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Huimin Chen

University of New Orleans, Electrical Engineering, Faculty Member

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Huimin Chen received the B.E. and M.E. degrees from Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 1996 and 1998, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, in 2002, all in electrical engineering. He was a post doctorate research associate at Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, and a visiting researcher with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University from July 2002 where his research focus was on weak signal detection for single electron spin microscopy. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of New Orleans in Jan. 2003 where he is currently an associate professor. His research interests are in general areas of signal processing, estimation theory, and information theory with applications to target detection and target tracking.
Phone: 1-504-280-1280
Address: 2000 Lakeshore Drive
New Orleans, LA 70148, USA

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Papers by Huimin Chen

1. INTRODUCTION Track-to-Track Association Using Attributes

The problem of track-to-track association-a prerequisite for the fusion of tracks-has been consid... more The problem of track-to-track association-a prerequisite for the fusion of tracks-has been considered in the literature for tracks described by kinematic states and, more recently, has been generalized to include additional (continuous valued) feature and (discrete valued) attribute variables which pertain to those tracks. These approaches allow the search for the maximum likelihood (ML) or maximum a posteriori (MAP) association. However, while for kinematic variables there is a "gating" procedure based on a Gaussian distribution-which corresponds to a Neyman-Pearson test of "common origin" (actually, "same kinematic state") with selectable power-there is no simple counterpart of this for attributes. The sufficient statistic for the optimal association test (in the Neyman-Pearson sense) based on discrete-valued target classification information observables (attributes) is derived and its relationship with the class probability vector is discussed. Based on this, "attribute gates" are presented, which allow a Neyman-Pearson test for "same class" with the desired power.

Track association and fusion with heterogeneous local trackers

Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2007

The problem of track-to-track association and track fusion has been considered in the literature ... more The problem of track-to-track association and track fusion has been considered in the literature where the local trackers assume the same target motion model and send their local state estimates to the fusion center on demand. Many issues arise when local trackers use different target motion models or even operate on different target state spaces. In this case, selecting an appropriate track association method at the fusion center is essential to the performance of the overall tracking system. In this paper, we examine several track association methods with different assumptions on the target distribution in a surveillance region. We found that the track association performance can be very different among these methods even when they have the same desired significance level of the correct association probability. We recommend to use the track association method that best approximates the likelihood ratio test with complete knowledge of the target distribution. In addition, existing track fusion techniques have to be modified to account for the model mismatch among some of the local trackers. The track association and fusion problem is illustrated by a two dimensional tracking example with both radar tracks and electronic support measures (ESM) tracks.

Multi-agent modeling and analysis for space situation awareness

Structure-property relationships in manganese oxide-mesoporous silica nanoparticles used for T< sub> 1</sub>-weighted MRI and simultaneous anti-cancer drug delivery

The extremely low longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of manganese oxide has severely impeded their subs... more The extremely low longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of manganese oxide has severely impeded their substitution for cytotoxic gadolinium-based contrast agents for safe clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we report on a synthetic strategy of chemical oxidation/reduction reaction in-situ in mesopores, followed by hydrogen reduction, for the fabrication of non-toxic manganese oxide/MSNs-based MRI-T1 contrast agents with highly comparable imaging performance to commercial Gd-based agents.

$Fig. 3. FITC-Mn-MSNs are internalized by MCF-7 cells. The MCF-7 cells were incubated with the nanoparticles (FITC-Mn-MSNs, 50 g/mL) for 6 h. After incubation, the cell nucleus were stained by DAPI (blue), and the extracellular fluorescence was quenched by trypan blue and the endocytosed particles with FITC-label (green) inside cells were detected by CLSM (a,—a3); Three-dimensional fluorescence reconstructions of nanoparticle-endocytosed MCF-7 cells (b;—b3) to demonstrate the internalization of nanoparticles within cancer cells; Three-dimensional fluorescence reconstructions of nanoparticle-endocytosized MCF-7 cells after nucleus and lysosomes double-staining (c;—c4), to demonstrate the intra- cellular location of Mn-MSNs nanoparticles (nuclei (c;): blue fluorescence of DAPI staining; lysosomes (cz): red fluorescence of Lyso-tracker red staining; Mn-MSNs (c3): green fluorescence of FITC grafting). The yellow fluorescence signal in overlay image (c4), which comes from the superposition of the red and green, suggests that some Mn-MSNs have entered lysosomes while the rests are in the cytoplasm; selected bio-TEM images of MCF-7 cells after co-incubation with Mn-MSNs nanoparticles for 24 h showing (d,) Mn-MSNs uptaken by MCF-7 cells by endocytosed process, (d2) Mn-MSNs trapping in vesicles inside the cell and (d3) endosomal escape of nanoparticles into the cytoplasm. (For inter- pretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) paramagnetic center within mesopores, EDS elemental mapping of Mn, Si and O elements in Mn-MSNs was conducted (Fig. 2a;—aq and Fig. S3). The result shows that the manganese element is homogeneously distributed in the whole mesoporous silica matrix without the accumulation at the particle surface, demonstrating the pore-confined formation and deposition of Manganese oxide nanoparticles within mesopores. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) results show that the manganese element content in Mn-MSNs is 5.94% (w/w), which could be facilely tuned by varying the initial synthetic parameters such as MnOq concentrations, reaction time and temperature. The Mn-MSNs nanoparticles exhibit small- angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) peaks at 2.5, 4.3 and 5.0° that are characteristic of (100), (110) and (200) planes of the typical Fig. 2 shows the morphology, structural and chemical char- acteristics of Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction. The Mn-MSNs exhibits spherical morphology, high dispersity and two-dimensional hexagonally ordered pore array (Fig. 2a and Figs. S1, S2 and S4). To further investigate the distribution of manganese$

