2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2011
Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication.... more Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication. Based on 377 completed standardized questionnaires this study contributes to this field of research. To test the relation between learning aids and learning styles ...
2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2011
Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication.... more Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication. Based on 377 completed standardized questionnaires this study contributes to this field of research. To test the relation between learning aids and learning styles ...
International Journal of Culture Tourism and Hospitality Research
Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of th... more Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of their target groups. This study aims to show the importance of certain website content/applications as perceived by specific user segments, and reveal a posteriori segments based on motivational factors for reading user-generated content (UGC). The study then seeks to visualize the connections between segments, their perceived importance of website applications, and further explanatory variables, by applying correspondence analysis (CA). The authors show that creative usage of CA may give insight into the varying contributions of certain variables through the exclusion of scale categories or segments. Design/methodology/approach ‐ The authors collected 440 completed questionnaires in an online survey. Of the 240 respondents who read UGC, the authors clustered motivational factors by applying a vector quantization method, and then used CA to give insights into the importance of website cont...
Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated informat... more Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated information systems and advanced educational requirements speech also recognizes growing importance in human-computer interaction. The present study investigates a text-to-speech (TTS) feature in a learning context. 252 questionnaires allow for descriptions concerning positive and negative experiences of TTS learners. Additionally, descriptive insights for enjoyment factors are provided and differences between German and English texts are shown. Furthermore, preferences of different learning styles and values of TTS features conveyed are explored. Findings provide a starting point for more specific future studies through insights into TTS evaluation in a learning context. Based on positive and negative experiences 13 dimensions relevant for a performance measurement scale are suggested. It is shown that among others, theoretical texts and exercises are appreciated as TTS especially by the aural ...
Abstract With the growing importance of e-learning and increased competition among e learning pro... more Abstract With the growing importance of e-learning and increased competition among e learning providers, website designers must cater to users' needs more accurately. Interfaces need to provide the features users demand to experience an optimal learning ...
Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einigen Attributen, die für einen Betreiberwechs... more Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einigen Attributen, die für einen Betreiberwechseï osterreichischer Mobiltelefonkunden ausschlagge-bend sind. Die in Betracht kommenden Attribute sind Preiserhöhungen des derzeitigen Telekommunikationsanbieters, die Möglichkeit, die Telefonnum-mer beim Wechsel des Mobilfunkbetreibers mitzunehmen, sowie die Tatsache, dass die Grundgebühr beim derzeitigen Betreiber noch weiterbezahlt werden muss, sofern der Vertra uber einen gewissen Zeitraum geschlossen wurde. Zusätzlich wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Teilnutzenwerte von den Charakteristiken der Mobiltelefonkunden wie beispielsweise der Preissen-sitivität der Kunden oder der bisherigen Vertragsdauer abhängen. Die vor-rangige Zielsetzung dieses Beitrages besteht allerdings in der Illustration der bei der Analyse von Paarvergleichen eingesetzten Methode, dem 'Erweiterten Log-linearen Bradley-Terry Modell' (LLBT). Dabei wird Schritt für Schritt die Transformation der v...
International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2012
ABSTRACT Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the ne... more ABSTRACT Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of their target groups. This study aims to show the importance of certain website content/applications as perceived by specific user segments, and reveal a posteriori segments based on motivational factors for reading user-generated content (UGC). The study then seeks to visualize the connections between segments, their perceived importance of website applications, and further explanatory variables, by applying correspondence analysis (CA). The authors show that creative usage of CA may give insight into the varying contributions of certain variables through the exclusion of scale categories or segments. Design/methodology/approach ‐ The authors collected 440 completed questionnaires in an online survey. Of the 240 respondents who read UGC, the authors clustered motivational factors by applying a vector quantization method, and then used CA to give insights into the importance of website content/applications for certain segments. The paper explains how matrices can be simplified in order to facilitate interpretation, and applies Rasch analysis to ensure the accuracy of this simplification. Findings ‐ The results indicate that six segments exist with different motivations for accessing UGC: enthusiasts, mavericks, tips and price optimizers, safety players, uncommercials, and avoiders. For these different segments, the perceived importance of diverse website content/applications vary. The authors show that interpretation may be simplified, without the loss of substantive information, by combining scale levels and excluding neutral categories. The Rasch analysis also supports combining categories. Research limitations/implications ‐ The authors also show how the demonstration of certain effects can be enhanced by animated graphics, and that these can then be embedded into PDF files. However, embedding of animations only makes sense for digital articles or media in general; in a printed version, the reader would need to be redirected to a website. Practical implications ‐ Social media website providers need to be aware that diverse segments perceive the importance of content/applications differently, and designers should customize a website accordingly. Finally, and in terms of methodology, this paper highlights how CA is valuable for management presentations because it displays categorical data in an easy-to-read graph format. Originality/value ‐ No research has hitherto shed light on the connection between the perceived importance of website content/applications and the motivational factors for accessing UGC. This paper contributes to filling this gap.
