Background

Every child and adolescent has the right to access the full spectrum of safe and effective treatments for psychiatric disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment modality that has been in use in pediatric patients since the 1940s. Research and clinical experience have consistently affirmed the safety and effectiveness of ECT in treating pediatric patients, including those whose illness has been refractory to other treatments. ECT devices that are legally marketed in the US are indicated for the treatment of catatonia or severe depressive episodes associated with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in patients aged 13 and older who are treatment-resistant, or who require a rapid response due to the severity of their psychiatric or medical condition.

In alignment with its commitment to advancing access to evidence-based care for youth, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry:

• Recommends that all children and adolescents have access to ECT when indicated, including individualized assessment and access to ECT treatment procedures and associated clinical services,
• Strongly opposes any efforts – legal, legislative, and otherwise – to block access to ECT, and
• Supports funding for continued research on the use of ECT in child and adolescent psychiatric disorders.

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The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry promotes the healthy development of children, adolescents, and families through advocacy, education, and research. Child and adolescent psychiatrists are the leading physician authority on children’s mental health.

Approved by Council February 2025