A system of three dimensional partial differential equations in terms of displacements in curvili... more A system of three dimensional partial differential equations in terms of displacements in curvilinear directions is developed to describe the behavior of an orthotropic shell with arbitrary loadings and boundary conditions. They system of equations is a generalization of the isotropic Navier elasticity equations and is exact within the limitations of assumed small displacements and linear stress-strain relations. The three-dimensional system is then reduced to the axisymmetric case which describes the behavior of a symmetrically loaded, plane isotropic shell of revoution with symmetrical boundary conditions. The resulting two-dimensional system of equations is numerically approximated by the method of divided differences, case into matrix form, and solved by matrix inversion
Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tool... more Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tools and methods from any number of excellent design texts available worldwide. The focus of the student design effort is typically a team air vehicle design where students organize along traditional disciplines lines to design and analyze and sometimes build an air vehicle to meet mission requirements. Textbook tools and methods are applied, by hand or implemented using design codes provided with the text book, available in-house or on line and/or purchased commercially. Instructors usually lecture on overall design methods and tools but most students prefer to focus on single traditional discipline areas. As a result few students really learn design from a multi-discipline perspective. The issue is exacerbated when design codes are provided and learning can take a back seat to crank turning. In an attempt to improve individual student learning of multi-discipline aircraft design fundamentals, students at the Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at the University of Texas (UT) at Austin are required to write their own spreadsheet design tool called Student Air Vehicle Evaluation (SAVE) as their first project assignment. SAVE is then used exclusively throughout the rest of the course for air vehicle sizing and performance analysis. Individual modules are written as weekly homework assignments and applied to team design tasks. Modules are based on traditional zeroth and first order text book methods which, when linked together, produce realistic vehicle sizing, performance and trade study results. SAVE also supports the UT initiative on System Engineering model based design where student teams submit physics-based models to verify their designs meet requirements. Although individual student learning of overall design tools and methods still varies, integration of SAVE into the course has improved overall learning of air system design fundamentals while substantially shortening student design cycle time.
Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tool... more Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tools and methods from any number of excellent design texts available worldwide. The focus of the student design effort is typically a team air vehicle design where students organize along traditional disciplines lines to design and analyze and sometimes build an air vehicle to meet mission requirements. Textbook tools and methods are applied, by hand or implemented using design codes provided with the text book, available in-house or on line and/or purchased commercially. Instructors usually lecture on overall design methods and tools but most students prefer to focus on single traditional discipline areas. As a result few students really learn design from a multi-discipline perspective. The issue is exacerbated when design codes are provided and learning can take a back seat to crank turning. In an attempt to improve individual student learning of multi-discipline aircraft design fundament...
With an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is... more With an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is a challenge. In 2019, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) issued emission reduction targets, including well-to-wake greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced at least 50% from 2005 levels by 2050. This discusses several technologies from an aircraft design perspective that can contribute to achieving these targets. One thing is certain: aircraft will look different in the future. The Transonic Truss-Braced Wing and Flying V configurations are promising significant efficiency improvements over conventional configurations. Electric propulsion, in various architectures, is becoming a feasible option for general aviation and commuter aircraft. It will be a growing field of aviation with zero-emissions flight and opportunities for special missions. Lastly, this paper discusses methods and design processes that include all relevant disciplines to ensure that the aircraft is opti...
A system of three dimensional partial differential equations in terms of displacements in curvili... more A system of three dimensional partial differential equations in terms of displacements in curvilinear directions is developed to describe the behavior of an orthotropic shell with arbitrary loadings and boundary conditions. They system of equations is a generalization of the isotropic Navier elasticity equations and is exact within the limitations of assumed small displacements and linear stress-strain relations. The three-dimensional system is then reduced to the axisymmetric case which describes the behavior of a symmetrically loaded, plane isotropic shell of revoution with symmetrical boundary conditions. The resulting two-dimensional system of equations is numerically approximated by the method of divided differences, case into matrix form, and solved by matrix inversion
Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tool... more Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tools and methods from any number of excellent design texts available worldwide. The focus of the student design effort is typically a team air vehicle design where students organize along traditional disciplines lines to design and analyze and sometimes build an air vehicle to meet mission requirements. Textbook tools and methods are applied, by hand or implemented using design codes provided with the text book, available in-house or on line and/or purchased commercially. Instructors usually lecture on overall design methods and tools but most students prefer to focus on single traditional discipline areas. As a result few students really learn design from a multi-discipline perspective. The issue is exacerbated when design codes are provided and learning can take a back seat to crank turning. In an attempt to improve individual student learning of multi-discipline aircraft design fundamentals, students at the Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at the University of Texas (UT) at Austin are required to write their own spreadsheet design tool called Student Air Vehicle Evaluation (SAVE) as their first project assignment. SAVE is then used exclusively throughout the rest of the course for air vehicle sizing and performance analysis. Individual modules are written as weekly homework assignments and applied to team design tasks. Modules are based on traditional zeroth and first order text book methods which, when linked together, produce realistic vehicle sizing, performance and trade study results. SAVE also supports the UT initiative on System Engineering model based design where student teams submit physics-based models to verify their designs meet requirements. Although individual student learning of overall design tools and methods still varies, integration of SAVE into the course has improved overall learning of air system design fundamentals while substantially shortening student design cycle time.
Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tool... more Traditional university aircraft design education involves application of design and analysis tools and methods from any number of excellent design texts available worldwide. The focus of the student design effort is typically a team air vehicle design where students organize along traditional disciplines lines to design and analyze and sometimes build an air vehicle to meet mission requirements. Textbook tools and methods are applied, by hand or implemented using design codes provided with the text book, available in-house or on line and/or purchased commercially. Instructors usually lecture on overall design methods and tools but most students prefer to focus on single traditional discipline areas. As a result few students really learn design from a multi-discipline perspective. The issue is exacerbated when design codes are provided and learning can take a back seat to crank turning. In an attempt to improve individual student learning of multi-discipline aircraft design fundament...
With an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is... more With an annual growth in travel demand of about 5% globally, managing the environmental impact is a challenge. In 2019, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) issued emission reduction targets, including well-to-wake greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced at least 50% from 2005 levels by 2050. This discusses several technologies from an aircraft design perspective that can contribute to achieving these targets. One thing is certain: aircraft will look different in the future. The Transonic Truss-Braced Wing and Flying V configurations are promising significant efficiency improvements over conventional configurations. Electric propulsion, in various architectures, is becoming a feasible option for general aviation and commuter aircraft. It will be a growing field of aviation with zero-emissions flight and opportunities for special missions. Lastly, this paper discusses methods and design processes that include all relevant disciplines to ensure that the aircraft is opti...
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