Katie O'Leary

University of Washington, Information School, Graduate Student

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Patrick Bindels

Erasmus MC

Tom Ongwere

Indiana University

Sergio Ramirez Martin

Barbara Wong

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

AnneLoes van Staa

Erasmus University Rotterdam

Sooyoung Yoo

Jeong-Whun Kim

Yoojung Kim

Seoul National University

Tim Bodyka Heng

Simon Fraser University

Rosa I Arriaga

Georgia Institute of Technology

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Papers by Katie O'Leary

Understanding Design Tradeoffs for Health Technologies: A Mixed-Methods Approach

We introduce a mixed-methods approach for determining how people weigh tradeoffs in values relate... more We introduce a mixed-methods approach for determining how people weigh tradeoffs in values related to health and technologies for health self-management. Our approach combines interviews with Q-methodology, a method from psychology uniquely suited to quantifying opinions. We derive the framework for structured data collection and analysis for the Q-methodology from theories of self-management of chronic illness and technology adoption. To illustrate the power of this new approach, we used it in a field study of nine older adults with type 2 diabetes, and nine mothers of children with asthma. Our mixed-methods approach provides three key advantages for health design science in HCI: (1) it provides a structured health sciences theoretical framework to guide data collection and analysis; (2) it enhances the coding of unstructured data with statistical patterns of polarizing and consensus views; and (3) it empowers participants to actively weigh competing values that are most personally significant to them.

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Persuasive Reminders for Health Self-Management

Health reminders are integral to self-managing chronic illness. However, to act on these health r... more Health reminders are integral to self-managing chronic illness. However, to act on these health reminders, patients face many challenges, such as lack of motivation and ability to perform health tasks. As a result, patients experience negative consequences for their health. To investigate the design of health reminders that persuade patients to take action, we conducted six participatory design sessions with two cohorts: mothers of children with asthma, and older adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants used collages, storyboards, and photos to express design ideas for future health reminder systems. From their design artifacts, we identified four types of persuasive reminders for health self-management: introspective, socially supportive, adaptive, and symbolic. We contribute insights into desired features for persuasive reminder systems from the perspectives of patients and informal caregivers, including features that support users to understand why and how to complete health tasks ahead of time, and affordances for intra-familial and patient-provider collaboration. Introduction Reminders for health tasks, such as obtaining recommended lab tests and taking medications, are important for supporting patients who are living with chronic health conditions to manage their health. For these individuals and their families, reminders are a part of everyday life, helping patients to manage their health in the home rather than in the clinic or the hospital. Moreover, unlike acute care reminders for short-term health concerns, reminders for chronic illness care are often associated with making and maintaining significant changes in health behaviors, such as eating, exercising, and tracking health indicators over time. For these patients, simply alerting them to health tasks could be insufficient for supporting them to adopt and maintain medical and lifestyle changes. Rather, these individuals might benefit from reminders that are designed to be motivational, or even persuasive.

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Understanding patients' health and technology attitudes for tailoring self- management interventions

Healthcare providers are moving towards tailoring self-management interventions to include the co... more Healthcare providers are moving towards tailoring self-management interventions to include the communication technologies patients use in daily life. Accurate understanding of patients' attitudes towards both technology and involvement in managing chronic conditions will be critical for informing effective self-management strategies. The tailoring of these interventions, however, could be undermined by providers' implicit biases based on patient age, race, and education level that have been shown to negatively affect care. To inform the design and tailoring of self-management interventions, we elicited attitudes toward technology use and participation in care of 40 participants in a maximum variation sample. The analysis revealed three participant clusters— " Proactive Techies, " " Indie Self-Managers, " and " Remind Me! Non-Techies " —that represent varying attitudes toward health behaviors and technologies that were independent of race, education level, and age. Our approach provides insight into how people prioritize important values related to health participation and technology. Introduction Self-management of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and asthma, creates considerable burden for patients. Effective self-management requires patients to be active participants in treatment by taking medications, making lifestyle changes, and regulating emotions 1,2. The day-today skills involved in self-management include identifying problems, selecting solutions, using information sources, collaborating with providers, changing behavior, and evaluating results 2. This dynamic process goes well beyond adhering to treatment plans, and considers the patient holistically in the context of the attitudes and values that influence their everyday behaviors.

