Other Contributions 1983 Acid Rain : A Transnational Perspective

1983

co-directors of The Institute, during the preparation of this article in Heidelberg. I also acknowledge with pleasure the high level of professional assistance provided me in my research by Frau Petra Weiler, United Nations Documents Librarian, at the Institute Library and Mr. Joachim Schwietzke, the Institute Librarian-together with the helpful insights of Dr. Lothar Gundling and Dr. Peter Macalister-Smith. It is an added pleasure to recognize the research assistance of Vincent J. Petrozzo, a former student, for his efforts relative to the consideration of interstate domestic actions for transboundary pollution. Naturally, the views and positions which I have taken in this article are solely my own. "The acid rain problem is in many respects so subtle, and the research so new and complex, that a clear picture of its nature and precise impacts will probably not be available for many years." ' Mostafa K. Tolba, Director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, observed that there are basically two aspects to current environmental concerns over transboundary pollution: determination by consensus of the likely effects specific pollutants have on the environment; and acceptance of legal responsibility for causing either a direct or indirect release of those pollutants.' There are three major ways to reduce the sulfur oxide content of combustion gases: by using fuels which have low sulfur content, by desulfurizing fuels before they are burned or by desulfurizing stack gases

Environment 40: 3, April, pp.16-20, 41-45, 1998

1995

European Environment, 2007

2018

Ambio

Because of its serious large-scale effects on ecosystems and its transboundary nature, acid rain received for a few decades at the end of the last century wide scientific and public interest, leading to coordinated policy actions in Europe and North America. Through these actions, in particular those under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, air emissions were substantially reduced, and ecosystem impacts decreased. Widespread scientific research, long-term monitoring, and integrated assessment modelling formed the basis for the policy agreements. In this paper, which is based on an international symposium organised to commemorate 50 years of successful integration of air pollution research and policy, we briefly describe the scientific findings that provided the foundation for the policy development. We also discuss important characteristics of the science–policy interactions, such as the critical loads concept and the large-scale ecosystem field studies....

IJARW, 2020

Acid rain is one of the prominent environmental severe threats for the last hundred years. The activities of implementation of Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), Acid Rain Program (ARP) and NOx budget training program (NBP) have led to a significant reduction in the SO2, NOx emission and deposition of acid in the environment. The US EPA have implemented the cross state rule and litigation (CSAPR) for 2011, reduces the near boundary activities of releases between USA and Canada. This article summarizes the problems in various environmental aspects and reviews the progress report of US EPA (2013). Keyword: Acid rain, acidification, acid deposition, causes and effects of acid rain.

Environ Sci Policy, 1998

Science plays an important role in the resolution of environment and energy issues. Based on more than 40 years of experience as agency representatives, analysts and science program managers during the 1980s and 1990s, the authors provide their perspectives on some aspects of the interplay between science and policy in the acid rain assessment process. The topics addressed include the setting of science-based policy questions, the establishment of `semipermeable barriers' between science and policy, oversight and governance, baseline scenarios, assessments, funding, and scienti®c products and peer review. Lessons to be learned from NAPAP have relevance to conducting other major environmental assessments.