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La fundació de la ciutat romana d’Empúries. Noves dades

2023, El gran canvi La fundació de les primeres ciutats romanes al nord-est de la Hispània Citerior

Abstract

Over the course of it history, Empúries has always been a unique city. Its peculiarity is especially evident, in that it is the only case in the Iberian Peninsula where there was a Greek city on the site before the Roman one. This was, without a doubt, a determining factor, in the same way as were all the political and military actions related to Empúries from the Second Punic War onwards. M. Porci Cato’s campaign, at the beginning of the 2nd century BC, against a coalition of Iberian peoples and the creation, shortly afterwards, of a fortified military installation next to the ancient Greek nucleus, were the main events prior to the new urban foundation in the upper part of the Emporitan hill, which occurred in the first quarter of the 1st century BC. The dense Emporitan historiography, based on classical sources and archaeological evidence, has been complex and has led to various interpretations. The archaeological data we have available to us today from the various sectors of the city lead to the foundation being dated between the years 90‑75 BC. However, there are still large areas of its urban layout to explore. In this nucleus, Caesar left legionnaires from his army, possibly to refound the city as a colony. Later, the Municipium Emporiae, created in the Augustan period, united the Greek and Roman cities in a single enclosure, which evolved until the abandonment of the site at the end of the High Empire.