Data for: Location of Health Professionals: The Supply Side
Data for wage and rent analysis across US MSAs. Medwage3a.xls provides data for all health profes... more Data for wage and rent analysis across US MSAs. Medwage3a.xls provides data for all health professionals. RNs-2.xls provides data for Registered Nurses.
Urban/regional economic analyses help explain several features of health service providers includ... more Urban/regional economic analyses help explain several features of health service providers including output determination. Spatial agglomerations increase factor productivity, and therefore rents paid and wages earned. Larger agglomerations imply higher rents and wages, justifying the clustering of health professionals in large cities and medical centers. We show for 372 US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (2013) that health professionals' wages increase significantly with increased total employment, but fall as the proportion of the total labor force comprised by the sectors within the regional economy increases. Rents respond similarly, although with smaller elasticities. The wage-rental ratio (W/R) decreases with total regional employment, but increases with jobs per thousand in the health sector. Exogenous factors like heating and cooling degree days are consistent with slight positive increases in the W/R. Inclusion of W/R in a model that accounts for the covariance of wages and rents yields supply elasticities from + 3.47 to + 7.20 for all medical providers, and from + 0.22 to + 0.43 for registered nurses. These interregional elasticities (particularly for nurses) are consistent with estimates in other contexts.
of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City provided assistance with the LPS data. We are indebted... more of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City provided assistance with the LPS data. We are indebted to the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and LPS Applied Analytics for providing access to the data via a research affiliation between Brent C. Smith and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. All views, however, are the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Additionally, all errors are the sole responsibility of the authors.
This. paper extends hedonic price analysis to the formation of housing price indices measuring va... more This. paper extends hedonic price analysis to the formation of housing price indices measuring variation within a metropolitan area. In forming these indices fifteen submarkets, heterogeneous across time and space, are described within a short-run equilibrium model. Linear functional forms are generally rejected using a method proposed by Box and Cox. Aggregation of hedonic price coefficients into standardized units yields significantly higher housing prices in the central city than in its suburbs, as well as differential effects of structural and neighborhood improvements among submarkets.
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1997
An extensive literature on substance abuse and mental health treatments suggests that they often ... more An extensive literature on substance abuse and mental health treatments suggests that they often lead to decreased usage and/or spending on other medical treatments. We compare alcohol and drug abuse treatment costs with a model that decomposes total treatment costs into amount of treatment (outpatient visits or inpatient days) and costs per treatment. The analysis compares alcohol and drug abuse treatment costs regarding: (1) the incremental costs attributable to changed short-term substance abuse and nonsubstance abuse treatments; (2) the impacts of current substance abuse treatments on short-term nonsubstance abuse, long-term substance abuse, and long-term nonsubstance abuse treatments; and (3) the difference in inpatient and outpatient impacts. Our findings indicate that alcoholism and drug abuse treatment initiation have similar impacts on coincident and subsequent utilization and costs. For both treatments, the largest portions of the cost impacts occur for inpatient treatments, and for treatments that occur within 6 months of the initiation. The similarity of results suggests that it may often be reasonable to infer utilization and cost impacts for one type of care from studies that examine the other.
Location spillovers are a common theme in real estate and urban economics research, but this is t... more Location spillovers are a common theme in real estate and urban economics research, but this is the first test on the relationship between hospital service quality and the demand for proximate medical office space. We hypothesize that hospitals with reputations for high quality service represent an opportunity for physicians, and other service providers, to benefit from reputation spillovers. Further, the reputation benefit is capitalized into the practices’ willingness to pay for proximate office locations, thereby driving up the rental rates for nearby space. We find that distance from, and overall quality ranking of the hospital, both independent and in concert, are significantly linked to the base rents. The degradation in rent with distance is significantly greater when the hospital is ranked high in overall service quality, supporting the notion that a rent premium is linked to the high-quality hospital rather than simply an artifact of the neighborhood.
Willingness to pay for car efficiency: A hedonic price approach
Page 1. WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CAR EFFICIENCY A Hedonic Price Approach By Allen C. Goodman* In th... more Page 1. WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CAR EFFICIENCY A Hedonic Price Approach By Allen C. Goodman* In the wake of two severe oil price "shocks" in the past decade, automobile efficiency (usually measured in miles per gallon, or MPG) has assumed great importance to ...
