In the current study, the performance of soybean lecithin-enriched adult Artemia franciscana and ... more In the current study, the performance of soybean lecithin-enriched adult Artemia franciscana and its bene cial effects as a replacement for commercial diet were evaluated by determining the biochemical and fatty acid composition of broodstocks and eggs of green terror cichlid (Aequidens rivulatus) for 90 days. Eight hundred and ten sh (3.1 ± 0.2 g) were randomly allotted into glass aquaria (80 L) and assigned to ten dietary treatments at ve different replacement levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of the commercial diet (CD) with either un-enriched Artemia (UA) or lecithin-enriched Artemia (EA). Based on the results, enrichment of Adult Artemia with soy lecithin increased body lipid content in 25% EN, 50% EN and 75% EN treatments, although there was no signi cant difference between dry matter, crude protein and ash between the diet groups (P < 0.05). The highest level of total polar lipid (18.26%) was observed in broodstocks of Green Terror fed 50CD: 50EA. Based on fatty acid composition, the highest amount of saturated fatty acids of broodstocks of Green Terror was revealed in 75CD: 25UA and 50CD: 50UA treatments. The lowest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids was observed in the 50CD: 50EA treatment. The highest amount of DHA (17.81%) was observed in 25CD: 75EAtreatment. The fatty acid analysis of eggs showed signi cantly higher SFA and lower MUFA in 75CD: 25EA treatment. Furthermore, the PUFA and DHA level exhibit signi cantly higher in 50CD: 50EA treatment. In conclusion, the 50CD: 50EA diet improved the lipid and fatty acid composition of Green Terror cichlid sh and therefore, this feeding strategy can be recommended in upgrading the nutritional management of this species.
It has been shown that combination of imatinib (IM) with other agents may have some advantages in... more It has been shown that combination of imatinib (IM) with other agents may have some advantages in avoiding toxicity and resistance caused by this drug. The selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CX), has been known to have antitumor and chemo-sensitizing effect in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of CX and its combination with anticancer agent IM on human colorectal cancer HT-29 cell and their probable molecular targets. Cultured HT-29 cells were exposed to IC50 dose of CX, IM, and their combination (half dose of IC50) for 24 hours to assess their effect on proliferation inhibition by MTT assay. The caspase-3 activity was estimated in HT-29 cells with colorimetric kit. COX-2, Caspase-3, VEGF and NF-κB genes expression was also investigated using real-time PCR method. Combined treatment with IM and CX, resulted in a significant (P˂0.05) decrease in cell viability and increased caspase-3 enzyme activity. Decreased COX-2 gene expression has been found in CX and combined treated group. Significant increase in Caspase-3 gene expression has been shown in IM and combined treated cells. In conclusion, the present in vitro study with colon cancer cell line demonstrated that CX and its combination with IM improved the anticancer activity of each component. Caspase-3 and COX-2 dependent molecular targets seem to be involved in mediating the anti-proliferative effects of IM and CX combination. Of course, the other molecular pathways are also likely to play the role and should be explored in future studies.
This research was performed to introduce a standard protocol for enrichment of Artemia urmian wit... more This research was performed to introduce a standard protocol for enrichment of Artemia urmian with Canola oil. Artemia urmiana nauplii were enriched at three densities (50000, 100000 and 200000 nauplii L-1) and three concentrations of Canola oil (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g L-1). Their effects were evaluated on survival, total length and profile of fatty acids at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 hours after the onset of enrichment. Cysts of A.urmiana were hatched according to the standard method. A.urmiana nauplii were stocked at above densities in 7 L cylindrical containers. Canola oil emulsion was added at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g L-1 at the beginning and 12 hours after the onset of enrichment. The results of analysis showed that enrichment of A.urmiana with 0.3 g L-1 Canola oil at 100000 nauplii L-1 for 18 hours was considered as the best treatment. Artemia nauplii enriched in this treatment had significantly higher levels of (n-3) PUFA and survival and minimum total length comparing to other treatments. The treatment had significantly higher levels of (n-6) PUFA than all treatments except treatment with a density of 50,000 nauplii L-1 with 0.1 g L-1 Canola oil for 18 hours.