$Fig. 4. In vivo MR imaging capability of Mn-MSNs after H2 reduction. A time-course (0, 5, 30, 60 min) of the signal enhancement in T;-weighted MRI of tumor (a;—ag), liver (ci—c. and kidney (d\—d4) of a tumor-bearing mouse after intravenous injection of Mn-MSNs; b;—b,: magnified images of corresponding circled area in ay—a4. To assess the effectiveness of Mn-MSNs as MRI CAs, the magnetic resonance relaxivity of the nanoparticles was measured using a clinical 3.0 T human clinical scanner. The in vitro longitu- dinal relaxation rate (1/T,) and transverse relaxation rate (1/T2) as a function of the manganese ion concentrations of Mn-MSNs before and after Hz reduction were evaluated. As shown in Fig. 2b and c, Mn-MSNs have an 1; value of 0.45 mM~!s~! and rz value of 9. mM~'s~! before the heat treatment. However, the specific relaxivity of Mn-MSNs was found to significantly increase after Hz reduction. The r; and rz values of Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction reached 2.28 and 15.9 mM~'s~!,5.1 and 1.7 times higher than their original values before Hz reduction, respectively. It can be inferred that the increased relaxivities of the Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction MCM-41-type mesoporous materials, respectively (Fig. S5a). The SAXRD results indicate that Mn-MSNs possess ordered meso- porous arrays. The wide-angle XRD patterns (WAXRD, Fig. S5b) exhibit no apparent diffraction peaks for crystallized manganese oxide nanoparticles, demonstrating the absence of large manganese oxide particles formed on the material matrix during the synthetic process. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique was employed to characterize the pore structures of Mn-MSNs after the Hz reduction, which shows that the isotherms of Mn- MSNs exhibit the typical Langmuir IV type hysteresis loop, indi- cating the presence of well-defined mesopores (Fig. S6a). In addition, Mn-MSNs are highly porous with a surface area of 665 m?/g, pore volume of 0.99 cm?/g and pore size of 2.4 nm (Fig. S6b), indicating that the mesopore system of MSNs remain open and penetrable after the deposition of manganese oxide species.$

Papillomavirus capsid proteins mutually impact structure

We studied a panel of mutant viruses containing wild-type and chimeric capsid HPV16 and HPV18 pro... more We studied a panel of mutant viruses containing wild-type and chimeric capsid HPV16 and HPV18 proteins. The mutant capsid protein expression, genome amplification, and episomal maintenance were comparable with the wild-type virus. However, the chimeric viruses varied in their titers from wild-type. We show that the intertypical mutant chimeric capsid viruses, that L2 affects the structure of L1 and that L1 affects the structure of L2 in the virion.

The cigarette smoke carcinogen benzo [a] pyrene enhances human papillomavirus synthesis

ABSTRACT Epidemiological studies suggest that cigarette smoke carcinogens are cofactors which syn... more ABSTRACT Epidemiological studies suggest that cigarette smoke carcinogens are cofactors which synergize with human papillomavirus (HPV) to increase the risk of cervical cancer progression. Benzo [a] pyrene (BaP), a major carcinogen in cigarette smoke, is detected in the cervical mucus and may interact with HPV.

Predicting Internet end-to-end delay: a multiple-model approach

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to predict the Internet end-to-end delay using mult... more Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to predict the Internet end-to-end delay using multiple-model (MM) methods. The basic idea of the MM method is to assume the system dynamics can be described by a set of models rather than a single one; by running a bank of filters (each corresponds to a certain model in the set) in parallel at the same time, the MM output is given by a combination of the estimates from these filters.

Dynamics of the reference layer driven by spin-transfer torque: Analytical versus simulation model

Abstract The magnetization orientation of the polarizing reference layer would fluctuate between ... more Abstract The magnetization orientation of the polarizing reference layer would fluctuate between the parallel and antiparallel states when the reference layer loses stability. In this paper, a combined analytical and simulation study is presented to predict the magnetic dynamics of the spin valve element with single-domain magnets as the free and reference layers.

