Papers by Charlotte (Charlie) Primeau
Forensic Science International, 63:112157, 2024
Science & Justice, pp. 297-304., 2024
Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 151680., 2024
In: Chau, S., Hyde, E., Knapp, K. & Hayre, C.M. (Eds.) Patient centered care in radiology. CRC Press., 2024
Dental Anthropology Journal, 36(01), pp. 28-37., 2023
A human deciduous maxillary central incisor from Trail Creek Caves, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, is ... more A human deciduous maxillary central incisor from Trail Creek Caves, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, is described. The tooth from ancient Beringia is radiocarbon dating to 8085 ±40 BP. The tooth is compared to the incisors from the deciduous dentition of USR1 from the Upward Sun River site in central Alaska dating to ca. 11,500 (cal) BP. Genetic analysis of the Trail Creek child and the USR1 child showed that they both belonged to an ancient eastern Beringian population that remained isolated in present-day Alaska during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. The tooth was measured using a sliding calliper and the morphology of the tooth described directly from macroscopic evaluation as well as from a 3D surface scan. Based on tooth development, the age of the Trail Creek child corresponds to an age of 1-1.5 years. The sex of the child is determined as female from the genetic analysis. The tooth was expected to show the characteristic shovel-shape of Native Americans but was without marked shovel-shape. The variability of shovel-shape in maxillary deciduous and permanent incisors is dis-cussed and it is suggested that the trait shovel-shape in a deciduous dentition is more reliably recorded on the maxillary lateral incisors than the central incisors.
Increasing urbanization seen during the medieval period (7th to 16th centuries) is
associated wi... more Increasing urbanization seen during the medieval period (7th to 16th centuries) is
associated with adverse living conditions that may have negatively impacted childhood growth via the influence of infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies due to increasing population density and periodic food shortages. This study aims to compare the growth of non-adults (less than 12 years of age) from urban, proto-urban,
and rural environments from medieval England to determine whether settlement
type influenced child health, and by proxy overall population health, during this
period. Tibial and femoral maximum diaphyseal lengths and dental age of non-adults
(0–12 years) from urban St. Gregory's Priory (n = 60), urban York Barbican (n = 16),
proto-urban Black Gate (n = 38), and rural Raunds (n = 30) were examined using
z-scores. The results reveal that non-adults < 2 years from St. Gregory's Priory had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and York Barbican with
the highest growth values. Further, non-adults 2–12 years from York Barbican had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and St. Gregory's Priory
with the higher growth values. The femoral and tibial diaphyseal growth values are
explored within the context of breastfeeding and weaning practices, stability of economies, and environmental conditions.
Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2024
The human fingerprint derives from the corrugated ridge and furrow pattern on the skin of the fin... more The human fingerprint derives from the corrugated ridge and furrow pattern on the skin of the fingertips and is currently used as one of biometric traits for identification of individuals, even identical twins. Fingerprints have been used for identification purposes for more than 150 years . The latent fingerprint is composed of the natural secretions from the glands in the skin, mainly eccrine and sebaceous excretions [2], as well as environmental contaminants. Because the openings of the excretory glands are located at the ridges rather than the furrows, the excretion transferred from the fingertip to a surface upon touch leaves behind the distinctive fingerprint pattern.
Forensic Imaging, 2022
The International Association of Forensic Radiographers (IAFR) aims to promote best practice in f... more The International Association of Forensic Radiographers (IAFR) aims to promote best practice in forensic radiography through education and training, research, communication and coordination of forensic radiography. To survey the situation of these areas a questionnaire was sent in 2020 to all institutes of forensic medicine in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway and Iceland) to clarify the current status of forensic radiography. Results showed the role of forensic radiography in the Nordic countries appeared to be in the early stages of development with a distinctive lack of standardised guidelines, formalised training, an absence of national associations, and little involvement with international associations in forensic radiography. This was despite a significant amount of case work having been undertaken within forensic departments as well as within clinical settings, including work involving both deceased and living individuals. The insights gained through this questionnaire provided focus on the areas that could be targeted for further development and may facilitate strategies to promote best practice and training needs for practitioners of forensic radiography within the Nordic countries.