Background and Objective: Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the probiotics species used in functi... more Background and Objective: Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the probiotics species used in functional food products. These bacteria or their purified bacteriocins are used as biological preservatives in the food industry. The first step in production of an array of probiotic products is optimizing production in fermentors. This study aimed to examine factors affecting the in vitro growth optimization of Lactobacillus plantarum T5JQ301796.1 in a lab scale fermentor. Materials and Methods: Following 24 hours of anaerobic culture of the lactobacillus at 37°C, the pre-culture was ready and was inoculated to a 5 liter fermentor at 37°C and stirred at 40 rpm. Then factors affecting lactobacillus growth including carbon and nitrogen sources and pH were studied. The results were interpreted using response surface methodology (RSM), and optimal conditions for the equipment were determined. Results and Conclusion: For optimal growth of Lactobacillus plantarum T5JQ301796.1 in lab scale ferment...
International Journal of Aquatic Biology, Jul 28, 2013
High mortality and labor costs are associated with first-feeding sturgeon culture, particularly d... more High mortality and labor costs are associated with first-feeding sturgeon culture, particularly during the period of dietary transition from live to formulated feed. Therefore we investigated the effects of various feeding treatments on the survival and growth of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) larvae during a 20-day culture period. Three replicate groups (250 fish/replicate) of firstfeeding larvae were fed according to four main feeding regimes: (1) live food (live nauplii of brine shrimp Artemia urmiana); (2) indirect transition (5 days live food followed by gradual transition to formulated diet); (3) direct transition (using different combinations of live and formulated diet from the start feeding onwards); (4) formulated feed (FD) from the start feeding. Results indicated that growth and survival were higher in the indirect transition feeding regime than in other regimes. Based on our study, Co-feeding of A. persicus should start five days after prior feeding with live food.
International Journal of Aquatic Biology, Apr 3, 2021
Considering the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and soybean lecithin (SBL) in fat digestio... more Considering the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and soybean lecithin (SBL) in fat digestion, absorption and metabolism as well as stress resistance in aquatic organisms, the current study was a 74-day attempt to investigate the synergistic effects of these two compounds on stress resistance and blood lipoprotein levels of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing 120±5 g. Nine isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets containing 1, 2 and 3% CLA and 2, 3 and 4% soybean lecithin on the basis of the basal control diet (free from CLA and lecithin) were formulated. The fish were exposed to three ascending periods of hypoxic stress (7.5, 15 and 30 min) at the end of culture period. The dissolved oxygen was decreased to 1.96 ppm by injecting nitrogen gas. Significantly higher levels of cortisol and glucose were detected in fish fed on diets having higher levels of SBL (2%) and CLA (3%) at higher stress time improving the resistance to hypoxia stress (P≤0.05). Moreover, levels of triglyceride (TRG), cholesterol (COL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) also increased significantly compared to the control group (P≤0.05). This study reveals that using 2% SBL and 3% CLA in rainbow trout feed can promote resistance to hypoxic stress.
Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, Nov 1, 2012
In this paper the effect of replacing fish meal with different protein sources was tested on grow... more In this paper the effect of replacing fish meal with different protein sources was tested on growth performance, feed utilization and digestive enzyme activity in rainbow trout. Six experimental diets containing different protein sources were tested: 1) 100% fish meal (FM), 2) 60% fish meal + 40% plant protein (60FM/40PP), 3) 30% fish meal + 70% plant protein (30FM/70PP), 4) 100% plant protein (PP), 5) 50% poultry byproduct meal protein + 50% plant protein (50PP/50PM) and 6) 100% poultry by-product meal (PM). Rainbow trout with a mean initial weight of 15±2 g were fed experimental diets for 60 days. Results showed that 40% fish meal replacement with plant protein did not negatively affect the growth indices, feed utilization and muscle proximate composition. However, 70% and 100% replacement of fish meal with different protein sources resulted in significantly decreased growth, feed utilization and total fillet protein, but significantly increased total fillet lipid. The alkaline protease activity in 60FM/40PP, 50PM/50PP and PM groups were not significantly different with control, but significantly lower in 30FM/70PP and PP groups. The fish fed 100% plant protein (PP) resulted in decreased lipase activity compared to other feeding treatments, but no significant differences in lipase activity among other groups.
The effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the performance of juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipe... more The effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the performance of juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) was evaluated in terms of growth and feed efficiency parameters, muscle and liver fatty acid profiles, activity of digestive and antioxidative stress enzymes, and expression of lipoprotein lipase (lpl) and insulin-like growth factor (igf1). For this purpose, seven isoproteic (44% crude protein) and isolipidic (17% crude fat) diets containing graded levels of soybean lecithin (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) were prepared, resulting in 0.3, 0.9, 1.6, 2.7, 3.9, 5.3 and 5.4% of dietary PLs, respectively. At the end of the nutritional study (75 days), we found that there was a positive quadratic polynomial response between growth performance parameters and dietary PLs; somatic growth increased with increasing dietary PL levels up to 3.9% when growth parameters remained stable. Dietary PLs reduced the accumulation of fat stores in the liver and up-regulated the expression of the lipoprotein lipase gene, confirming the important role of this enzyme in incorporating plasma lipids into tissues, whereas the activities of CAT and SOD showed a positive linear increase with dietary PL levels. Increasing dietary PLs from 0.9 to 3.9% promoted the activity of gastric (pepsin) and pancreatic (trypsin, chymotrypsin, bile salt-activated lipase and α-amylase) enzymes, whereas higher inclusion levels of PLs did not provide any advantage in terms of A. stellatus digestive capacities. The analysis of fatty acid profiles in diets and selected tissues (liver and muscle) showed the capacity of A. stellatus juveniles to desaturate and elongate linoleic (C18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids to arachidonic (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids. Based on the results of growth performance, feed efficiency and physiological parameters, the inclusion of 3.9% of PLs in compound diets for juvenile stellate sturgeon are recommended.
A 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the following eight experimental diets, w... more A 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the following eight experimental diets, which varied in bovine lactoferrin (LF), xylooligosacharide (XOS), and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) as probiotic silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles including control (diet 1), 400 mg kg −1
the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Lactobacillus pl... more the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum as probiotic (pro) with bovine lactoferrin (lf) and xylooligosacharide (xos) on growth performance, hemato-immune response, body composition, digestive enzymes activity and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes of sobaity (Sparidentex hasta) for 8 weeks. fish were fed with feed including: control diet (no lf, xos and pro inclusion), diet 1 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 5000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 2 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 10000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 3 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 1 × 10 6 gr-1 pro (L. plantarum)), diet 4 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 5000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 5 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 10000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 6 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 1 × 10 6 gr-1 pro (L. plantarum)). growth performance, hematological parameters (except for white blood cell counts), body composition and immune-related gene expression were not affected by different experimental groups (p>0.05). nonetheless, nonspecific immune response (except for total immunoglobulin) and growth-related gene expression of treatments and control group significantly varied (P<0.05). Digestive enzymes activity including total protease and amylase increased by supplementing diets with different combinations of immunostimulants (P<0.05). Our results suggest that diets supplemented with selected levels of LF, XOS and L. plantarum could not improve growth performance, body composition and hemato-immune response, but improved digestive enzyme activities in S. hasta fingerlings.
The effects of feeding on a commercial diet and lecithin-enriched (EN) Artemia franciscana naupli... more The effects of feeding on a commercial diet and lecithin-enriched (EN) Artemia franciscana nauplii for improving co-feeding strategies of Neotropical green terror cichlid (Aequidens rivulatus) larvae were conducted. For this purpose, eight groups of fish in triplicates were assigned with two different diets (unenriched Artemia [UN] and EN Artemia) and four feeding regimes (1, 5, 10 and 25 days feeding with UN and EN diets and then a 10% daily replacement Artemia nauplii with commercial diet). The crude lipid (21.4%) and total polar lipid (12.96% of total crud lipid) levels significantly increased in enriched Artemia nauplii (p < 0.05). The highest amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were in enriched and UN Artemia nauplii (41.74% and 49.64% respectively) but the highest level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (25.69%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (49.11%) were obtained in commercial diet. Growth performance of fish fed 10 EN and 5 EN had significantly higher values of total weight (120.67, 120.31 mg), %WG (584.48, 580.50%) and SGR (7.69, 7.67%) respectively (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, fish fed 25 EN had significantly higher FCE (190.4%), PER (3.95) and NPU (202.5), in comparison with other groups. In terms of body composition, the EN Artemia nauplii led to increased lipid contents in 25 EN, 10 EN and 5 EN treatments. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that feeding regimes of 10 EN and 5 EN could improves survival and growth performance of Neotropical green terror cichlid, A. rivulatus larvae.
