Papers by Gagandeep Singh
Cellulose, 2013
Hospital-acquired nosocomial infections are a major health, and consequently financial issue, in ... more Hospital-acquired nosocomial infections are a major health, and consequently financial issue, in the world healthcare system. The problem of bacterial infections in general, and in hospitals in particular, has led to extensive scientific and industrial efforts to fabricate antibacterial textiles. A sonochemical coating machine was developed and built and its ability to coat antibacterial nanoparticles (NPs) onto 40-50 meter length of materials on a roll to roll basis at a speed of 22 cm/min. Cotton coated sonochemically with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) was found to maintain its antibacterial properties even after 65 cycles of washings according to hospital protocols of hygienic washing (75°C). This demonstrates the good quality and high stability of this sonochemically produced NPs coating on textiles. Durable antibacterial textiles such as these may be suitable for wide spread use in future hospital environments where hygiene control is of paramount importance.
Science & Justice, 2015
The use of a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) based reagent for the development of latent fingermark... more The use of a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) based reagent for the development of latent fingermarks is relatively a recent one and therefore a thorough evaluation is required before making any suggestion for its use in the routine fingermark development protocol. In the present study, non-porous surfaces including the sticky side of adhesive tapes loaded with latent fingermarks (eccrine, groomed and natural fingermarks) were submerged in water for different times and were treated with a PTC based reagent to develop fingermarks. The PTC based reagent was able to develop latent fingermarks on various surfaces submerged in water for different time intervals. The proposed method has been compared with standard methods like superglue fuming, small particle reagent and gentian violet (for adhesive tapes). The results have shown that the duration of submersion and the method selected for visualization have influences on the quality of developed fingermarks. The performance of the PTC technique against conventional methods was evaluated and compared thoroughly as a part of the optimization studies for the reagent.
The conditions under which latent fingerprints are deposited affect the process of development th... more The conditions under which latent fingerprints are deposited affect the process of development that can be used to effectively recover these marks. The conditions which can play a part include environmental conditions, the type of surface on which latents are deposited, the ability of the donor to deposit fingerprints, contact time, force of contact with the object etc. Very little previous work is available in the scientific literature addressing these conditions and therefore, an attempt has been made in this present study to assess the effect of some of these criteria and their effect on the ability of ninhydrin to develop the marks. Latent fingerprints from good and bad donors were obtained on paper with variable pressure under controlled conditions. Laboratory prepared 1% ninhydrin solution was used to visualise the prints.
Biochemistry, Jan 17, 2009
RYBP (Ring1A and YY1 binding protein) is a zinc finger protein with an essential role during embr... more RYBP (Ring1A and YY1 binding protein) is a zinc finger protein with an essential role during embryonic development, which binds transcriptional factors, Polycomb products, and mediators of apoptosis, suggesting roles in, apparently, unrelated functions. To investigate mechanisms underlying its association with functionally diverse partners, we set out to study its structural properties using a number of biophysical (fluorescence, circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared, and NMR spectroscopies) and hydrodynamic (analytical ultracentrifugation, DOSY-NMR, and gel filtration chromatography) techniques. We find RYBP to be a noncompact protein with little residual secondary structure, lacking a well-defined tertiary structure. These observations are also supported by theoretical calculations using neural networks and pairwise energy content, suggesting that RYBP is a natively unfolded protein. In addition, structural studies on its binding to the C-terminal region of the Polycomb p...
Neoplastic infections due to oncogenic viruses are one of the major causes of economic problems f... more Neoplastic infections due to oncogenic viruses are one of the major causes of economic problems faced by the poultry industry worldwide. The present study was undertaken in order to establish the prevalence of single or multiple avian oncogenic virus and associated virus infections in apparently healthy chickens. MDV, REV and ALV could be detected from 9.23% (6/65), 95.38% (62/65) and 93.85% (61/65) samples, respectively by PCR applied on DNA extracted from blood of apparently healthy chickens. Mixed infection of MDV+REV+ALV and REV+ALV could be detected from 9.23% (6/65) and 89.23% (58/65) samples, respectively. Antibodies to avian HEV could be detected in 5.56% (5/90) of the serum sample. Avian HEV could be detected by RT-PCR from 3 out of 5 serum samples of chickens which had antibodies to aHEV. Multiple infections of two or more oncoviruses in same bird was more common than the single virus infection and REV was the most prevalent oncogenic infection recorded in the chickens.