2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2013
ABSTRACT Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated... more ABSTRACT Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated information systems and advanced educational requirements speech also recognizes growing importance in human-computer interaction. The present study investigates a text-to-speech (TTS) feature in a learning context. 252 questionnaires allow for descriptions concerning positive and negative experiences of TTS learners. Additionally, descriptive insights for enjoyment factors are provided and differences between German and English texts are shown. Furthermore, preferences of different learning styles and values of TTS features conveyed are explored. Findings provide a starting point for more specific future studies through insights into TTS evaluation in a learning context. Based on positive and negative experiences 13 dimensions relevant for a performance measurement scale are suggested. It is shown that among others, theoretical texts and exercises are appreciated as TTS especially by the aural learning style to enable for instance language learning on the go.
Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007), 2007
ABSTRACT Several learning object metadata (LOM) elements are of limited value, due to their seman... more ABSTRACT Several learning object metadata (LOM) elements are of limited value, due to their semantic ambiguity. This study was carried out to operationalize the educational metadata element "difficulty" for multiple choice questions. For this purpose it considers both variables derived from the software used for composing and marking exams automatically, as well as didactic variables having an influence on the difficulty of multiple choice questions. The result is a classification scheme for multiple choice questions by difficulty. With the help of the findings an improvement can be achieved concerning the compilation of multiple choice exams and the quality standards set up can serve as guidelines for examiners when creating exams.
2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2014
In the educational domain Online Learning Environments (OLEs) have become part of many institutio... more In the educational domain Online Learning Environments (OLEs) have become part of many institutions' Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure. As revealed by previous studies, instructors in combination with their ability to utilize ICT are the key for creating an effective OLE. While previous work mostly focused on the identification of adoption barriers, this study investigates drivers related to OLE's main functions. By applying the paired comparison technique and analysis of more in-depth questions we can conclude that feature-driven adoption patterns are determined by variables such as instructor's age and experience with OLEs, while gender only partly influences the adoption of OLEs. Based on these findings, concrete practical conclusions can be drawn for providers of OLEs and the governing body of schools using these OLEs.
Problem Statement: Nowadays, multiple choice (MC) tests are very common, and replace many constru... more Problem Statement: Nowadays, multiple choice (MC) tests are very common, and replace many constructed response (CR) tests. However, literature reveals that there is no consensus whether both test formats are equally suitable for measuring students' ability or knowledge. This might be due to the fact that neither the type of MC question nor the scoring rule used when comparing test formats are mentioned. Hence, educators do not have any guidelines which test format or scoring rule is appropriate.
This study summarizes success factors of virtual worlds (VWs) examined in scientific studies. One... more This study summarizes success factors of virtual worlds (VWs) examined in scientific studies. One success factor attracting users is that VWs comprise a critical mass of residents. The most popular social VW Second Life (SL) struggles to reach this criterion. Nevertheless, businesses put time and money into virtual representations. This research aims at revealing reasons for this effort by conducting four empirical studies in the field of tourism. The first two studies examine the supply side, evaluating representations and looking at drivers for doing business in SL, the other two studies focus on the demand side. The aim is to detect reasons for using SL as an information source and to reveal underlying values SL provides to its residents. Results show that the supply side uses SL to arouse emotions, to target new customers, and for relationship management. Travelers are attracted by added values the social VW provides.
2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2011
Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication.... more Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication. Based on 377 completed standardized questionnaires this study contributes to this field of research. To test the relation between learning aids and learning styles ...