European Urology Supplements, 2020
European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 2020
Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 2020
Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 2020
International Journal of Paleopathology, 2019
Objective: This study examines the evidence of three skeletal markers of childhood health that le... more Objective: This study examines the evidence of three skeletal markers of childhood health that leave permanent observable changes in the adult skeleton during two climate events, the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) that occurred in the medieval period (1050-1536 CE). Material: A total of 241 adult skeletons from the Danish medieval period were included. Methods: Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) was examined macroscopically. Harris lines (HL) and infectious middle ear disease (IMED) were examined from CT imaging. The skeletons were segregated by the mortuary pattern of arm position that coincidentally changes between the MWP to the LIA. Results: LEH and IMED increase in frequency from the MWP to the LIA while there is a reverse trend for HL. Significance: This is the first study that examines childhood health as reflected on skeletal remains of adults using a combination of CT imaging and macroscopic examination for temporal changes in the medieval period. Limitations: The study did not include any sub-adults due to limitation of methods, i.e. the method of IMED is not yet developed to assess sub-adults. Neither was time-of-occurrence for the skeletal marker included as there is conflicting information from different methods for HL and neither has it been developed yet for IMED. Suggestions for further research: A sample of sub-adults from both time periods could be compared by sub-adult mortality, as well as for differences in the timing of skeletal age markers.
European Journal of Oncology, 2018
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ejon A pilot randomised controlled trial of a multimoda... more journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ejon A pilot randomised controlled trial of a multimodal supportive care (ThriverCare) intervention for managing unmet supportive care needs in men with metastatic prostate cancer on hormonal treatment and their partner/caregivers ☆
International Journal of Paleopathology, 2019
Objective: This study explores the differences in frequency and type of trauma found in two Medie... more Objective: This study explores the differences in frequency and type of trauma found in two Medieval cemeteries in Denmark, as well as the cultural and community implications of those differences.
Materials: We examined 235 skeletons from the cemetery at Tjærby (rural) and 170 skeletons from the cemetery at Randers (urban) for trauma from the the Medieval period in Denmark, 1050 to 1536 AD.
Methods: Trauma was assessed through macroscopic examination and odds ratio and relative risk assessments were run to assess the difference in trauma.
Results: There was no significant difference in the presence of trauma between the rural and urban cemeteries or between males and females. The sample from Randers, however, had a greater relative risk for trauma to the spine and ribs than the group from Tjærby. Conversely, the sample from Tjærby had a higher relative risk of lower limb and cranial trauma than the sample from Randers.
Conclusions: The division and variation in trauma between the two cemeteries is most likely related to differenes in economy and occupation.
Significance: There are relatively few studies that examine the difference in inherent risks between rural and urban Medieval communites, especially in Denmark. This research also adds to the growing body of literature in paleopathology that uses epidemiology to explore the parallel between patterns of trauma and community lifeways.
Limitations: The cemeteries are approximately 5km distance from each other so similarities in the sample could be a result of location.
Suggestions for Further Research: A wider sample of Medieval cemeteries in Denmark needs be added to this analysis to provide a more complete picture of trauma patterns during this time period.
Cancer Nursing: An International Journal for Cancer Care , 2018
Partner/caregivers Prehabilitation Prostate cancer Radical prostatectomy Supportive care
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Papers by Charlotte (Charlie) Primeau
associated with adverse living conditions that may have negatively impacted childhood growth via the influence of infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies due to increasing population density and periodic food shortages. This study aims to compare the growth of non-adults (less than 12 years of age) from urban, proto-urban,
and rural environments from medieval England to determine whether settlement
type influenced child health, and by proxy overall population health, during this
period. Tibial and femoral maximum diaphyseal lengths and dental age of non-adults
(0–12 years) from urban St. Gregory's Priory (n = 60), urban York Barbican (n = 16),
proto-urban Black Gate (n = 38), and rural Raunds (n = 30) were examined using
z-scores. The results reveal that non-adults < 2 years from St. Gregory's Priory had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and York Barbican with
the highest growth values. Further, non-adults 2–12 years from York Barbican had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and St. Gregory's Priory
with the higher growth values. The femoral and tibial diaphyseal growth values are
explored within the context of breastfeeding and weaning practices, stability of economies, and environmental conditions.