World journal of surgical oncology, 2015
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma frequently recurs in patients even after resection with curative intent... more Pancreatic adenocarcinoma frequently recurs in patients even after resection with curative intent. The majority of these are early recurrences and are associated with metastatic disease, thus not amenable to repeat resection. Here we report a patient who underwent completion pancreatectomy for a metachronous pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This patient initially presented with painless jaundice and computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass in the head of the pancreas. Brushings obtained at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were positive for adenocarcinoma. This patient then underwent a Whipple procedure and final pathology demonstrated stage III pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Adjuvant therapy included gemcitabine and erlotinib. This patient was followed with physical examinations and serial laboratory and imaging studies. There was no evidence of disease for four years at which time and sharp elevation in CA-19-9 was found. Subsequent imaging revealed a mass in the ...
Digital representation of Indic script in digital documents remain one of the prominent problems ... more Digital representation of Indic script in digital documents remain one of the prominent problems in recent era. The fonts have its effect in the continuation of digital documents and the need of fonts cannot be overemphasized in digital world, when one comes to preservation of Indic script documents for India digital libraries. Gurmukhi script is one of the most prominent scripts of India and is used to write Punjabi Language. Punjabi is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world with more than 2 million users only in India. Due to such large number of users, the digitalization of language becomes apparently useful. Earlier Gurmukhi fonts were developed using ASCII character encoding scheme which was basically meant for English language and not intended to provide direct support to foreign languages. Moreover Gurmukhi fonts were developed without following any mapping standardization which leads to development of numerous fonts with different mapping tables. As of the evol...
The American surgeon
The incidence of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) in patients with cirrhosis ranges from 7 per cent ... more The incidence of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) in patients with cirrhosis ranges from 7 per cent to 17 per cent. SAA rupture after liver transplantation (LT) is reported to result in significant morbidity and mortality. We report our experience with SAA in LT candidates. From September 1995 through August 2002, 14 LT candidates were diagnosed with SAA. Twenty SAA occurred in 14 patients with an average diameter of 20 mm. Eleven patients qualified for LT; to date, seven have been transplanted. No intervention for SAA occurred prior to LT. Of the seven patients transplanted, four had SAA identified prior to LT. Three were treated at LT and are alive; the fourth had postoperative splenic artery embolization followed by splenectomy and expired on day 109 from duodenal ulcer complications. Three of seven patients had undiagnosed SAA at LT. One required emergency splenectomy for SAA rupture and is alive at 44 months. The remaining two received no treatment; one suffered a late septic deat...
This paper explores the credibility and utility of AMSR-E soil moisture data (AE_Land 3 product) ... more This paper explores the credibility and utility of AMSR-E soil moisture data (AE_Land 3 product) to understand the soil moisture variation over Indian subcontinent in the year 2010. The data product was processed to generate monthly average soil moisture maps. The maps were analyzed to study the soil moisture pattern over the entire region qualitatively. The soil moisture values from the generated maps were compared with the rainfall data and it was found to be very well complementing the actual rainfall variation. The study shows that the soil moisture variation is in line with the seasonal change and the observed rainfall variation.
Science & Justice, 2015
The use of a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) based reagent for the development of latent fingermark... more The use of a phase transfer catalyst (PTC) based reagent for the development of latent fingermarks is relatively a recent one and therefore a thorough evaluation is required before making any suggestion for its use in the routine fingermark development protocol. In the present study, non-porous surfaces including the sticky side of adhesive tapes loaded with latent fingermarks (eccrine, groomed and natural fingermarks) were submerged in water for different times and were treated with a PTC based reagent to develop fingermarks. The PTC based reagent was able to develop latent fingermarks on various surfaces submerged in water for different time intervals. The proposed method has been compared with standard methods like superglue fuming, small particle reagent and gentian violet (for adhesive tapes). The results have shown that the duration of submersion and the method selected for visualization have influences on the quality of developed fingermarks. The performance of the PTC technique against conventional methods was evaluated and compared thoroughly as a part of the optimization studies for the reagent.
BMC Cancer, 2015
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal injury tissue ablation technique that uses el... more Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal injury tissue ablation technique that uses electrical pulses to cause cell death. IRE damages the endothelial cells of blood vessels; however these cells re-grow, and thus IRE does not result in permanent damage to blood vessels. We report the novel use of IRE for ablation of microscopically positive margins after resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) impinging on hepatic veins. A 68-year-old female was found to have colon cancer and synchronous bilateral unresectable liver metastases. Chemotherapy with FOLFOX and cetuximab was initiated, with subsequent conversion to resectability of the CRLM. The patient underwent colectomy followed by right liver posterior sectionectomy with wedge resection of segment 5. Resection of tumor impinging on the left and middle hepatic veins would have required left hepatectomy, with insufficient remnant liver volume. The CRLM were meticulously dissected off the hepatic veins leaving a microscopically positive margin, and IRE was then used for margin ablation, leaving intact hepatic veins and venous blood flow. The patient is alive and without recurrent disease now 30 months after resection. Herein we review the IRE technology and its use in ablation of liver metastases. Use of IRE margin ablation for microscopically-positive CRLM resection may lead to long-term patient survival; further prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm this finding.
