CSTM

Sustainable development and the goals that have been set by the UN are the results of mutual agreement on various pressing issues that must be addressed by our society. Along with the pandemic conditions that hit various parts of the world, the challenges for the realization of sustainable development are getting higher. Geospatial technology offers reliable tools to support the various processes and stages of planning, analysis, problem-solving, decision making, and process management necessary to pursue this common goal. GIScience has a very important role in investigating opportunities to help solve sustainable development problems. This study presents the state of the art of how GIScience plays a role to achieve sustainable development goals particularly during pandemic covid situations which resulting in a backward for some actors in several countries to achieve these goals. This study uses the content analysis method to analyze various issues related to sustainable development...

Sunardi, Astari AJ, Pribadi TDK, Rosada KK. 2017. Accumulation and elimination of mercury in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under an elevated temperature and its ambient concentrations. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 18-22. The problems of heavy metal pollution combined with the issue of climate warming has attracted a growing international concern, particularly to those exert very toxic effects to organisms and human, e.g. mercury. There have been evidences for temperature effect on metal uptake, accumulation and toxicity; but only few of those on metal elimination. An experimental work was set up to investigate the effect of higher water temperature and ambient concentration on both accumulation and elimination of mercury in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Using 50-L aquarium, fish were exposed to room and 32 o C temperature combined with 10 and 20 µg/kg Hg concentration. Test fish were treated for 28 days for accumulation phase, and then transferred to Hg-free water for 7 days for elimination. Data of the Hg accumulation and elimination from the flesh, liver and kidney were analyzed using one-way Anova. The results indicated that higher water temperature and ambient mercury have increased accumulation in the liver and the kidney, but not in the flesh. Higher rate of Hg elimination occurred in higher water temperature resulting Hg deposits did not differ among treatments. However, the Hg deposits remained higher compared to those in the original state representing a potential risk to either fish or human. The kidney and the liver of Nile Tilapia seemed to be the preferable depository organs for mercury.

The adoption of energy efficient electrical appliances by households has a great potential to reduce electricity consumption in Nigeria. A well-formulated and implemented policy (mix) to spur adoption is said to be required to drive this process. This article presents an assessment of policies that aim to spur adoption among households, and the related governance system. The analytical framework used for this analysis is the Governance Assessment Tool (GAT). Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, a review of policy documents, and secondary quantitative data. The results show that policies in Nigeria had little effect in meeting pre-set goals. The governance system was found to be weakly developed due to a lack of policy, the overlapping work of different governmental organizations, a lack of appropriate resources, and a lack of householders' involvement in agenda-setting and decision-making processes. Current actions mostly depend on local programmes that run via donor aid. They include the free exchange of CFL bulbs and metering studies of end user energy consumption. The results add further insight in the fields of governance and policy on energy efficiency issues in developing countries. This article also provides suggestions for the design of policies that target the adoption of energy efficient electrical appliances among households in Nigeria.

Esto no es un paper, es un ensayo, un dialogo aparentemente improbable entre dos investigadores recientemente doctorados en una universidad ho­ landesa, una en estudios del desarrollo y otro en fisica de fluidos (minus­ culas intencionales). Se trata de un intento por tomar distancia de nuestros quehaceres cientificos, observarlos y reflexionar al respecto con sensibilidad autoetnografica. El asunto del que nos ocupamos en este ensayo tiene que ver con la practica de una ciencia para el Sur y desde el Sur (nos referimos aqui a los paises del llamado Sur global). Basandonos en nuestra experiencia como investigadores en una universidad del Norte global, cuestionamos la hege­ monia del modelo de ciencia occidental en relacion con las realidades y el quehacer cientifico en nuestra America Latina, y presentamos algunas re­ flexiones sobre la descolonizacion de la ciencia. Siendo un ensayo, permitasenos comenzar citando un texto que expre­ sa bien la naturaleza de este genero:

I address these questions through a qualitative case study of the expansion of the palm oil frontier in Colombia between 2000 and 2010 and the resource access struggles and contestation connected with such an expansion, applying the 'extended case method' developed by Michael 2009). As pointed out in the introduction of this chapter, methodological choices are informed and should be consistent with epistemological orientations. Thus, the choice for the 'extended case method' is justified in the epistemological underpinning of this thesis, i.e. the reflexive model of science and the 'epistemologies of the South'.

Voluntary certification schemes aimed at assuring producer compliance with a set of sustainability criteria have emerged as market-based instruments (MBIs) of sustainability governance. However, the impacts they tackle can be part of a complex arena of socio-environmental conflict, where values and powers of business and local actors compete. Legitimacy of these schemes not only results from compliance by business actors; but also depends on acceptance by local actors affected by, or resisting the industries that these mechanisms aim to govern. This paper explores the influence of different local actors' values and powers on legitimacy granting or contestation by local actors during national processes of sustainability criteria development. We analyse the case of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) in Colombia using an approach that combines concepts of ecological economics and political ecology with the legitimacy literature based on critical sociology. In Colombia, the palm oil industry led the initiative to implement certification under national interpretation of RSPO principles and criteria. However, the national interpretation process revealed power asymmetries among stakeholders and clashes between their different values. This resulted in strong contestation of RSPO legitimacy by local actors who resist expansion of oil palm cultivation.

Aquaculture has been identified by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago as a competitive industry with the potential of reducing high fish imports. The purpose of this study was to provide an economic analysis of the factors affecting overall profitability of tilapia production in Trinidad. Thirty farmers selected for the survey were actively involved in a semi intensive or extensive grow out systems production. Data collection was via a structured questionnaire and semi structured interviews. An econometric regression model for the study tested the effects of output (0), selling price (SP), cost of feed (FD), fingerlings (FNG), labour (LAB), and operational costs (OC), with dummy variables tank culture (CT), sex culture (SC), and production system (PS) on the profitability of tilapia production. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was used and included appropriate tests for multicollinearity. Furthermore, the model provided relevant OLS information on the R-Squared and Durbin-Watson statistics for profitability. The OLS best fit equation derived for PROFIT =

Recent scholarly attention shows that grassroots civil society low-carbon energy initiatives increasingly become part of the subnational climate change governance landscape. Despite their potency in view of consumer-owned distributed generation and enhanced citizen influence in the organization of the energy infrastructure, local low-carbon energy initiatives (LLCEIs) struggle to become viable alternatives to the centralized, private oriented energy system. To further LLCEI development, support needs to build their capacities; alleviate institutional hurdles and barriers stemming from the fossil fuel-based energy regime; and open up the system for the uptake, acceptance or breakthrough of LLCEIs. Evidence suggests that so-called “intermediaries” form a part of the solution in addressing these issues. Despite previous attempts at analyzing intermediary roles and activities vis-à-vis the development of community energy, the reality of the various roles and strategies intermediaries ca...

DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. 'In this case, it would have been better to calculate with the fixed marginal enumerative values grade I, grade 2, and offgrade.

De evolutie van inspraak in de Neder-landse planning Frans Coenen, Rob van de Peppel en Johan Woltjer Wij richten ons in dit artikel op de ontwikkeling van inspraak in de Nederlandseplanning vanafhet begin van dejaren zeventig. Het artikel verkent de geschiedenis van de inspraak ...