Materials: We examined 235 skeletons from the cemetery at Tjærby (rural) and 170 skeletons from the cemetery at Randers (urban) for trauma from the the Medieval period in Denmark, 1050 to 1536 AD.
Methods: Trauma was assessed through macroscopic examination and odds ratio and relative risk assessments were run to assess the difference in trauma.
Results: There was no significant difference in the presence of trauma between the rural and urban cemeteries or between males and females. The sample from Randers, however, had a greater relative risk for trauma to the spine and ribs than the group from Tjærby. Conversely, the sample from Tjærby had a higher relative risk of lower limb and cranial trauma than the sample from Randers.
Conclusions: The division and variation in trauma between the two cemeteries is most likely related to differenes in economy and occupation.
Significance: There are relatively few studies that examine the difference in inherent risks between rural and urban Medieval communites, especially in Denmark. This research also adds to the growing body of literature in paleopathology that uses epidemiology to explore the parallel between patterns of trauma and community lifeways.
Limitations: The cemeteries are approximately 5km distance from each other so similarities in the sample could be a result of location.
Suggestions for Further Research: A wider sample of Medieval cemeteries in Denmark needs be added to this analysis to provide a more complete picture of trauma patterns during this time period.
associated with adverse living conditions that may have negatively impacted childhood growth via the influence of infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies due to increasing population density and periodic food shortages. This study aims to compare the growth of non-adults (less than 12 years of age) from urban, proto-urban,
and rural environments from medieval England to determine whether settlement
type influenced child health, and by proxy overall population health, during this
period. Tibial and femoral maximum diaphyseal lengths and dental age of non-adults
(0–12 years) from urban St. Gregory's Priory (n = 60), urban York Barbican (n = 16),
proto-urban Black Gate (n = 38), and rural Raunds (n = 30) were examined using
z-scores. The results reveal that non-adults < 2 years from St. Gregory's Priory had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and York Barbican with
the highest growth values. Further, non-adults 2–12 years from York Barbican had
the lowest growth values followed by Raunds, Black Gate, and St. Gregory's Priory
with the higher growth values. The femoral and tibial diaphyseal growth values are
explored within the context of breastfeeding and weaning practices, stability of economies, and environmental conditions.
Materials: We examined 235 skeletons from the cemetery at Tjærby (rural) and 170 skeletons from the cemetery at Randers (urban) for trauma from the the Medieval period in Denmark, 1050 to 1536 AD.
Methods: Trauma was assessed through macroscopic examination and odds ratio and relative risk assessments were run to assess the difference in trauma.
Results: There was no significant difference in the presence of trauma between the rural and urban cemeteries or between males and females. The sample from Randers, however, had a greater relative risk for trauma to the spine and ribs than the group from Tjærby. Conversely, the sample from Tjærby had a higher relative risk of lower limb and cranial trauma than the sample from Randers.
Conclusions: The division and variation in trauma between the two cemeteries is most likely related to differenes in economy and occupation.
Significance: There are relatively few studies that examine the difference in inherent risks between rural and urban Medieval communites, especially in Denmark. This research also adds to the growing body of literature in paleopathology that uses epidemiology to explore the parallel between patterns of trauma and community lifeways.
Limitations: The cemeteries are approximately 5km distance from each other so similarities in the sample could be a result of location.
Suggestions for Further Research: A wider sample of Medieval cemeteries in Denmark needs be added to this analysis to provide a more complete picture of trauma patterns during this time period.
Seventeen Anglo Saxon sub-adults were aged by dental development using the method of AlQahtani et al. (2010). Length of femora was measured and aged according to Maresh (1970), Rissech et al. (2008) and Primeau et al. (2015). Dental age and bone age was then compared.
Estimated bone ages using the method of Maresh (1970), showed the largest discrepancy to dental age, with a mean difference of -2.3 years. For Rissech et al. (2008) there was a mean difference of 0.3 years. For Primeau et al. (2015) there was a mean difference of -0.4 years.
It is concluded that Maresh (1970) is the least accurate in estimating sub-adult age from long bone length. Rather, using Rissech et al. (2008) or Primeau et al. (2015), will give a bone age closer to dental age. The difference in age between applying the two latter methods is a mean difference of 0.7 years. Rissech et al. (2008) has a bone age closer to dental age, However, Primeau et al. (2015) is available for all the long bones.