Edmund Pellegrino: moralidade médica e a teoria do consenso moral

Apresentação do debate clássico e/ou recente acerca da Moral e da Ética a partir da perspectiva antropológica e do seu diálogo com as demais disciplinas Humanas e Sociais. Indicação da transversalidade temática desta abordagem e da sua possível e existente interlocução com campos específicos (religião, política, economia, saúde e medicina, gênero e sexualidade entre outros).

Saúde, Ética & Justiça, 2013

The author discusses the relationship between Science and Morals: the ethical dilemmas related to the advancements of Science and the contention concerning Moral in the light of scientific methods. Included are such questions, as "What is right in criticizing Science from a moral point of view?"-"What is justifiable in the reaction against the present way of thinking and acting?"-and, moreover, "What is legitimate in the accusation that current moral codes were surpassed by the advancements of scientific knowledge of man, as a thinking and social being?"-more generally: "What are, in fact, the different aspects of the relationship between Science and Ethics?"-"Is it true that Science is amoral and Morals cannot be scientific?"-which, thus, leads the reflection towards a critical review of the authoritarian aspect of an imposed Morality. The author states that the moral decision, must be rooted in knowledge, emotion and as much freedom, as possible.

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar as percepções dos enfermeiros de um hospital privado do município de São Paulo com relação ao conceito do assédio moral. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, do qual participaram 11 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com questões norteadoras posteriormente analisadas pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade Categorização Temática. Resultados: a partir dos depoimentos dos enfermeiros, foi possível verificar as diversidades, divergências e dificuldades dos mesmos em definir corretamente o conceito de assédio moral. Conclusão: o estudo aponta para a importância de se criar espaços de discussão sobre o assédio moral no trabalho por causa da dificuldade que os profissionais enfermeiros têm em conceituar o termo assédio moral. Descritores: Enfermagem; Assédio não Sexual; Conflito; Comportamento Social; Formação de Conceito; Moral.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the perceptions of the nurses of a priv...

Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 2019

There has been significant debate about whether the moral norms of medical practice arise from some feature or set of features internal to the discipline of medicine. In this article, I analyze Edmund Pellegrino's conception of the internal morality of medicine, and situate it in the context of Alasdair MacIntyre's influential account of "practice." Building upon MacIntyre, Pellegrino argued that medicine is a social practice with its own unique goals-namely, the medical, human, and spiritual good of the patient-and that the moral norms that govern medical practice are derived from these goals. After providing an overview of Pellegrino's work, I discuss some forceful objections to his theory-specifically, that it is too rigid and incapable of entering into dialogue with contemporary values systems; that it is dependent on an external conception of human flourishing; and that it is incompatible with the rapidly changing nature of modern medicine. In the final section of this article, I consider how theorists working in the Hippocratic tradition might respond to these objections against ethical essentialism by drawing upon MacIntyre's historico-cultural method as well as what he calls Aristotle's "metaphysical biology."