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Q-Methodology as a Research and Design Tool for HCI

A " discount " version of Q-methodology for HCI, called " HCI-Q, " can be used in iterative desig... more A " discount " version of Q-methodology for HCI, called " HCI-Q, " can be used in iterative design cycles to explore, from the point of view of users and other stakeholders, what makes technologies personally significant. Initially, designers critically reflect on their own assumptions about how a design may affect social and individual behavior. Then, designers use these assumptions as stimuli to elicit other people's points of view. This process of critical self-reflection and evaluation helps the designer to assess the fit between a design and its intended social context of use. To demonstrate the utility of HCI-Q for research and design, we use HCI-Q to explore stakeholders' responses to a prototype Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) application called Vid2Speech. We show that our adaptation of Q-methodology is useful for revealing the structure of consensus and conflict among stakeholder perspectives, helping to situate design within the context of relevant value tensions and norms.

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Design Opportunities for Mental Health Peer Support Technologies

Barriers to accessing mental health care leave the majority of people with mental illnesses witho... more Barriers to accessing mental health care leave the majority of people with mental illnesses without professional care. Peer support has been shown to address gaps in care, and could scale to wider audiences through technology. But technology design for mental health peer support lags far behind tools for individuals and clinicians. To identify opportunities for design, we interviewed 18 people with a diverse range of mental illnesses about their use of technology for peer support, and invited them to design technologies that could improve their experience of peer support. We found that technology could enhance peer support for mental health by: (1) matching peers on similarities beyond diagnosis; (2) enhancing accessibility; and (3) proactively mitigating risk through training and intervention. We discuss these findings in the context of the broad peer support literature, and present design opportunities for making mental health peer support tools more empowering, accessible, and safe.

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Maximizing children's opportunities with inclusive play

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children - IDC '15, 2015

Design goals for a system for enhancing AAC with personalized video

by Katie O'Leary and Eve Riskin

Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility - ASSETS '12, 2012

ABSTRACT Enabling end-users of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems to add pe... more ABSTRACT Enabling end-users of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems to add personalized video content at runtime holds promise for improving communication, but the requirements for such systems are as yet unclear. To explore this issue, we present Vid2Speech, a prototype AAC system for children with complex communication needs (CCN) that uses personalized video to enhance representations of action words. We describe three design goals that guided the integration of personalized video to enhance AAC in our early-stage prototype: 1) Providing social-temporal navigation; 2) Enhancing comprehension; and 3) Enabling customization in real time. Our system concept represents one approach to realizing these goals, however, we contribute the goals and the system as a starting point for future innovations in personalized video-based AAC.

Shared Calendars for Home Health Management

by Lisa Vizer and Katie O'Leary

Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing - CSCW '15, 2015

Understanding Design Tradeoffs for Health Technologies

by Lisa Vizer and Katie O'Leary

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15, 2015

Information Seeking in the Context of a Hobby: A Case Study of a Young Adult with Asperger's Syndrome

Journal of Research on Young Adults and Libraries. …, Jan 1, 2011

Abstract This case study focuses on a young adult with Asperger&amp;#x27;s Syndrome (AS) whos... more

Understanding Design Tradeoffs for Health Technologies: A Mixed-Methods Approach

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Persuasive Reminders for Health Self-Management

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Understanding patients' health and technology attitudes for tailoring self- management interventions

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Q-Methodology as a Research and Design Tool for HCI

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Design Opportunities for Mental Health Peer Support Technologies

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Maximizing children's opportunities with inclusive play

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children - IDC '15, 2015

Design goals for a system for enhancing AAC with personalized video

by Katie O'Leary and Eve Riskin

Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility - ASSETS '12, 2012

Shared Calendars for Home Health Management

by Lisa Vizer and Katie O'Leary

Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing - CSCW '15, 2015

Understanding Design Tradeoffs for Health Technologies

by Lisa Vizer and Katie O'Leary

Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15, 2015

Information Seeking in the Context of a Hobby: A Case Study of a Young Adult with Asperger's Syndrome

Journal of Research on Young Adults and Libraries. …, Jan 1, 2011

Abstract This case study focuses on a young adult with Asperger&amp;#x27;s Syndrome (AS) whos... more

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