Books by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
by Anne-Marie Pétrequin, Pierre Pétrequin, Alison Sheridan, Lutz Klassen, Michel G L Errera, Serge Cassen, Yvan PAILLER, Ramon Fábregas Valcarce, Arturo de Lombera-Hermida, François GILIGNY, Carlos Rodríguez Rellán, Florian Klimscha, Mark Edmonds, Tsoni Tsonev, Massimo Ghedini, Elisabetta Starnini, M. Prieto-martínez, Salvador Domínguez-Bella, Christophe Le Pennec, and Pilar Prieto M
Papers by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
To the West of Spanish Cantabria: the Palaeolithic settlement of Galicia, 2011, ISBN 9781407308609, págs. 123-132, 2011
La depresión de Monforte de Lemos (Lugo, Galicia). Yacimientos paleolíticos inéditos en el noroeste peninsular, 2007
Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from Northern Portugal and Southern Spain dated around 4,000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal Sub-Saharan mitogenome of most likely West or West-Central African origin, never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of Sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but an admixture event recognizable at the population level. We interpret this result as evidence of an early migration process from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula through a Western route, possibly across the Strait of Gibraltar
Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bron... more Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bronze Age, the human groups have adapted themselves to the environment. Moreover, they were affected by the shifting temperatures, the changes of the vegetal cover and other modifications of the landscape and far from being a passive subject, they often played a significant role in those environmental dynamics.
Prehistoric Art as Prehistoric Culture, 2015
Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a num... more Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a number of Palaeolithic engravings—narrow and shallow grooves—that are dispersed on the walls of the cave. As direct contact with the panel would be extremely harmful for the rock surface, we have decided to use 3D methods to record the motifs. Thus, we applied different techniques based on dense photogrammetry, for example the Radiance Scaling, in order to accomplish a better visualization of the motifs, removing part of the subjectivity that the previous recording methods presented and avoiding direct contact with the panel.
For each connected alternating tangle, we provide an infinite family of non-left-orderable L-spac... more For each connected alternating tangle, we provide an infinite family of non-left-orderable L-spaces. This gives further support for Conjecture [3] of Boyer, Gordon, and Watson that is a rational homology 3-sphere is an L-space if and only if it is non-left-orderable. These 3-manifolds are obtained as Dehn fillings of the double branched covering of any alternating encircled tangle. We give a presentation of these non-left-orderable L-spaces as double branched coverings of S 3 , branched over some specified links that turn out to be hyperbolic. We show that the obtained families include many non-Seifert fibered spaces. We also show that these families include many Seifert fibered spaces and give a surgery description for some of them. In the process we give another way to prove that the torus knots T (2, 2m+1) are L-space-knots as has already been shown by Ozsváth and Szabó in [24]. 1 1 Introduction A group G is said to be left-orderable if there exists a total order < on the elements of G such that given any two elements a and b in G, if a < b then ca < cb for any c ∈ G. By convention, the trivial group is non-left-orderable. One interesting problem studied by topologists is the relationship between the topology or geometry of a 3-manifold and the left-orderability of its fundamental group. In 2005, Boyer, Rolfsen, and Wiest showed in [4] that if the fundamental group of a 3-manifold M is non-leftorderable, then M is a rational homology 3-sphere. An interesting familiy of rational homology 3-spheres is that of L-spaces which was introduced in 2005 by Ozsváth and Szabó [25]. Recall that a rational homology 3-sphere M is an L-space if the rank of the Heegaard Floer homology group HF (M) is equal to |H 1 (M ; Z)|, the cardinal of the first homology group of M. Ozsváth and Szabó showed in [24] that Lens spaces are L-spaces. In particular, the 3-sphere S 3 is an L-space. According to the following conjecture, it seems that L-spaces are the only rational homology 3-spheres which satisfy the converse of the result showed by Boyer, Rolfsen, and Wiest cited above. Conjecture 1.1 (L-space conjecture [3]). The fundamental group of a rational homology 3sphere M is non-left-orderable if and only if M is an L-space. In 2013, Boyer, Gordon, and Watson showed that this conjecture is true for Seifert fibered spaces and non-hyperbolic geometric 3-manifolds [3]. Many known families of L-spaces have non-left-orderable fundamental groups. These families include the double branched coverings of non-split alternating links and those of genus two positive knots ([14], [15]). On the other hand, there are many examples of 3-manifolds with non-left-orderable fundamental groups detected by Dabkowski, Przytycki and Togha in [10], Roberts and Shareshian in [29], and Roberts,
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2018
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2019
Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here, we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from northern Portugal and southern Spain dated around 4000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal sub-Saharan mitogenome of most probably West or West-Central African origin, to our knowledge never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but a...
