Protection of Transformer

International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2016

Transformers are a vital part of the transmission and distribution system. Monitoring transformers for problems before they occur can prevent faults that are costly to repair and result in a loss of service. Transformers being the essential part of power transmission system are expensive, as is the cost of power interruptions. Because of the cost of scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, especially at remote sites, the utility industry has begun investing in instrumentation and monitoring of transformer. This paper describes the design and implementation of “Transformer Protection and Parameters Monitoring”. The aim of this paper is to provide an alternative, effective, efficient and more reliable method of protecting fault from power transformer which may arose as a result of overload, high temperature or a high input voltage. To safeguard the damage of the transformer with the aid and help of microcontroller we monitor and control the entire circuitry. Thereafter regarding the mo...

Lucrarea analizeaza principalele functii de protectie utilizate pentru protejarea transformatoarelor de putere. Functiile mai putin utilizate in terminalele numerice sunt apoi succinct prezentate. Schemele logice de realizare a protectiei diferentiale si maximale in TPT 100 sunt descrise in continuare. In incheiere sunt prezentate principalele avantaje oferite de protectiile digitale.

2015

In this project all designs are constructed based on two major systems. One is RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) and another is PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) is temperature sensors that provide the variable resistance value as its temperature changes. It gives the output of the value of resistance corresponding to the transformer winding temperature to PLC. A programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a digitally operating system designed for use in an industrial environment, which uses a programmable memory for its internal operation of user-oriented instructions and for implementing specific function such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic. PLC has a program on the microprocessor then microprocessor processing the program on base of RTD output and PLC gives command to start the cooling fan to decrease the temperature. If temperature is increasing over the safety limit than PLC disconnects the incoming power of the tra...

Over the years the power systems of developing countries specifically Nigeria is becoming more unstable due to several factors among which is the continuous faults developed by power system components and of particular interest is power transformers, providing a solution to this challenge is the motivation behind this research work. This paper presents the development of a microcontroller-based power transformer overload protection system, with a communication capacity to notify the utility staff a case of abnormalities caused by overloading. The protection system consists of a GSM Module, Voltage sensor, Buzzer, Relay and an ATMEGA328 microcontroller programmed in C-Language. The system was designed to intelligently senses a situation where the transformer is overloaded using the voltage sensor. A relay is triggered to disconnect the primary side of the transformer from the load and also send an SMS message to the utility staff, that a certain transformer is overloaded. The results obtained from the test carried out on the system shows that the SMS was sent to the utility company as overload condition occurred likewise the relay disconnected the load to isolate the transformer from service thereby securing it from damage.

The aim of the research paper is to protect the distribution transformer from dysfunctional due to the overloading currents, high voltage spikes and overheating of transformers oil.. Distribution transformer is a key component for electrical energy transfer in power systems. So, appropriate protection of transformer is essential for continuity of electric power supply. In this research paper, protection scheme is implemented using Ardunio Microcontroller that is very high speed and cost effective device with enhanced accuracy. Microcontroller sense the current of load and temperature of transformer continuously. As the value of current and voltages increases from pre-set values, protection scheme operates and trips the load. Likewise, as the temperature increases to a set value, a fan would be turned on for cooling the transformer. Complete design of protection scheme with hardware has been presented. At the end, successful results have been shared justifying the proposed technique.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2013

https://www.ijert.org/automation-of-distribution-transformer-using-microcontroller-a-survey-approach https://www.ijert.org/research/automation-of-distribution-transformer-using-microcontroller-a-survey-approach-IJERTV2IS100510.pdf Transformers are vital element of the electric power transmission and distribution infrastructure, they need to monitor to prevent any potential faults. Failure in transformer can easily cost several million dollars to either repair or replace, and will also cause a loss of service to customers’ revenue until the symptoms is found and repaired. In the past, many innovative techniques have been proposed for the protection of transformers but all those systems lack in providing a robust and sophisticated embedded system which can maintain transformers. This paper proposes the automation of the transformer using microcontroller. Various parameters such as temperature, current and oil level of the transformer are monitored. Any abnormal condition causes the microcontroller to trip the relay and the cause for increase in temperature is also displayed, thus the transformer is protected from severe damage.

Power transformers are key components for electrical energy transfer in a Power system. In order to protect the transformers from these faults different protective methods are adopted. Some of them are differential protection, over excitation Protection, etc. In this Paper Over Voltage protection is established for the protection of the transformer. Microcontroller is used for the Power Transformer Protection as a relay. It will sense the fault Due to over voltage of about +5% and send trip signal to the relay driver circuit and the power transformer will automatically get isolated from the system. The Simulation circuit is designed in Proteus Software and analyzed successfully. The Programming is also done accordingly

Student Conference on Research and Development, 2002

This paper describes the design and implementation of the micro controller-based system for protecting power . transformer. The system includes facilities for discrimination between intemal fault current and magnetizing imush current, differential protection, over current protection, over voltage protection and under voltage protection. In this paper, software and hardware of micro controller based system have been explained and designed. The design implementation and testing of the system are also presented.

Transformers play out a crucial part in a power system in ensuring dependable power delivery to power consumers. This paper contributes the idea of approximately exceptional varieties of transformer protection to be extra useful for investigating the protection system of the transformer. In this review paper, an exertion to assemble improvements in the protection of the transformer. Endeavors had been developed to cover every one of the methods and philosophies used to that end. This consists of transformer protection using a PLC system, Fuzzy set, GSM module, relay, Arduino, etc. This paper additionally consists of observing & controlling the transformer with the assist of a PLC system and single-board pc. It additionally shows the impact of inrush current on transformer protection. There are numerous significant parts introduced in the transformer which are exorbitant so these must be protected in an abnormal condition. The transformer plays a top-notch task within the power system to alternate voltage and current levels so proper protection for the transformer is essential to keep up dependability in the system. Normally, a properly planed transformer protection system presents an extremely good life with no uninterrupted power supply. To grow life, efficiency, ordinary performance then reduces strain on the transformer is the simplest way so this protection system assist here to study those matters properly.

In any electrical distribution system distribution transformer considered as a heart of the system. For this reason, working of transformer should be reliable. The main problem associated with the distribution transformer is overloading, which causes the failure of the transformer and thus the whole system gets affected and makes the system unreliable. Overloading of transformer means taking more current than it’s designed value of the transformer secondary. To take the control over this overloading issue, we have a solution called ‘protective relay’. Generally protective relay works on the electromagnetic principle. It protects the transformer in overload condition. Protective relay is generally coupled with the circuit breaker, which isolates the system in overload conditions. In this paper we have used microcontroller for designing this protecting relay. Microcontroller based relays are more popular because of no mechanical operation.