Sobaity seabream (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830) is a commercially valuable carnivorous fi... more Sobaity seabream (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830) is a commercially valuable carnivorous fish species distributed in the Western Indian Ocean (W.I.O) and is known from the Persian Gulf and eastward to the coast of India. In 2013, an estimated 500 met
Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Apr 10, 2015
Because of limitations of production of unicellular green algae (especially in large volumes), th... more Because of limitations of production of unicellular green algae (especially in large volumes), this study aimed to culture Artemia using three sources of cheap agricultural by-products that were coupled with small amounts of unicellular algae Dunaliella salina. The results of growth and survival, biomass production, Individual wet weight, wet and ash percent, FCR and SGR and nutritional value of experiments groups were compared with that of the control group that was reared on a diet completely consisting of green algae. At the end of day 15, although best results in the case of growth and survival and biomass production were obtained in the control, the results of all evaluated parameters experimental treatments were comparable to the control.
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Mar 26, 2014
In this study, proximate and fatty acid composition in the edible flesh of eight underutilized an... more In this study, proximate and fatty acid composition in the edible flesh of eight underutilized and five commercial freshwater fish species were compared in order to evaluate the potential of these fish for development of functional value-added fishery products. The lipid content (% dry weight basis) of investigated fish species ranged from 3.44 to 9.25 in underutilized and 3.73-7.68 in commercial species. In comparison with underutilized fish species, commercial species had higher levels of protein (P \ 0.05). The high proportion of EPA?DHA was found with Goldfish (524 mg/100 g flesh), Wels (422 mg/100 g flesh), and Crucian carp (354 mg/100 g flesh), all of which belonged to underutilized group. All studied fish (save Lenkoran) showed values higher than the minimum recommended DHA/EPA value (0.45). The ratios of n-6/n-3 found in this study were much lower (save Goatfish) than those cited as a harmful value (4.0 as the maximum value). The PUFA/SFA value of the present fish samples was higher at 1.57 for Goatfish, 1.02 for Lenkoran, 0.68 for Wels, all of these fish belonging to the underutilized group. The highest atherogenic and thrombogenicity index values were generally obtained for commercial species. It seems in respect of comparability of these lipid quality indicators, the underutilized fish species could be highly recommended as an important source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and Max-EPA products for humans consumption.
In the current study, the performance of soybean lecithin-enriched adult Artemia franciscana and ... more In the current study, the performance of soybean lecithin-enriched adult Artemia franciscana and its bene cial effects as a replacement for commercial diet were evaluated by determining the biochemical and fatty acid composition of broodstocks and eggs of green terror cichlid (Aequidens rivulatus) for 90 days. Eight hundred and ten sh (3.1 ± 0.2 g) were randomly allotted into glass aquaria (80 L) and assigned to ten dietary treatments at ve different replacement levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) of the commercial diet (CD) with either un-enriched Artemia (UA) or lecithin-enriched Artemia (EA). Based on the results, enrichment of Adult Artemia with soy lecithin increased body lipid content in 25% EN, 50% EN and 75% EN treatments, although there was no signi cant difference between dry matter, crude protein and ash between the diet groups (P < 0.05). The highest level of total polar lipid (18.26%) was observed in broodstocks of Green Terror fed 50CD: 50EA. Based on fatty acid composition, the highest amount of saturated fatty acids of broodstocks of Green Terror was revealed in 75CD: 25UA and 50CD: 50UA treatments. The lowest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids was observed in the 50CD: 50EA treatment. The highest amount of DHA (17.81%) was observed in 25CD: 75EAtreatment. The fatty acid analysis of eggs showed signi cantly higher SFA and lower MUFA in 75CD: 25EA treatment. Furthermore, the PUFA and DHA level exhibit signi cantly higher in 50CD: 50EA treatment. In conclusion, the 50CD: 50EA diet improved the lipid and fatty acid composition of Green Terror cichlid sh and therefore, this feeding strategy can be recommended in upgrading the nutritional management of this species.