Radiocarbon, 2017
At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to ... more At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to the final moments of the Upper Paleolithic. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy were used to identify charcoal as black pigment. Although contamination from medieval fires inside the cave complicates the dating of these pictographs, analyses of unpainted rock backgrounds allowed calculation corrections for contaminated samples. We used plasma oxidation and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to directly radiocarbon (14C) date two charcoal paintings—confirming that the images are more than 9000 yr old. As these paintings superimpose engravings, these14C dates also provide a minimum age for an engraving at Cova Eirós that is stylistically Final Magdalenian/Epipaleolithic. This is the first known evidence of Paleolithic cave art in Galicia of NW Iberia.
Quaternary International, 2016
In Western Europe, Acheulean cultural evidence is well attested by ca. 0.5 Ma. However, recent wo... more In Western Europe, Acheulean cultural evidence is well attested by ca. 0.5 Ma. However, recent work has proven that it was present earlier; at the end of the Early Pleistocene. The timing and mode of the Western European Acheulean needs still to be investigated, and this knowledge appears to be strongly dependent upon data from sites with sufficiently well preserved archeo-stratigraphical sequences and/or geophysical conditions that guarantee reliable dating. The karstic deposits from the Sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain) represent one such case. They contain exceptionally long and continuous archeo-paleontological deposits that have yielded hominins, stone tools and faunal remains from a period covering the late Early Pleistocene up to the Holocene. Previous work has allowed us to reconstruct the evolution of technology on a local scale, from the late Early to the Middle Pleistocene, and to situate the appearance of the Acheulean more or less simultaneously in the sites of Galería, Gran Dolina-TD10 and the Sima de los Huesos, at around 0.5 Ma, after a hiatus of archeological evidence of approximately 300 Ka. These Acheulean assemblages appear in association with hominin fossils that have recently been identified as early members of the Neandertal lineage. Delving further into the description of the Acheulean from Atapuerca, we have recently focused on the technological features that we consider to be of particular evolutionary significance and attempted to identify them in other European key sites of comparable chronologies. Indeed, we identified some internal evolutionary trends, which led us to propose that there was a local transition at Atapuerca from the Acheulean to the early Middle Paleolithic techno-complexes. However, the chronological setting resulting from the intensive dating programs carried out in the Galería and Sima de los Huesos sites, and especially, the correlation of these dates with the ones available from Gran Dolina-TD10, confronts us with some apparent paradoxes underlining the need to reconsider the technological interpretation of the lithic technical record from Atapuerca. While great efforts are being made in dating and analysis at many European Middle Pleistocene sites, as well as in establishing correlations with which to build consistent regional sequences, single, long, continuous, and accurately excavated (i.e. over a large surface area) archeological successions remain crucial to properly interpret the appearance and evolution of the Acheulean throughout Europe. We further stress the importance of taking into account conditioning factors such as, raw material availability, environmental constraints and site function issues.
An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations i... more An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations in the Iberian Peninsula
Quaternary International, 2016
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Books by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
Papers by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
La asociación de un registro lítico achelense con unas dataciones del Pleistoceno
superior lo convirtió en uno de los yacimientos más controvertidos. Por ello, son numerosas
las intervenciones arqueológicas y revisiones que intentaron comprender la problemática del
yacimiento desde un punto de vista geomorfológico, sedimentario y arqueológico. En este
capítulo juntamos toda la información espacial referente a dichas intervenciones y ofrecemos
los datos de las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en la década de los 90 y de la revisión de su
industria lítica del Locus I, conjuntos que parecían sugerir la existencia de varias ocupaciones
ampliamente diferenciadas desde el punto de vista temporal en Budiño. Los datos estratigráficos,
tafonómicos y tecnológicos corroboran que gran parte de estas industrias se encuentran
en posición derivada y que, actualmente, todos los conjuntos parecen corresponderse con
ocupaciones desarrolladas en la segunda mitad del Pleistoceno medio.
of aspect, slope, average height, least-cost paths, visibility and proximity to river courses and routes. This spatial and diachronic approach lead to the identification of the evolution and variability of the settlement patterns of the Paleolithic sites ascribed to the Mode 2, Mode 3 and Mode 4.
une autre lecture des assemblages. À Orgnac 3, les omportements tant lithiques que de subsistance se modifient dans le temps selon des rythmes différents et affectent l’approvisionnement en matières premières, les modes
de débitage, l’outillage, la gestion de la biodiversité animale, le traitement des carcasses et les types d’occupation. Ces modifications ne sont pas en relation avec le changement climatique qui s’amorce au sommet de la séquence (début MIS 8, niveau 1). Ce n’est que vers 280 000 ans (sommet de la séquence d’Orgnac 3 et base de la séquence de Payre, fin MIS 8/ début MIS 7) que les stratégies de subsistance et lithiques obéissent à des
règles communes que l’on peut qualifier clairement de type paléolithique moyen.