FOR'.WIED I wo-Jad like to thank Gloria Rainey of Cleveland State University for the original imp... more FOR'.WIED I wo-Jad like to thank Gloria Rainey of Cleveland State University for the original impetus and encouragezent to write this paper. She was t'f.e "infamous" instructor who i:plied that learning should be fun. I would also like to thank L. Charles :.:filler and Stanley Greenberg, and the me:-abers of the :,eminar on REce and Class in Urban ,..re as of the Institute for Social and olicy Studies at Yale University for their smaetimes acerbic, always helpful comments and suggestions. Of course, ray typewriter and myself tale full responsibility for all errors in logic, formulation and spelling. New Haven, Connecticut
Background: Persistently elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular... more Background: Persistently elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease development, making effective hypertension management an issue of considerable public health importance. Hypertension is particularly prominent among African Americans, who have higher disease prevalence and consistently lower BP control than Whites and Hispanics. Emergency departments (ED) have limited resources for chronic disease management, especially for under-served patients dependent upon the ED for primary care, and are not equipped to conduct follow-up. Kiosk-based patient education has been found to be effective in primary care settings, but little research has been done on the effectiveness of interactive patient education modules as ED enhanced discharge for an under-served urban minority population. Methods/Design: Achieving Blood Pressure Control Through Enhanced Discharge (AchieveBP) is a behavioral RCT patient education intervention for patients with a history of hypertension who have uncontrolled BP at ED discharge. The project will recruit up to 200 eligible participants at the ED, primarily African-American, who will be asked to return to a nearby clinical research center for seven, thirty and ninety day visits, with a 180 day follow-up. Consenting participants will be randomized to either an attention-control or kiosk-based interactive patient education intervention. To control for potential medication effects, all participants will be prescribed similar, evidenced-based anti-hypertensive regimens and have their prescription filled onsite at the ED and during visits to the clinic. The primary target endpoint will be success in achieving BP control assessed at 180 days follow-up postED discharge. The secondary aim will be to assess the relationship between patient activation and self-care management. Discussion: The AchieveBP trial will determine whether using interactive patient education delivered through health information technology as ED enhanced discharge with subsequent education sessions at a clinic is an effective strategy for achieving short-term patient management of BP. The project is innovative in that it uses the ED as an initial point of service for kiosk-based health education designed to increase BP self-management. It is anticipated findings from this translational research could also be used as a resource for patient education and follow-up with hypertensive patients in primary care settings.
Data for: Location of Health Professionals: The Supply Side
Data for wage and rent analysis across US MSAs. Medwage3a.xls provides data for all health profes... more Data for wage and rent analysis across US MSAs. Medwage3a.xls provides data for all health professionals. RNs-2.xls provides data for Registered Nurses.
Urban/regional economic analyses help explain several features of health service providers includ... more Urban/regional economic analyses help explain several features of health service providers including output determination. Spatial agglomerations increase factor productivity, and therefore rents paid and wages earned. Larger agglomerations imply higher rents and wages, justifying the clustering of health professionals in large cities and medical centers. We show for 372 US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (2013) that health professionals' wages increase significantly with increased total employment, but fall as the proportion of the total labor force comprised by the sectors within the regional economy increases. Rents respond similarly, although with smaller elasticities. The wage-rental ratio (W/R) decreases with total regional employment, but increases with jobs per thousand in the health sector. Exogenous factors like heating and cooling degree days are consistent with slight positive increases in the W/R. Inclusion of W/R in a model that accounts for the covariance of wages and rents yields supply elasticities from + 3.47 to + 7.20 for all medical providers, and from + 0.22 to + 0.43 for registered nurses. These interregional elasticities (particularly for nurses) are consistent with estimates in other contexts.
of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City provided assistance with the LPS data. We are indebted... more of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City provided assistance with the LPS data. We are indebted to the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and LPS Applied Analytics for providing access to the data via a research affiliation between Brent C. Smith and the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. All views, however, are the responsibility of the authors and do not reflect those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Additionally, all errors are the sole responsibility of the authors.
This. paper extends hedonic price analysis to the formation of housing price indices measuring va... more This. paper extends hedonic price analysis to the formation of housing price indices measuring variation within a metropolitan area. In forming these indices fifteen submarkets, heterogeneous across time and space, are described within a short-run equilibrium model. Linear functional forms are generally rejected using a method proposed by Box and Cox. Aggregation of hedonic price coefficients into standardized units yields significantly higher housing prices in the central city than in its suburbs, as well as differential effects of structural and neighborhood improvements among submarkets.