2011 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2011
Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication.... more Abstract There is evidence that different learning styles require diverse modes of communication. Based on 377 completed standardized questionnaires this study contributes to this field of research. To test the relation between learning aids and learning styles ...
International Journal of Culture Tourism and Hospitality Research
Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of th... more Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of their target groups. This study aims to show the importance of certain website content/applications as perceived by specific user segments, and reveal a posteriori segments based on motivational factors for reading user-generated content (UGC). The study then seeks to visualize the connections between segments, their perceived importance of website applications, and further explanatory variables, by applying correspondence analysis (CA). The authors show that creative usage of CA may give insight into the varying contributions of certain variables through the exclusion of scale categories or segments. Design/methodology/approach ‐ The authors collected 440 completed questionnaires in an online survey. Of the 240 respondents who read UGC, the authors clustered motivational factors by applying a vector quantization method, and then used CA to give insights into the importance of website cont...
Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated informat... more Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated information systems and advanced educational requirements speech also recognizes growing importance in human-computer interaction. The present study investigates a text-to-speech (TTS) feature in a learning context. 252 questionnaires allow for descriptions concerning positive and negative experiences of TTS learners. Additionally, descriptive insights for enjoyment factors are provided and differences between German and English texts are shown. Furthermore, preferences of different learning styles and values of TTS features conveyed are explored. Findings provide a starting point for more specific future studies through insights into TTS evaluation in a learning context. Based on positive and negative experiences 13 dimensions relevant for a performance measurement scale are suggested. It is shown that among others, theoretical texts and exercises are appreciated as TTS especially by the aural ...
Abstract With the growing importance of e-learning and increased competition among e learning pro... more Abstract With the growing importance of e-learning and increased competition among e learning providers, website designers must cater to users' needs more accurately. Interfaces need to provide the features users demand to experience an optimal learning ...
Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einigen Attributen, die für einen Betreiberwechs... more Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einigen Attributen, die für einen Betreiberwechseï osterreichischer Mobiltelefonkunden ausschlagge-bend sind. Die in Betracht kommenden Attribute sind Preiserhöhungen des derzeitigen Telekommunikationsanbieters, die Möglichkeit, die Telefonnum-mer beim Wechsel des Mobilfunkbetreibers mitzunehmen, sowie die Tatsache, dass die Grundgebühr beim derzeitigen Betreiber noch weiterbezahlt werden muss, sofern der Vertra uber einen gewissen Zeitraum geschlossen wurde. Zusätzlich wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit die Teilnutzenwerte von den Charakteristiken der Mobiltelefonkunden wie beispielsweise der Preissen-sitivität der Kunden oder der bisherigen Vertragsdauer abhängen. Die vor-rangige Zielsetzung dieses Beitrages besteht allerdings in der Illustration der bei der Analyse von Paarvergleichen eingesetzten Methode, dem 'Erweiterten Log-linearen Bradley-Terry Modell' (LLBT). Dabei wird Schritt für Schritt die Transformation der v...
International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2012
ABSTRACT Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the ne... more ABSTRACT Purpose ‐ The relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of their target groups. This study aims to show the importance of certain website content/applications as perceived by specific user segments, and reveal a posteriori segments based on motivational factors for reading user-generated content (UGC). The study then seeks to visualize the connections between segments, their perceived importance of website applications, and further explanatory variables, by applying correspondence analysis (CA). The authors show that creative usage of CA may give insight into the varying contributions of certain variables through the exclusion of scale categories or segments. Design/methodology/approach ‐ The authors collected 440 completed questionnaires in an online survey. Of the 240 respondents who read UGC, the authors clustered motivational factors by applying a vector quantization method, and then used CA to give insights into the importance of website content/applications for certain segments. The paper explains how matrices can be simplified in order to facilitate interpretation, and applies Rasch analysis to ensure the accuracy of this simplification. Findings ‐ The results indicate that six segments exist with different motivations for accessing UGC: enthusiasts, mavericks, tips and price optimizers, safety players, uncommercials, and avoiders. For these different segments, the perceived importance of diverse website content/applications vary. The authors show that interpretation may be simplified, without the loss of substantive information, by combining scale levels and excluding neutral categories. The Rasch analysis also supports combining categories. Research limitations/implications ‐ The authors also show how the demonstration of certain effects can be enhanced by animated graphics, and that these can then be embedded into PDF files. However, embedding of animations only makes sense for digital articles or media in general; in a printed version, the reader would need to be redirected to a website. Practical implications ‐ Social media website providers need to be aware that diverse segments perceive the importance of content/applications differently, and designers should customize a website accordingly. Finally, and in terms of methodology, this paper highlights how CA is valuable for management presentations because it displays categorical data in an easy-to-read graph format. Originality/value ‐ No research has hitherto shed light on the connection between the perceived importance of website content/applications and the motivational factors for accessing UGC. This paper contributes to filling this gap.
