Bookand Chapter Smart Multifunctional Nano-ink

2017

Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Direct synthesis and inkjeting of silver nanocrystals toward printed electronics'. Institute of Physics Pub lishing, Nanotechnology 17 (2006), pp. 2424-2428. Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Environmentally friendly synthesis of organic soluble silver nanoparticles for printed electronics', IPO Publishing, Nanotechnology 18 (2007), pp. 1-5. Kwi Jong Lee, et al., “Direct synthesis and bonding orgins of monolayer-protected silver nanocrystals from silver nanocrystals from silver nitrate through in situ ligand exchange'. Journal of Col loid and Interface Science 304 (2006), pp. 92-97.

Advanced Electronic Materials, 2015

2017

This paper is divided into 2 parts to present a review on nanotechnology consumer products (‘Nanotech’ products) and a current status on ‘Nano-Safety’ issue. The first part focuses on up-to-date information of ‘Nanotech’ products that were already on the market as reported by Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. There are more than 500 products for a variety of applications, among which health and fitness products are the largest category. The products in this group consist of clothing, cosmetics and sunscreens. Silver is the most commonly used material, followed by carbon in the forms of either nanotubes or fullerenes, and silica, respectively. It is reported that the number of the ‘Nanotech’ products significantly increased about 124% within the past 14 months. Companies based in the United States share more than 50% of the products while, approximately, a quarter is shared by companies in East Asia. The restare for Europe a...

2013 13th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO 2013), 2013

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It is well established that printers emit nanoparticles during their operation. To-date, however, the physicochemical and toxicological characterization of ''real world'' printer-emitted nanoparticles (PEPs) remains incomplete, hampering proper risk assessment efforts. Here, we investigate our earlier hypothesis that engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in toners and ENMs are released during printing (consumer use). Furthermore, we conduct a detailed physicochemical and morphological characterization of PEPs in support of ongoing toxicological assessment. A comprehensive suite of state of the art analytical methods and tools was employed for the physicochemical and morphological characterization of 11 toners widely utilized in printers from major printer manufacturers and their PEPs. We confirmed that a number of ENMs incorporated into toner formulations (e.g. silica, alumina, titania, iron oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, cerium oxide, carbon black among others) and released into the air during printing. All evaluated toners contained large amounts of organic carbon (OC, 42-89%), metals/metal oxides (1-33%), and some elemental carbon (EC, 0.33-12%). The PEPs possess a composition similar to that of toner and contained 50-90% OC, 0.001-0.5% EC and 1-3% metals. While the chemistry of the PEPs generally reflected that of their toners, considerable differences are documented indicative of potential transformations taking place during consumer use (printing). We conclude that: (i) Routine incorporation of ENMs in toners classifies them as nano-enabled products (NEPs); (ii) These ENMs become airborne during printing; (iii) The chemistry of PEPs is complex and it reflects that of the toner and paper. This work highlights the importance of understanding life-cycle (LC) nano-EHS implications of NEPs and assessing real world exposures and associated toxicological properties rather than focusing on ''raw'' materials used in the synthesis of an NEP.

Nanotechnology, Science and Applications, 2016

Printed electronics will bring to the consumer level great breakthroughs and unique products in the near future, shifting the usual paradigm of electronic devices and circuit boards from hard boxes and rigid sheets into flexible thin layers and bringing disposable electronics, smart tags, and so on. The most promising tool to achieve the target depends upon the availability of nanotechnology-based functional inks. A certain delay in the innovation-transfer process to the market is now being observed. Nevertheless, the most widely diffused product, settled technology, and the highest sales volumes are related to the silver nanoparticle-based ink market, representing the best example of commercial nanotechnology today. This is a compact review on synthesis routes, main properties, and practical applications.

2017

Nanotechnology Research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020, 2011

Technologies

Over the last 10 years, inkjet printing technologies have advanced significantly and found several applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical sector. Thermal inkjet printing is one of the most widely used techniques due to its versatility in the development of bioinks for cell printing or biosensors and the potential to fabricate personalized medications of various forms such as films and tablets. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the principles of inkjet printing technologies highlighting their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, the review covers a wide range of case studies and applications for precision medicine.