Seminars in Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain, 2004
The American surgeon, 2003
Hand-assisted techniques facilitated dissemination of the laparoscopic approach in live kidney do... more Hand-assisted techniques facilitated dissemination of the laparoscopic approach in live kidney donors and addressed concerns regarding potential procedural complications. We report our experience with both standard and hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in routine, complicated, and higher-risk donors. From July 1999 to September 2002, 47 donors underwent standard laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (SLDN; n = 29) or hand-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (HALDN; n = 18). Donors were "complicated" if they were > 60 years of age, obese, refused blood-product transfusion, had multiple renal arteries or veins, or had right nephrectomies. "Higher-risk" donors had two or more risk factors. Results for SLDN and HALDN were compared for the overall groups and for the "complicated" and "higher-risk" groups. No donor required blood transfusion or reoperation. Warm-ischemia times were shorter in left nephrectomies (191 +/- 72 seconds vs. 337 +/- 9...
The American surgeon, 2004
Obstructive jaundice secondary to common bile duct stricture is most commonly attributed to malig... more Obstructive jaundice secondary to common bile duct stricture is most commonly attributed to malignancy. Here we present three unusual cases that mimicked carcinoma in presentation but were histologically diagnosed as benign inflammatory processes during operative care. The first case was attributed to obstruction-induced chronic pancreatitis secondary to Crohn's disease of the head of the pancreas, the second was due to sarcoidosis within periportal and extrahepatic biliary lymph nodes and distal common bile duct, and the third case was due to tuberculosis of biliary lymph nodes. All were successfully managed surgically, but potentially these patients may have been effectively treated pharmacologically, without the need for invasive surgical intervention, if an earlier diagnosis were available to the clinicians. A retrospective and comparative review of the data of each case demonstrated subtle clues such as multiple enlarged biliary lymph node involvement and only moderately el...
The American surgeon, 2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, but only a small per... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, but only a small percentage of patients are eligible for curative surgical intervention. Over the past decade, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been increasingly shown to offer long-term survival benefits. Our study objective was to compare outcomes of patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection with those who received RFA. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, we identified 1209 (21%) and 4595 (79%) patients with HCC who received RFA and surgical resection, respectively, between the years 1988 and 2008. When comparing the groups, patients undergoing RFA were older (years, 62.6 vs 58.7; P<0.001) and had smaller tumors (less than 5 cm; 84.4 vs 61.2%; P<0.001), yet patients who underwent surgical resection had improved survival over patients undergoing RFA (median survival, 5 vs 3 years, respectively; P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis verified the superi...
Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN, 2013
Colorectal cancer is a common and significant public health concern. The liver is the most common... more Colorectal cancer is a common and significant public health concern. The liver is the most common site of metastasis, and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) may affect up to 60% of patients at some time during the course of their disease. Approximately 25% of patients are found to have synchronous CRLM at the time of diagnosis, and these patients have a worse prognosis than those who develop metastases later in their disease course. In the absence of extrahepatic disease, resection of CRLM with negative margins along with chemotherapy can lead to a 5-year overall survival rate of up to 60%. This report presents the case of a 48-year-old man diagnosed with rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases that a multidisciplinary tumor board initially deemed to be unresectable because of large size and insufficient future liver remnant. The patient underwent FOLFOX chemotherapy with bevacizumab and experienced conversion to resectable hepatic disease. After neoadjuvant short-cour...
Indian journal of surgical oncology, 2013
Current concepts in the management of hepatic metastases have changed dramatically over the past ... more Current concepts in the management of hepatic metastases have changed dramatically over the past two decades. Multidisciplinary therapies including chemotherapy, surgery, and regional therapy have alone and in combination significantly improved the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Conditions that were previously considered hopeless and treated merely for palliation can now be approached with curative intent. In this paper, we review the surgical treatment for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) and describe a paradigm-shift in the management of complex heretofore-considered unresectable CRLM. Utilizing advanced multidisciplinary treatment strategies has improved the prognosis of patients with stage IV colorectal cancer to the point where we may question whether CRLM are now a chronic disease.
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Papers by Gagandeep Singh