2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2013
ABSTRACT Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated... more ABSTRACT Speech is the most natural form of face-to-face communication. Due to more sophisticated information systems and advanced educational requirements speech also recognizes growing importance in human-computer interaction. The present study investigates a text-to-speech (TTS) feature in a learning context. 252 questionnaires allow for descriptions concerning positive and negative experiences of TTS learners. Additionally, descriptive insights for enjoyment factors are provided and differences between German and English texts are shown. Furthermore, preferences of different learning styles and values of TTS features conveyed are explored. Findings provide a starting point for more specific future studies through insights into TTS evaluation in a learning context. Based on positive and negative experiences 13 dimensions relevant for a performance measurement scale are suggested. It is shown that among others, theoretical texts and exercises are appreciated as TTS especially by the aural learning style to enable for instance language learning on the go.
Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007), 2007
ABSTRACT Several learning object metadata (LOM) elements are of limited value, due to their seman... more ABSTRACT Several learning object metadata (LOM) elements are of limited value, due to their semantic ambiguity. This study was carried out to operationalize the educational metadata element "difficulty" for multiple choice questions. For this purpose it considers both variables derived from the software used for composing and marking exams automatically, as well as didactic variables having an influence on the difficulty of multiple choice questions. The result is a classification scheme for multiple choice questions by difficulty. With the help of the findings an improvement can be achieved concerning the compilation of multiple choice exams and the quality standards set up can serve as guidelines for examiners when creating exams.
2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2014
In the educational domain Online Learning Environments (OLEs) have become part of many institutio... more In the educational domain Online Learning Environments (OLEs) have become part of many institutions' Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure. As revealed by previous studies, instructors in combination with their ability to utilize ICT are the key for creating an effective OLE. While previous work mostly focused on the identification of adoption barriers, this study investigates drivers related to OLE's main functions. By applying the paired comparison technique and analysis of more in-depth questions we can conclude that feature-driven adoption patterns are determined by variables such as instructor's age and experience with OLEs, while gender only partly influences the adoption of OLEs. Based on these findings, concrete practical conclusions can be drawn for providers of OLEs and the governing body of schools using these OLEs.
Problem Statement: Nowadays, multiple choice (MC) tests are very common, and replace many constru... more Problem Statement: Nowadays, multiple choice (MC) tests are very common, and replace many constructed response (CR) tests. However, literature reveals that there is no consensus whether both test formats are equally suitable for measuring students' ability or knowledge. This might be due to the fact that neither the type of MC question nor the scoring rule used when comparing test formats are mentioned. Hence, educators do not have any guidelines which test format or scoring rule is appropriate.
This study summarizes success factors of virtual worlds (VWs) examined in scientific studies. One... more This study summarizes success factors of virtual worlds (VWs) examined in scientific studies. One success factor attracting users is that VWs comprise a critical mass of residents. The most popular social VW Second Life (SL) struggles to reach this criterion. Nevertheless, businesses put time and money into virtual representations. This research aims at revealing reasons for this effort by conducting four empirical studies in the field of tourism. The first two studies examine the supply side, evaluating representations and looking at drivers for doing business in SL, the other two studies focus on the demand side. The aim is to detect reasons for using SL as an information source and to reveal underlying values SL provides to its residents. Results show that the supply side uses SL to arouse emotions, to target new customers, and for relationship management. Travelers are attracted by added values the social VW provides.
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Papers by Margit Kastner