The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Urban areas account for a small fraction of the Earth's surface but have a disproportionate impac... more Urban areas account for a small fraction of the Earth's surface but have a disproportionate impact on its surroundings regarding mass, energy, and resources. An exponential increase in the urban population has been observed since the mid-20th century. As expected by the United Nations (UN), by the year 2050, 68.4% of the world population will live in cities with a population of 20,000 or more. Due to enormous socioeconomic pressures resulting from population expansion, urbanization and intensive changes in the landscape, an urban development program to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable has become of the utmost importance since the 2005 World Summit in Rio and further adopted in 2015 by UN as the "2030 Agenda" for Sustainable Development. The study focused on monitoring the SDG 11 target 11.3.1. they are defined as a ratio of land consumption rate to the population growth rate because mapping urban land quickly and accurately is indispensable for watershed runoff prediction and other planning applications. There is no well-established, consistent way to measure either urban land sprawl or population growth. However, remote sensing methods and satellite-derived data make it possible to monitor urban growth rates over large areas in a relatively short time. There are many techniques for urban land cover automatically mapping. These techniques can be broadly grouped into two general types: those based on the input data classification, including pixel-and object-based classifications and those based on directly segmenting the indices, such as the commonly used normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized build-up area index (NDBI), and their modifications. The authors used classical pixel (supervised classification with Spectral Angle Mapper classification and KNN methods) and objectbased classification in the presented research. In addition, spectral indices, i.e., NDVI, NDBI and their modifications to derive buildup areas, were applied. Moreover, the authors focused on the recent deep learning and machine learning methods, i.e., the utilization of spatial-context information in multi-temporal data to learn hierarchical feature representations. All methods of detecting built-up areas were compared and assessed based on the available cartographic data.
OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project covering the whole World with topographic data. Da... more OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project covering the whole World with topographic data. Data are edited by volunteer users on the basis of satellite images, ortophotomaps and GPS traces, therefore are of diversified quality, especially completeness and positional accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of OSM forest data for Poland. We proved that positional accuracy, expressed by RMSE that equals to 16 m, was comparable with the national topographic data at the scale 1:10 000. However 3.5% of the outliers were noticed, for which the positional accuracy amounted to about 300 m. The completeness of the OSM data in May 2017, computed on the basis of Czekanowski matching feature area−based completeness index, equalled 86% and was still increasing. The lowest value of the completeness was observed for lubuskie voivodeship (76.4%), while the highest (92.5%) for zachodniopomorskie. For ten voivodeships the completeness of forest cover was greater than national...
There have been many developments in the Polish cadastre during the last few years. These develop... more There have been many developments in the Polish cadastre during the last few years. These developments were part of the projects initiated by the State and Local Government agencies and institutions and were funded from a variety of sources including EU Phare and World Bank grants, and bilateral agreements with Foreign Governments. It is interesting to observe that most of these developments were oriented toward improving services to customers. Some improvements were coming naturally from the usual conversion of manual systems to computerized ones and some systems were designed toward providing more sophisticated services to public within the information society framework and within eGovernment project. The latter developments are presented in the paper.
Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2007
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metadane, dane przestrzenne, infrastruktura danych przestrzennych, INSPIRE STRESZ... more SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metadane, dane przestrzenne, infrastruktura danych przestrzennych, INSPIRE STRESZCZENIE: artykuł zawiera ogólna charakterystykę zasad wdrażania metadanych w INSPIRE. Problematyka implementacji metadanych w europejskiej infrastrukturze informacji przestrzennej została przedstawiona w szerszym kontekście, a mianowicie na tle ogólnych założeń projektu INSPIRE oraz działań polskich zmierzających do utworzenia metadanych oraz usług katalogowych umożliwiających wyszukanie interesujących użytkownika zasobów danych przestrzennych. Pokrótce przedstawiono również rozwiązania normatywne w zakresie tworzenia i udostępniania metadanych.
In this paper, importance of cartographic models that can represent the structural divisions of p... more In this paper, importance of cartographic models that can represent the structural divisions of populations are presented. Cartographic models are the most efficient when the proper choices are made concerning the map’s main subjects and format. Maps created automatically with the use of GIS systems offer the easiest solutions concerning methods of cartographic presentation. Traditional maps present distributions of race, religion and languages. However, sometimes these maps are not useful for structurally analysing societies and for properly evaluating potential barriers to sustainable development within a global environment. The transformative effect of sociological and economical inequality resulting from migration must be taken into consideration in environmental studies where different subpopulations have developed and are living within the same territories. For these reasons, it would be difficult to showcase inequalities resulting from migrations with the use of default metho...
