An analysis of Twitter messages in the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2019

Emergency situations generate a high requirement for information, and on the other hand diminish its availability. In the last decade, intellectuals and government authorities have assessed the potential of information circulating through social networks, mainly the one originated from natural disasters. Because of its direct and fast way of communication, and because of the reach of its network, Twitter® is the most used social platform for crisis management. Twitter analytics is a rising area of study. The goal of this research is to analyze the time and content scopes of a significant dataset of tweets in the first 72 h of the 2017 Mexico earthquake around three official profiles. The methodology used is based on text mining techniques; the tweets have been classified into five categories based on the purpose, responses and behavior of both the authorities and the public. The results indicate that the messages about actions, information, and opinion categories predominated over emotions, and technology.

2nd International Workshop on Social Web for Disaster Management (swdm2013) WWW 2013 Companion Publication pp.1025-1028, 2013

Such large disasters as earthquakes and hurricanes are very unpredictable. During a disaster, we must collect information to save lives. However, in time disaster, it is difficult to collect information which is useful for ourselves from such traditional mass media as TV and newspapers that contain information for the general public. Social media attract attention for sharing information, especially Twitter, which is a hugely popular social medium that is now being used during disasters. In this paper, we focus on the information sharing behaviors on Twitter during disasters. We collected data before and during the Great East Japan Earthquake and arrived at the following conclusions: -Many users with little experience with such specific functions as reply and retweet did not continuously use them after the disaster.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022

Recently social media plays a major role and providing information during disasters. This paper mainly focuses on how people used social media, especially Twitter, in response to the country's worst flood, Earthquake that had occurred recently. And these tweets collecting analyzed using machine learning algorithms such as Naïve Bayes, Random Forests, Decision Tree, sentiment Analysis .during the disaster social media provides a surplus of information which includes information about the natural disaster, affected people's emotions, and relief efforts. And collect the tweets relating to disasters and build the sentimental classifier to categorize the user's emotions during disaster based on various distress levels. Various analysis techniques are applied in collecting tweets.

This paper looked into how Twitter was used by users three days after the 2015 Nepal earthquake and which communication behavior were reflected in the microblogs. Grounded on the Uses and Gratifications Theory (U&GT) and the Situational Theory of Publics (STP), this risk and crisis communication study proceeded with a content analysis of 300 tweets per day mined from April 26 to 28, 2015. After data mining, inter-rating schemes which involved four trained raters sat down to analyze the data based on the research problems. Results showed that the top function of Twitter was the helping function followed by information, communication, and political functions, respectively. Although the predominance of these functions were uniquely different compared with findings in previous studies, results revealed that certain functions of Twitter persisted across various crises. In addition, most users exhibited problem-facing behavior while only a number of users showed constrained behavior. This implied that those who took to Twitter possessed high problem recognition of the crisis and point to how Twitter was used to spread information, making it a very useful social media tool during a crisis. Moreover, results supported Grunig (2013) who argued that, in times of crisis, people become active users of social media tools. Implications for risk and crisis communication plans based on the findings of the study are discussed.

PloS one, 2016

When disaster events capture global attention users of Twitter form transient interest communities that disseminate information and other messages online. This paper examines content related to Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda) as it hit the Philippines and triggered international humanitarian response and media attention. It reveals how Twitter conversations about disasters evolve over time, showing an issue attention cycle on a social media platform. The paper examines different functions of Twitter and the information hubs that drive and sustain conversation about the event. Content analysis shows that the majority of tweets contain information about the typhoon or its damage, and disaster relief activities. There are differences in types of content between the most retweeted messages and posts that are original tweets. Original tweets are more likely to come from ordinary users, who are more likely to tweet emotions, messages of support, and political content compared wi...

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to analyze the disaster communication patterns and behaviors of Twitter users. Flood disaster in the Jabodetabek area became an unexpected event in early 2020. The flood inundated 23 areas in Bekasi, two regions in Bogor, and 17 areas in Jakarta. Information about floods became a trending topic on the 1st of January 2020. Methodology: The method used is social network analysis and text analysis #Banjir2020 on Twitter, using Netlytic and Gephi. The sample analyzed 1000 tweets from 304 users and 670 edges. The data was selected from the 10th to 13th of January 2020. Netlytic.org limits that we can only retrieve tweets data from Twitter for less than 2 weeks due to API limitations. Main Findings: The result shows that #Banjir2020 disaster communication patterns on Twitter formed five significant clusters on its network. The communication occurred as one-way communication. A low level of network density showed that the quiet intensit...

The research presented in this paper attempts an initial evaluation of Twitter as an instrument for emergency response in the context of a recent crisis event. The case of the 2013 disaster, when typhoon Haiyan hit Philippines is examined by analyzing nine consecutive days of Twitter messages and comparing them to the actual events. The results indicate that during disasters, Twitter users tend to post messages to enhance situation awareness and to motivate people to act. Furthermore, tweets were found reliable and provided valuable information content, supporting the argument that Twitter presents a very good potential to become a useful tool in situations where rapid emergency response is essential

In news media of late, much has been touted about the agency of social and mobile media in the events of political uprising or at times of natural disasters and crisis management. While these events did not become events because of social media, the media did affect how we experienced the situation. This leads us to ask, Just how helpful are social mobile media in maintaining relationships in times of crisis management, and how, if at all, do they depart from previous media and methods? Drawing from case studies conducted with participants living in Tokyo at the time of the horrific events surrounding Japan's earthquake and tsunami disaster of March 11, 2011 (called 3.11), this article reflects on the role of new media in helping, if at all, people manage crisis and grief. The authors argue that while social media provide new channels for affective cultures in the form of mobile intimacy, they also extend on earlier media practices and rituals such as the postcard.

Communication Quarterly, 2015

ABSTRACT Little is known about the ways in which social media, such as Twitter, function as conduits for information related to crises and emergencies. The current study analyzed the content of over 1,500 Tweets that were sent in the days leading up to the landfall of Hurricane Sandy. Time-series analyses reveal that relevant information became less prevalent as the crisis moved from the prodromal to acute phase, and information concerning specific remedial behaviors was absent. Implications for government agencies and emergency responders are discussed.

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, 2012

Online social networking websites such as Twitter and Facebook often serve a breaking-news role for natural disasters: these websites are among the first ones to mention the news, and because they are visited by millions of users regularly the websites also help communicate the news to a large mass of people. In this paper, we examine how news about these disasters spreads on the social network. In addition to this, we also examine the countries of the Tweeting users. We examine Twitter logs from the 2010 Philippines typhoon, the 2011 Brazil flood and the 2011 Japan earthquake. We find that although news about the disaster may be initiated in multiple places in the social network, it quickly finds a core community that is interested in the disaster, and has little chance to escape the community via social network links alone. We also find evidence that the world at large expresses concern about such largescale disasters, and not just countries geographically proximate to the epicenter of the disaster. Our analysis has implications for the design of fund raising campaigns through social networking websites.