It has been shown that combination of imatinib (IM) with other agents may have some advantages in... more It has been shown that combination of imatinib (IM) with other agents may have some advantages in avoiding toxicity and resistance caused by this drug. The selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CX), has been known to have antitumor and chemo-sensitizing effect in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of CX and its combination with anticancer agent IM on human colorectal cancer HT-29 cell and their probable molecular targets. Cultured HT-29 cells were exposed to IC50 dose of CX, IM, and their combination (half dose of IC50) for 24 hours to assess their effect on proliferation inhibition by MTT assay. The caspase-3 activity was estimated in HT-29 cells with colorimetric kit. COX-2, Caspase-3, VEGF and NF-κB genes expression was also investigated using real-time PCR method. Combined treatment with IM and CX, resulted in a significant (P˂0.05) decrease in cell viability and increased caspase-3 enzyme activity. Decreased COX-2 gene expression has been found in CX and combined treated group. Significant increase in Caspase-3 gene expression has been shown in IM and combined treated cells. In conclusion, the present in vitro study with colon cancer cell line demonstrated that CX and its combination with IM improved the anticancer activity of each component. Caspase-3 and COX-2 dependent molecular targets seem to be involved in mediating the anti-proliferative effects of IM and CX combination. Of course, the other molecular pathways are also likely to play the role and should be explored in future studies.
This research was performed to introduce a standard protocol for enrichment of Artemia urmian wit... more This research was performed to introduce a standard protocol for enrichment of Artemia urmian with Canola oil. Artemia urmiana nauplii were enriched at three densities (50000, 100000 and 200000 nauplii L-1) and three concentrations of Canola oil (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g L-1). Their effects were evaluated on survival, total length and profile of fatty acids at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 hours after the onset of enrichment. Cysts of A.urmiana were hatched according to the standard method. A.urmiana nauplii were stocked at above densities in 7 L cylindrical containers. Canola oil emulsion was added at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g L-1 at the beginning and 12 hours after the onset of enrichment. The results of analysis showed that enrichment of A.urmiana with 0.3 g L-1 Canola oil at 100000 nauplii L-1 for 18 hours was considered as the best treatment. Artemia nauplii enriched in this treatment had significantly higher levels of (n-3) PUFA and survival and minimum total length comparing to other treatments. The treatment had significantly higher levels of (n-6) PUFA than all treatments except treatment with a density of 50,000 nauplii L-1 with 0.1 g L-1 Canola oil for 18 hours.
Background and Objective: Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the probiotics species used in functi... more Background and Objective: Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the probiotics species used in functional food products. These bacteria or their purified bacteriocins are used as biological preservatives in the food industry. The first step in production of an array of probiotic products is optimizing production in fermentors. This study aimed to examine factors affecting the in vitro growth optimization of Lactobacillus plantarum T5JQ301796.1 in a lab scale fermentor. Materials and Methods: Following 24 hours of anaerobic culture of the lactobacillus at 37°C, the pre-culture was ready and was inoculated to a 5 liter fermentor at 37°C and stirred at 40 rpm. Then factors affecting lactobacillus growth including carbon and nitrogen sources and pH were studied. The results were interpreted using response surface methodology (RSM), and optimal conditions for the equipment were determined. Results and Conclusion: For optimal growth of Lactobacillus plantarum T5JQ301796.1 in lab scale ferment...
International Journal of Aquatic Biology, Jul 28, 2013
High mortality and labor costs are associated with first-feeding sturgeon culture, particularly d... more High mortality and labor costs are associated with first-feeding sturgeon culture, particularly during the period of dietary transition from live to formulated feed. Therefore we investigated the effects of various feeding treatments on the survival and growth of the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) larvae during a 20-day culture period. Three replicate groups (250 fish/replicate) of firstfeeding larvae were fed according to four main feeding regimes: (1) live food (live nauplii of brine shrimp Artemia urmiana); (2) indirect transition (5 days live food followed by gradual transition to formulated diet); (3) direct transition (using different combinations of live and formulated diet from the start feeding onwards); (4) formulated feed (FD) from the start feeding. Results indicated that growth and survival were higher in the indirect transition feeding regime than in other regimes. Based on our study, Co-feeding of A. persicus should start five days after prior feeding with live food.
International Journal of Aquatic Biology, Apr 3, 2021
Considering the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and soybean lecithin (SBL) in fat digestio... more Considering the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and soybean lecithin (SBL) in fat digestion, absorption and metabolism as well as stress resistance in aquatic organisms, the current study was a 74-day attempt to investigate the synergistic effects of these two compounds on stress resistance and blood lipoprotein levels of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing 120±5 g. Nine isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets containing 1, 2 and 3% CLA and 2, 3 and 4% soybean lecithin on the basis of the basal control diet (free from CLA and lecithin) were formulated. The fish were exposed to three ascending periods of hypoxic stress (7.5, 15 and 30 min) at the end of culture period. The dissolved oxygen was decreased to 1.96 ppm by injecting nitrogen gas. Significantly higher levels of cortisol and glucose were detected in fish fed on diets having higher levels of SBL (2%) and CLA (3%) at higher stress time improving the resistance to hypoxia stress (P≤0.05). Moreover, levels of triglyceride (TRG), cholesterol (COL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) also increased significantly compared to the control group (P≤0.05). This study reveals that using 2% SBL and 3% CLA in rainbow trout feed can promote resistance to hypoxic stress.
Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, Nov 1, 2012
In this paper the effect of replacing fish meal with different protein sources was tested on grow... more In this paper the effect of replacing fish meal with different protein sources was tested on growth performance, feed utilization and digestive enzyme activity in rainbow trout. Six experimental diets containing different protein sources were tested: 1) 100% fish meal (FM), 2) 60% fish meal + 40% plant protein (60FM/40PP), 3) 30% fish meal + 70% plant protein (30FM/70PP), 4) 100% plant protein (PP), 5) 50% poultry byproduct meal protein + 50% plant protein (50PP/50PM) and 6) 100% poultry by-product meal (PM). Rainbow trout with a mean initial weight of 15±2 g were fed experimental diets for 60 days. Results showed that 40% fish meal replacement with plant protein did not negatively affect the growth indices, feed utilization and muscle proximate composition. However, 70% and 100% replacement of fish meal with different protein sources resulted in significantly decreased growth, feed utilization and total fillet protein, but significantly increased total fillet lipid. The alkaline protease activity in 60FM/40PP, 50PM/50PP and PM groups were not significantly different with control, but significantly lower in 30FM/70PP and PP groups. The fish fed 100% plant protein (PP) resulted in decreased lipase activity compared to other feeding treatments, but no significant differences in lipase activity among other groups.
The effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the performance of juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipe... more The effects of dietary phospholipids (PL) on the performance of juvenile stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) was evaluated in terms of growth and feed efficiency parameters, muscle and liver fatty acid profiles, activity of digestive and antioxidative stress enzymes, and expression of lipoprotein lipase (lpl) and insulin-like growth factor (igf1). For this purpose, seven isoproteic (44% crude protein) and isolipidic (17% crude fat) diets containing graded levels of soybean lecithin (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) were prepared, resulting in 0.3, 0.9, 1.6, 2.7, 3.9, 5.3 and 5.4% of dietary PLs, respectively. At the end of the nutritional study (75 days), we found that there was a positive quadratic polynomial response between growth performance parameters and dietary PLs; somatic growth increased with increasing dietary PL levels up to 3.9% when growth parameters remained stable. Dietary PLs reduced the accumulation of fat stores in the liver and up-regulated the expression of the lipoprotein lipase gene, confirming the important role of this enzyme in incorporating plasma lipids into tissues, whereas the activities of CAT and SOD showed a positive linear increase with dietary PL levels. Increasing dietary PLs from 0.9 to 3.9% promoted the activity of gastric (pepsin) and pancreatic (trypsin, chymotrypsin, bile salt-activated lipase and α-amylase) enzymes, whereas higher inclusion levels of PLs did not provide any advantage in terms of A. stellatus digestive capacities. The analysis of fatty acid profiles in diets and selected tissues (liver and muscle) showed the capacity of A. stellatus juveniles to desaturate and elongate linoleic (C18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids to arachidonic (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids. Based on the results of growth performance, feed efficiency and physiological parameters, the inclusion of 3.9% of PLs in compound diets for juvenile stellate sturgeon are recommended.
A 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the following eight experimental diets, w... more A 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the following eight experimental diets, which varied in bovine lactoferrin (LF), xylooligosacharide (XOS), and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) as probiotic silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles including control (diet 1), 400 mg kg −1
the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Lactobacillus pl... more the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Lactobacillus plantarum as probiotic (pro) with bovine lactoferrin (lf) and xylooligosacharide (xos) on growth performance, hemato-immune response, body composition, digestive enzymes activity and expression of immune-related and growth-related genes of sobaity (Sparidentex hasta) for 8 weeks. fish were fed with feed including: control diet (no lf, xos and pro inclusion), diet 1 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 5000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 2 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 10000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 3 (400 mg kg-1 lf + 1 × 10 6 gr-1 pro (L. plantarum)), diet 4 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 5000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 5 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 10000 mg kg-1 xos), diet 6 (800 mg kg-1 lf + 1 × 10 6 gr-1 pro (L. plantarum)). growth performance, hematological parameters (except for white blood cell counts), body composition and immune-related gene expression were not affected by different experimental groups (p>0.05). nonetheless, nonspecific immune response (except for total immunoglobulin) and growth-related gene expression of treatments and control group significantly varied (P<0.05). Digestive enzymes activity including total protease and amylase increased by supplementing diets with different combinations of immunostimulants (P<0.05). Our results suggest that diets supplemented with selected levels of LF, XOS and L. plantarum could not improve growth performance, body composition and hemato-immune response, but improved digestive enzyme activities in S. hasta fingerlings.
