Papers by Kumaresan Marappan
Journal of Agrometeorology, 2024
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food crop for more than half of the world's population and i... more Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food crop for more than half of the world's population and influences the livelihoods and economics of several billion people. Asia's food security mostly depends on irrigated lowland rice cultivation practices, which produce three-quarters of all the harvested (Pimentel et al., 2004; Bouman et al., 2005). Lowland irrigated rice requires a lot of water for puddling, transplanting and irrigation. Further, significant water losses occur through seepage, percolation and evaporation. It is estimated that it consumes 3000 to 5000 liters of water to produce one kilogram of rice. In India, the annual per capita availability of water may be reduced to 1340 cubic meters in 2025 and 1140 cubic meters in 2030 (Suhag, 2016). India is already water water-stressed
Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 2024
Lisianthus, botanically known as Eustoma grandiflorum, is a member of the Gentianaceae family wit... more Lisianthus, botanically known as Eustoma grandiflorum, is a member of the Gentianaceae family with a chromosome number of 2n = 36. It is native to the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and is referred to as the prairie gentian. Lisianthus is an herbaceous annual plant that can reach up to a height of 15 to 60 cm and has slightly succulent, bluish-green leaves. It produces funnel-shaped flowers that grow on long, straight stems. The flowers can occasionally grow upright on solitary stems or on branching stems. The flowers come in a range of hues and can go up to two inches in diameter. Lisianthus sepals are significantly smaller than petals and are only united toward the base. It comes in a variety of cultivars with varied patterns of colours. Lisianthus has gained widespread consumer appeal worldwide due to its exceptional keeping quality and a wide range of colours, including purple, rose, pink, white, and bicolour. Owing to its blue flowers, excellent post-harvest life, and rose-like blooms, lisianthus is a relatively new floral crop on the international market and is considered one of the top ten cut flowers. Leading nations that are producing Eustoma are Japan and New Zealand. A single type dominated the marketplaces in America, Europe, and Japan. Double types are preferred more in Australia. In Tamil Nadu, the lisianthus flower has just recently bloomed. It is now possible to produce lisianthus on a modest scale in Tamil Nadu.
Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 2024
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chemical regulators and bioregulators ... more A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chemical regulators and bioregulators on growth,
flowering and yield attributes of African marigold. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block
Design with three replication and 9 treatments. The treatment comprising of GA3 at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, NAA at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, Vermiwash 3% and Panchagavya 3%. Among the 9 treatments of chemical regulators and bioregulators, the GA3 100 ppm was the best for improving growth parameters viz., plant height (135.6 cm), plant spread (55.3 cm) and number of branches plant-1 (18.3). Flowering parameters viz., days taken to bud initiation (37.2), days to 50 % flowering (58.4) and flower diameter (6.9 cm). Yield parameters viz., number of flowers plant-1 (59.9), single flower weight (6.94 g), weight of flowers plant-1 (351.1 g) and estimated flower yield ha-1 (29249.8 kg) of African marigold.
Ecology, Environment and Conservation, 2024
Composting is a technological waste management method in which organic material is broken down an... more Composting is a technological waste management method in which organic material is broken down and stabilized into a biodegradable mixture in the presence of aerobic microbial activities, ultimately becoming compost. The breakdown of organic matter has garnered significant interest recently owing to its ecofriendly approaches that prevent further pollution of the environment. The process of breaking down of organic matter into carbon dioxide, heat, water, humus, and compost, a rather stable end organic product is facilitated by microorganisms such bacteria, fungus, and actinomycetes. Microorganisms break down the intricate lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose molecules during the composting process. The content of composite mixtures and temperature fluctuations throughout the composting process have an impact on the existence of various microorganisms. The temperature rises at the start of compression due to a large increase in microbial activity. The fungi that are most active during the compost maturation process take over from the initial dominance of bacteria. The most significant variables affecting the success of decomposition are the C/N ratio, temperature, humidity, particle size of the substrate, pH, oxygen content, and microorganisms. The final stable product, known as compost, is a sustainable fertilizer and soil improver that contains humified fraction similar to humus. It may be used to increase the efficacy of fertilizers, improve the physico-chemical features of the soil, and encourage crop growth. Humic materials enhance soils with minerals that are essential to plant growth, including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen. Additionally, composting, which recycles byproducts and is based on the circular economy model, is a clever and sustainable way to lessen the harmful environmental effects associated with waste management.
A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Tamil Nadu Ag... more A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2015 – 2016 to study the effect of pruning and paclobutrazol application on physiological and flowering characters of Jasminum sambac during off season (Oct.– Feb.). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatment combinations. Among the treatment combinations the plants treated with soil drenching of paclobutrazol at 300ppm as significantly increased physiological parameters viz., chlorophyll a (0.77 mg g-1), chlorophyll b (0.49 mg g-1) and total chlorophyll (1.33 mg g-1), total phenol content (4.65 mg g-1), IAA oxidase activity (12.35µg of unoxidised auxing-1 h-1), soluble protein (16.05 mg g-1), specific leaf weight (0.0114 mg cm 2) and flowering parameters viz., diameter of the flower buds (7.98 mm), corolla tube length (11.08 cm) and weight of hundred flower buds (20.96 g) (Feb.) in Jasminum sambac.
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Papers by Kumaresan Marappan
flowering and yield attributes of African marigold. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block
Design with three replication and 9 treatments. The treatment comprising of GA3 at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, NAA at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, Vermiwash 3% and Panchagavya 3%. Among the 9 treatments of chemical regulators and bioregulators, the GA3 100 ppm was the best for improving growth parameters viz., plant height (135.6 cm), plant spread (55.3 cm) and number of branches plant-1 (18.3). Flowering parameters viz., days taken to bud initiation (37.2), days to 50 % flowering (58.4) and flower diameter (6.9 cm). Yield parameters viz., number of flowers plant-1 (59.9), single flower weight (6.94 g), weight of flowers plant-1 (351.1 g) and estimated flower yield ha-1 (29249.8 kg) of African marigold.
flowering and yield attributes of African marigold. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block
Design with three replication and 9 treatments. The treatment comprising of GA3 at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, NAA at 50, 100 and 150 ppm, Vermiwash 3% and Panchagavya 3%. Among the 9 treatments of chemical regulators and bioregulators, the GA3 100 ppm was the best for improving growth parameters viz., plant height (135.6 cm), plant spread (55.3 cm) and number of branches plant-1 (18.3). Flowering parameters viz., days taken to bud initiation (37.2), days to 50 % flowering (58.4) and flower diameter (6.9 cm). Yield parameters viz., number of flowers plant-1 (59.9), single flower weight (6.94 g), weight of flowers plant-1 (351.1 g) and estimated flower yield ha-1 (29249.8 kg) of African marigold.