uploaded image won’t appear in widget

This is the strangest thing I’ve ever encountered in WordPress. I’m trying to upload an image into a text block in a widget. It worked originally, but a few months later, my images have disappeared in Firefox, they sometimes appear in Chrome and Safari. It seems when I upload the image the phrase “style=”display: none !important;” is being inserted into the text. Where is this coming from? I can upload a different image, it appears, but my social media icons are hiding from me. I do not even get an empty box showing where an image should be. The images are .png files, does this make a difference? I delete this phrase from the text version in the widget, save it and the phrase miraculously reappears! AARRGGHH!

From my research, Jetpack can be an issue, so I deactivated it. Still the same issue of the style=”display: none !important;” phrase being inserted.

I have the widgets in both the header on the right and in the middle footer. They appear or disappear seemingly at random, so what you see may not be what I see. But any help is appreciated!

The page I need help with: [log in to see the link]