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1997
An extensive literature on substance abuse and mental health treatments suggests that they often ... more An extensive literature on substance abuse and mental health treatments suggests that they often lead to decreased usage and/or spending on other medical treatments. We compare alcohol and drug abuse treatment costs with a model that decomposes total treatment costs into amount of treatment (outpatient visits or inpatient days) and costs per treatment. The analysis compares alcohol and drug abuse treatment costs regarding: (1) the incremental costs attributable to changed short-term substance abuse and nonsubstance abuse treatments; (2) the impacts of current substance abuse treatments on short-term nonsubstance abuse, long-term substance abuse, and long-term nonsubstance abuse treatments; and (3) the difference in inpatient and outpatient impacts. Our findings indicate that alcoholism and drug abuse treatment initiation have similar impacts on coincident and subsequent utilization and costs. For both treatments, the largest portions of the cost impacts occur for inpatient treatments, and for treatments that occur within 6 months of the initiation. The similarity of results suggests that it may often be reasonable to infer utilization and cost impacts for one type of care from studies that examine the other.
Location spillovers are a common theme in real estate and urban economics research, but this is t... more Location spillovers are a common theme in real estate and urban economics research, but this is the first test on the relationship between hospital service quality and the demand for proximate medical office space. We hypothesize that hospitals with reputations for high quality service represent an opportunity for physicians, and other service providers, to benefit from reputation spillovers. Further, the reputation benefit is capitalized into the practices’ willingness to pay for proximate office locations, thereby driving up the rental rates for nearby space. We find that distance from, and overall quality ranking of the hospital, both independent and in concert, are significantly linked to the base rents. The degradation in rent with distance is significantly greater when the hospital is ranked high in overall service quality, supporting the notion that a rent premium is linked to the high-quality hospital rather than simply an artifact of the neighborhood.
Willingness to pay for car efficiency: A hedonic price approach
Page 1. WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CAR EFFICIENCY A Hedonic Price Approach By Allen C. Goodman* In th... more Page 1. WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CAR EFFICIENCY A Hedonic Price Approach By Allen C. Goodman* In the wake of two severe oil price "shocks" in the past decade, automobile efficiency (usually measured in miles per gallon, or MPG) has assumed great importance to ...
FOR'.WIED I wo-Jad like to thank Gloria Rainey of Cleveland State University for the original imp... more FOR'.WIED I wo-Jad like to thank Gloria Rainey of Cleveland State University for the original impetus and encouragezent to write this paper. She was t'f.e "infamous" instructor who i:plied that learning should be fun. I would also like to thank L. Charles :.:filler and Stanley Greenberg, and the me:-abers of the :,eminar on REce and Class in Urban ,..re as of the Institute for Social and olicy Studies at Yale University for their smaetimes acerbic, always helpful comments and suggestions. Of course, ray typewriter and myself tale full responsibility for all errors in logic, formulation and spelling. New Haven, Connecticut
Background: Persistently elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular... more Background: Persistently elevated blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease development, making effective hypertension management an issue of considerable public health importance. Hypertension is particularly prominent among African Americans, who have higher disease prevalence and consistently lower BP control than Whites and Hispanics. Emergency departments (ED) have limited resources for chronic disease management, especially for under-served patients dependent upon the ED for primary care, and are not equipped to conduct follow-up. Kiosk-based patient education has been found to be effective in primary care settings, but little research has been done on the effectiveness of interactive patient education modules as ED enhanced discharge for an under-served urban minority population. Methods/Design: Achieving Blood Pressure Control Through Enhanced Discharge (AchieveBP) is a behavioral RCT patient education intervention for patients with a history of hypertension who have uncontrolled BP at ED discharge. The project will recruit up to 200 eligible participants at the ED, primarily African-American, who will be asked to return to a nearby clinical research center for seven, thirty and ninety day visits, with a 180 day follow-up. Consenting participants will be randomized to either an attention-control or kiosk-based interactive patient education intervention. To control for potential medication effects, all participants will be prescribed similar, evidenced-based anti-hypertensive regimens and have their prescription filled onsite at the ED and during visits to the clinic. The primary target endpoint will be success in achieving BP control assessed at 180 days follow-up postED discharge. The secondary aim will be to assess the relationship between patient activation and self-care management. Discussion: The AchieveBP trial will determine whether using interactive patient education delivered through health information technology as ED enhanced discharge with subsequent education sessions at a clinic is an effective strategy for achieving short-term patient management of BP. The project is innovative in that it uses the ED as an initial point of service for kiosk-based health education designed to increase BP self-management. It is anticipated findings from this translational research could also be used as a resource for patient education and follow-up with hypertensive patients in primary care settings.
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