of policies affecting women. Key recommendations emphasize the need for targeted investments in human capital and systemic gender analysis to foster real policy change towards gender equality.
European Journal of Social Security, 2012
The restructuring of modern capitalist welfare states is characterised by the tendency to individualise social protection. This article develops a simple and conceptually sound typology to analyse and classify these reforms and measures with regard to their effects on women's financial well-being. It distinguishes between policy measures that aim to improve women's financial situations, policies that reduce women's benefits and ‘gender neutral’ policies. For distinguishing between policies that have a positive or negative effect on women's (own) financial situation, I introduce three sets of criteria. The direct elimination of negative discriminatory constraints can work out positively for women. On the other hand, if the conditions that originally motivated the establishment of positive discrimination remain, the elimination of earlier forms of (positive) discrimination can bring unexpected hardship. Therefore, their abolition is often is phased in over quite long p...
Feminist Economics, 2002
2017
Gender equality has been widely embraced as a priority in a number of developing countries in recent years. Despite the stated goal, governments frequently note they lack the fiscal space to fund public sector investments to promote equality in education, health and livelihoods. Public spending on gender equality could more usefully be construed as an investment rather than simply an expense. This chapter considers the main macroeconomic challenges for financing for gender equality. Crucial theoretical linkages between expenditures to promote gender equality and fiscal space are identified. This is supported by empirical evidence on the beneficial effects of inclusive and equitable policies in a variety of developing countries. Key alternative policies and measures in relation to financing for gender equality that deserve policymakers’ attention are described.
2010
The issue of taxes has always been a highly politicized one in the UK, and never more so than in 2009 as the UK government discusses how to rebalance its budget after rescuing its banking sector with its economy suffering its most severe financial crisis since the 1930s. Debates about taxes, however have tended to focus mainly on the overall level of taxation and government expenditure and on distributional effects between households. With the exception of the work of the Women's Budget Group, a think tank that regularly comments on the gender implications of the Chancellor of the Exchequer’s annual budgets, little attention has been paid to the gender aspects of the taxation system. In particular, there has been little debate about what effects any proposals for tax rises to pay for a 2008 stimulus package or for bailing out the banking sector are likely to have on men and women. This chapter seeks to address this gap by analysing some gender aspects of the UK personal income t...
New Frontiers in Feminist Political Economy, 2013
This volume brings together the work of outstanding feminist scholars who reflect on the achievements of feminist political economy and the challenges it faces in the twenty-first century. The volume develops further some key areas of research in feminist political economy-understanding economies as gendered structures, and economic crises as crises in social reproduction, as well as in finance and production; assessing economic policies through the lens of women's rights; analysing global transformations in women's work; making visible the unpaid economy in which care is provided for family and communities, and critiquing the ways in which policymakers are addressing (or failing to address) this unpaid economy. It covers a wide range of issues such as trade, labour conditions and human rights, the nature of work and empowerment strategies, but brings these diverse topics together by viewing them through the twin lenses of feminist international political economy and feminist development theory. The essays are based on grounded empirical work, which makes them accessible to a general readership. This book should be a major reference text on many undergraduate and graduate courses.
Gender-Competent Legal Education
From Adam Smith’s 1776 classic “The Wealth of Nations” until modern times, the principle of fairness has remained one of the crucial principles on which tax systems are to be based. However, even modern tax and budgetary systems are far from being gender equitable. This chapter provides an analysis of the ways in which taxation, as well as the subsequent spending of resources collected therewith, influence gender equality within a household, at the workplace and within the broader economy. This analysis should enable the reader to utilise the gender equality principle as a framework for re-evaluating the applicable national and international sources of tax law, as well as public expenditure management on various levels of the government. This chapter will show why gender equality should become a priority for governments when creating their fiscal policy and executing their budgets.
Gender Equality #1, 2022
This report provides a brief and up-to-date overview of the global state of gender equality policy and research. In the first part, dealing primarily with policy, the report lists the main actors and stakeholders in the field and outlines the development of international legal and policy frameworks on gender equality and related issues. The report also introduces key frameworks and perspectives on gender equality and briefly discusses the main aspects and dimensions identified across various approaches. In the second part, dealing with empirical issues, the author examines the main sources of empirical evidence, international analytical studies and indicators, and data depositories on gender equality. Finally, the report concludes with the chapter outlining key limitations and empirical data gaps in internationally available empirical evidence.
Social Politics, 2009
2008
Introduction Much of the feminist debate at the international level concerns the issue of human rights. In so far as human rights promote the fair and equal treatment of individuals regardless of gender, class, race, ethnicity, sexuality, and religious orientation, feminism and human rights seem to be natural allies. Many feminists argue for the importance of fully including women in the scope and application of human rights. Clearly, women should be offered the basic protections and freedoms that men enjoy. Moreover, feminists argue that simply extending human rights to women does not go far enough because there are a number of gender specific circumstances, such as reproductive issues and domestic violence, that remain outside the scope of human rights as currently conceived. This approach to securing women's equality globally focuses on women's inclusion in the scope of human rights, and questions the gender neutrality of the concept of human rights. In contrast to this f...
Parliament is the place where politicians make laws to set the policy direction of countries. Non-involvement of different voices such as gender, race and ethnicity in policy decisions may create an inequality in policy-making. Regarding gender, previous literature suggests that women and men may have different policy preferences and women give more priority to policies related to their traditional roles as care givers to children in the family. Public spending on family allowances is one of the economic policies that plays an important role in helping families for the childcare. This paper contributes to the literature by analyzing the relationship between female political representation and public spending on family allowances as well as within a perspective of critical-mass framework. Overall findings support the fact that when the fraction of female politicians is above a certain critical-mass threshold, there is a significantly different allocation of public spending on family allowances.
Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, 2022
Family matters (Melbourne, Vic.)
Springer eBooks, 2023
Authors are listed in alphabetical order. Sect. 12.2 was written by Branko Radulović and Sect. 12.3 was authored by Vanesa Hervías Parejo. Sect. 12.1 and 12.4 were written jointly.
Feminist Economics, 2002
Gender budgets have now been introduced in varying forms in more than forty countries throughout the world. These exercises emerged out of feminist practical politics initially in Australia and later in a number of other countries. The idea of gender budgets gathered further momentum when the United Nations Beijing Platform for Action called for the integration of a gender perspective into budgetary decision-making. Most of these experiments share three core goals. They seek to: (1) mainstream gender issues within government policies; (2) promote greater accountability for governments' commitment to gender equality; and (3) change budgets and policies. However, very little research has examined their success in achieving these goals. In discussing the lessons learnt from the Australian experience, this paper adopts a feminist political economy perspective on the state as an analytical starting point for discussing the future of gender budgets elsewhere in the world.
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