The effects of feeding on a commercial diet and lecithin-enriched (EN) Artemia franciscana naupli... more The effects of feeding on a commercial diet and lecithin-enriched (EN) Artemia franciscana nauplii for improving co-feeding strategies of Neotropical green terror cichlid (Aequidens rivulatus) larvae were conducted. For this purpose, eight groups of fish in triplicates were assigned with two different diets (unenriched Artemia [UN] and EN Artemia) and four feeding regimes (1, 5, 10 and 25 days feeding with UN and EN diets and then a 10% daily replacement Artemia nauplii with commercial diet). The crude lipid (21.4%) and total polar lipid (12.96% of total crud lipid) levels significantly increased in enriched Artemia nauplii (p < 0.05). The highest amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were in enriched and UN Artemia nauplii (41.74% and 49.64% respectively) but the highest level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (25.69%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (49.11%) were obtained in commercial diet. Growth performance of fish fed 10 EN and 5 EN had significantly higher values of total weight (120.67, 120.31 mg), %WG (584.48, 580.50%) and SGR (7.69, 7.67%) respectively (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, fish fed 25 EN had significantly higher FCE (190.4%), PER (3.95) and NPU (202.5), in comparison with other groups. In terms of body composition, the EN Artemia nauplii led to increased lipid contents in 25 EN, 10 EN and 5 EN treatments. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that feeding regimes of 10 EN and 5 EN could improves survival and growth performance of Neotropical green terror cichlid, A. rivulatus larvae.
Sobaity seabream (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830) is a commercially valuable carnivorous fi... more Sobaity seabream (Sparidentex hasta, Valenciennes 1830) is a commercially valuable carnivorous fish species distributed in the Western Indian Ocean (W.I.O) and is known from the Persian Gulf and eastward to the coast of India. In 2013, an estimated 500 met
Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Apr 10, 2015
Because of limitations of production of unicellular green algae (especially in large volumes), th... more Because of limitations of production of unicellular green algae (especially in large volumes), this study aimed to culture Artemia using three sources of cheap agricultural by-products that were coupled with small amounts of unicellular algae Dunaliella salina. The results of growth and survival, biomass production, Individual wet weight, wet and ash percent, FCR and SGR and nutritional value of experiments groups were compared with that of the control group that was reared on a diet completely consisting of green algae. At the end of day 15, although best results in the case of growth and survival and biomass production were obtained in the control, the results of all evaluated parameters experimental treatments were comparable to the control.
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Mar 26, 2014
In this study, proximate and fatty acid composition in the edible flesh of eight underutilized an... more In this study, proximate and fatty acid composition in the edible flesh of eight underutilized and five commercial freshwater fish species were compared in order to evaluate the potential of these fish for development of functional value-added fishery products. The lipid content (% dry weight basis) of investigated fish species ranged from 3.44 to 9.25 in underutilized and 3.73-7.68 in commercial species. In comparison with underutilized fish species, commercial species had higher levels of protein (P \ 0.05). The high proportion of EPA?DHA was found with Goldfish (524 mg/100 g flesh), Wels (422 mg/100 g flesh), and Crucian carp (354 mg/100 g flesh), all of which belonged to underutilized group. All studied fish (save Lenkoran) showed values higher than the minimum recommended DHA/EPA value (0.45). The ratios of n-6/n-3 found in this study were much lower (save Goatfish) than those cited as a harmful value (4.0 as the maximum value). The PUFA/SFA value of the present fish samples was higher at 1.57 for Goatfish, 1.02 for Lenkoran, 0.68 for Wels, all of these fish belonging to the underutilized group. The highest atherogenic and thrombogenicity index values were generally obtained for commercial species. It seems in respect of comparability of these lipid quality indicators, the underutilized fish species could be highly recommended as an important source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and Max-EPA products for humans consumption.
Uploads
Papers by farzaneh Noori