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line, 2016

Objective: to analyze the moral suffering frequency and intensity experienced by nursing staff. Methodology: a survey study with 95 professionals working in the inpatient and attendance sector in a teaching hospital in Paraná/PR. A form with socio demographic and labor questions, and a rating scale of frequency and intensity of moral suffering was applied. Results: the situations that cause higher MS frequency are due to inadequate working conditions of professionals in the institution (1,5 points), while the highest intensity construct was related to the staff lack of competence to work (2,15 points). Conclusion: the hospital nursing technicians coexist in a pleasant way to the situations causing moral suffering in their daily lives, and recognize the factors causing them greater MS during their operations. Descriptors: Nursing Ethics; Psychological Stress; Professional Exhaustion; Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a frequência e intensidade do sofrimento moral vivenciados pelos técnicos de enfermagem. Método: estudo do tipo survey com 95 profissionais atuantes nos setores de internação e atendimento de um hospital de ensino no Paraná/PR. Foi aplicado um formulário com questões sociodemográficas e laborais e uma escala de avaliação da frequência e intensidade do sofrimento moral. Resultados: as situações que provocam maior frequência de SM se devem às condições de trabalho insuficientes dos profissionais na instituição (1,5 pontos), enquanto o constructo de maior intensidade foi relacionado à falta de competência da equipe para o trabalho com 2,15 pontos. Conclusão: os técnicos de enfermagem do hospital convivem de maneira amena com as situações causadoras de sofrimento moral em seu cotidiano, e reconhecem os fatores que lhes causam maior SM no decorrer de sua atuação. Descritores: Ética em Enfermagem; Estresse Psicológico; Esgotamento Profissional; Enfermagem. RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la frecuencia y la intensidad de la angustia moral vivida por los técnicos de enfermería. Metodología: estudio de tipo survey con 95 profesionales que trabajan en el sector de ingreso y servicio de un hospital escuela en Paraná/PR. Se aplicó un formulario con cuestiones socio demográficas y laborales y una escala de evaluación de frecuencia y intensidad de la angustia moral. Resultados: Situaciones que provocan una mayor frecuencia de AM es debido a las condiciones de trabajo inadecuadas de los profesionales de la institución (1,5 puntos), mientras que la más alta intensidad de construcción se relaciona con la falta de competencia del equipo para el trabajo (2,15 puntos).Conclusión: Los técnicos de enfermería del hospital coexisten en una manera agradable con las situaciones que causan angustia moral en su vida diaria, y reconocer los factores que los causan mayor AM durante sus operaciones. Descriptores: Ética en Enfermería; Estrés Psicológico; Agotamiento Profesional; Enfermería.

MEDICAL ETHICS AND THE REALISTIC NOTION OF THE HUMAN PERSON: THE TERMINAL PATIENT IN THE BRAZILIAN CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS (Atena Editora), 2023

The aim of this article is to analyze the notion of the human person in the current Brazilian Code of Medical Ethics (2018), from the perspective of epistemological and bioethical problematization of paradigm shifts in codified medical ethics. In analyzing the new Code, we propose to conceive a personalist reading (in an ontological sense) of Human Rights (Chapter IV of the Code of Medical Ethics). With this, we emphasize the objective recognition of the dignity of the human person (in particular with regard to the terminal patient), which is the basis of an adequate justification of the benign-humanitarian paradigm.

The Linacre Quarterly, 2002

Revista Latino-americana De Enfermagem, 2013

Objective: To know the strategies of resistance adopted by nursing staff, facing situations of moral distress, from an ethical perspective. Method: The authors conducted qualitative research through semi-structured interviews, with fifteen nursing staff members of a university hospital in the extreme south of Brazil, using textual discourse analysis and the theoretical reference of Foucault. Results: Two categories were constructed: denial of oneself and the other-in which one perceives that the nursing staff can perform actions that are governed predominantly by immobility and conformism, avoiding confrontations with whoever represents power in situations that provoke moral distress in them; possibility to care for oneself and for the other-in which nursing workers in situations that provoke moral distress for them exercise power and endurance. Conclusion: it was perceived that some professionals seem to use ethical coping strategies, in order to ensure and preserve their professional values. However, often the choice of some nursing professionals may be to relapse into immobility and the absence of building strategies of endurance. This situation may represent their reduced exercise of power and insufficient resistance in the face of ethical problems, contributing to the intensification of their invisibility in the area of health.

International Journal of Health Science, 2023

The aim of this article is to analyze the notion of the human person in the current Brazilian Code of Medical Ethics (2018), from the perspective of epistemological and bioethical problematization of paradigm shifts in codified medical ethics. In analyzing the new Code, we propose to conceive a personalist reading (in an ontological sense) of Human Rights (Chapter IV of the Code of Medical Ethics). With this, we emphasize the objective recognition of the dignity of the human person (in particular with regard to the terminal patient), which is the basis of an adequate justification of the benignhumanitarian paradigm.