The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Urban areas account for a small fraction of the Earth's surface but have a disproportionate impac... more Urban areas account for a small fraction of the Earth's surface but have a disproportionate impact on its surroundings regarding mass, energy, and resources. An exponential increase in the urban population has been observed since the mid-20th century. As expected by the United Nations (UN), by the year 2050, 68.4% of the world population will live in cities with a population of 20,000 or more. Due to enormous socioeconomic pressures resulting from population expansion, urbanization and intensive changes in the landscape, an urban development program to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable has become of the utmost importance since the 2005 World Summit in Rio and further adopted in 2015 by UN as the "2030 Agenda" for Sustainable Development. The study focused on monitoring the SDG 11 target 11.3.1. they are defined as a ratio of land consumption rate to the population growth rate because mapping urban land quickly and accurately is indispensable for watershed runoff prediction and other planning applications. There is no well-established, consistent way to measure either urban land sprawl or population growth. However, remote sensing methods and satellite-derived data make it possible to monitor urban growth rates over large areas in a relatively short time. There are many techniques for urban land cover automatically mapping. These techniques can be broadly grouped into two general types: those based on the input data classification, including pixel-and object-based classifications and those based on directly segmenting the indices, such as the commonly used normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized build-up area index (NDBI), and their modifications. The authors used classical pixel (supervised classification with Spectral Angle Mapper classification and KNN methods) and objectbased classification in the presented research. In addition, spectral indices, i.e., NDVI, NDBI and their modifications to derive buildup areas, were applied. Moreover, the authors focused on the recent deep learning and machine learning methods, i.e., the utilization of spatial-context information in multi-temporal data to learn hierarchical feature representations. All methods of detecting built-up areas were compared and assessed based on the available cartographic data.
OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project covering the whole World with topographic data. Da... more OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a collaborative project covering the whole World with topographic data. Data are edited by volunteer users on the basis of satellite images, ortophotomaps and GPS traces, therefore are of diversified quality, especially completeness and positional accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of OSM forest data for Poland. We proved that positional accuracy, expressed by RMSE that equals to 16 m, was comparable with the national topographic data at the scale 1:10 000. However 3.5% of the outliers were noticed, for which the positional accuracy amounted to about 300 m. The completeness of the OSM data in May 2017, computed on the basis of Czekanowski matching feature area−based completeness index, equalled 86% and was still increasing. The lowest value of the completeness was observed for lubuskie voivodeship (76.4%), while the highest (92.5%) for zachodniopomorskie. For ten voivodeships the completeness of forest cover was greater than national...
There have been many developments in the Polish cadastre during the last few years. These develop... more There have been many developments in the Polish cadastre during the last few years. These developments were part of the projects initiated by the State and Local Government agencies and institutions and were funded from a variety of sources including EU Phare and World Bank grants, and bilateral agreements with Foreign Governments. It is interesting to observe that most of these developments were oriented toward improving services to customers. Some improvements were coming naturally from the usual conversion of manual systems to computerized ones and some systems were designed toward providing more sophisticated services to public within the information society framework and within eGovernment project. The latter developments are presented in the paper.
Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji, 2007
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metadane, dane przestrzenne, infrastruktura danych przestrzennych, INSPIRE STRESZ... more SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: metadane, dane przestrzenne, infrastruktura danych przestrzennych, INSPIRE STRESZCZENIE: artykuł zawiera ogólna charakterystykę zasad wdrażania metadanych w INSPIRE. Problematyka implementacji metadanych w europejskiej infrastrukturze informacji przestrzennej została przedstawiona w szerszym kontekście, a mianowicie na tle ogólnych założeń projektu INSPIRE oraz działań polskich zmierzających do utworzenia metadanych oraz usług katalogowych umożliwiających wyszukanie interesujących użytkownika zasobów danych przestrzennych. Pokrótce przedstawiono również rozwiązania normatywne w zakresie tworzenia i udostępniania metadanych.
In this paper, importance of cartographic models that can represent the structural divisions of p... more In this paper, importance of cartographic models that can represent the structural divisions of populations are presented. Cartographic models are the most efficient when the proper choices are made concerning the map’s main subjects and format. Maps created automatically with the use of GIS systems offer the easiest solutions concerning methods of cartographic presentation. Traditional maps present distributions of race, religion and languages. However, sometimes these maps are not useful for structurally analysing societies and for properly evaluating potential barriers to sustainable development within a global environment. The transformative effect of sociological and economical inequality resulting from migration must be taken into consideration in environmental studies where different subpopulations have developed and are living within the same territories. For these reasons, it would be difficult to showcase inequalities resulting from migrations with the use of default metho...
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Papers by E. Bielecka