A murine ESC-like state facilitates transgenesis and homologous recombination in human pluripotent stem cells

Murine pluripotent stem cells can exist in two functionally distinct states, LIF-dependent embryo... more Murine pluripotent stem cells can exist in two functionally distinct states, LIF-dependent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and bFGF-dependent epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). However, human pluripotent cells so far seemed to assume only an epiblast-like state. Here we demonstrate that human iPSC reprogramming in the presence of LIF yields human stem cells that display morphological, molecular, and functional properties of murine ESCs.

Genetic analysis of papillomavirus virion morphogenesis

Papillomavirus (PV) are small, nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that contain two late op... more Papillomavirus (PV) are small, nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that contain two late open reading frames (ORFs) encoding the viral major and minor capsid proteins, L1 and L2, respectively. PV comprise of a large family of viruses containing more than one hundred different human PV (HPV) types. Both HPV16 and HPV18 share similar biological and pathological activities including being mucosotropic, evolutionarily-related, and high-risk viruses.

Joint identification and tracking of multiple CBRNE clouds based on sparsity pursuit

Abstract The evolution of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) cloud... more Abstract The evolution of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) clouds depends considerably on its composition. For example, cloud tracking usually relies on a diffusion model of the average atmospheric concentration of the CBRNE material; identification of its composition can benefit greatly from knowledge about the propagation of the compounds. As a result, substance classification and cloud tracking help each other significantly.

Self-similar traffic: a new model for next generation ATM switch

Abstract This paper gives a brief introduction to self-similar process and the estimation of Hurs... more Abstract This paper gives a brief introduction to self-similar process and the estimation of Hurst parameter in the context of time series analysis. Different methods of self-similar traffic generation are compared based on a simulation study. We find that aggregating the streams of ON/OFF sources of Pareto distribution leads to self-similarity quickly as the sources become large.

Protein Kinase B Phosphorylation Correlates with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and Microvessel Density in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The signalling molecule protein kinase B (Akt) modulates many cellular processes. Phos... more OBJECTIVE: The signalling molecule protein kinase B (Akt) modulates many cellular processes. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathways play important roles in tumour angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) in angiogenesis and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in gastric adenocarcinoma.

190 Assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary heart disease using real-time contrast echocardiography and global acoustic density technique

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (... more Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (MP) for patients with coronary heart disease using global acoustic density technique (GAD) and real-time contrast echocardiography. Methods: Nineteen patients with coronary heart disease were performed contrast echocardiography using SonoVue (Bracco) intravenously. Four-chamber and twochamber view of left ventricular at apical were obtained. The MP were assessed quantitatively by GAD.

191 Clinical evaluation of SonoVue for improvement of endocardial border delineation and assessment of myocardial perfusion

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (... more Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (MP) for patients with coronary heart disease using global acoustic density technique (GAD) and real-time contrast echocardiography. Methods: Nineteen patients with coronary heart disease were performed contrast echocardiography using SonoVue (Bracco) intravenously. Four-chamber and twochamber view of left ventricular at apical were obtained. The MP were assessed quantitatively by GAD.

Human papillomavirus type 18 chimeras containing the L2/L1 capsid genes from evolutionarily diverse papillomavirus types generate infectious virus

Papillomaviruses (PVs) comprise a large family of viruses infecting nearly all vertebrate species... more Papillomaviruses (PVs) comprise a large family of viruses infecting nearly all vertebrate species, with more than 100 human PVs identified. Our previous studies showed that a mutant chimera HPV18/16 genome, consisting of the upper regulatory region and early ORFs of HPV18 and the late ORFs of HPV16, was capable of producing infectious virus in organotypic raft cultures.

Performance limits of track-to-track fusion versus centralized estimation: theory and application [sensor fusion]

Abstract Track-to-track fusion is an important part in distributed multisensor-multitarget tracki... more Abstract Track-to-track fusion is an important part in distributed multisensor-multitarget tracking. The centralized and distributed tracking configurations were studied in (H. Chen et al., Proc. of SPIE Conf. on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets, vol. 4048, 2000) using simulated air-to-air scenarios, and in (KC Chang, et al, IEEE Transact. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 1271-1276, 1997) with analytical results based on α-β filters.

$tne centralized estimate fo1ows from (il) using the centranzead Maneuvering Wdex (14). To compare the steady state filter variances between the centralized and distributed tracker, we use the above to illustrate our methodology and evaluate the relative performance as the number of sensors increases. Assuming a sampling interval T=2s, we compute each component of the covariance matrices P“* and P° and plot the relative differences between the centralized and distributed tracker in Figs. 1-3. An important observation is that the percentage difference of the mean square error (MSE) between the centralized and distributed tracker increases as the number of sensors increases. This quantifies the performance limits of the distributed estimation with trak-to-track fusion vs. centralized estimation.? The difference of the position variance is over 15% for N=4 when the target maneuvering index \ < 1. The difference of the velocity variance is around 20-25% for N=4. From the performance curves, during uniform target motion period we expect that the distributed tracker should yield about 2.5% (11%) larger RMS position error and about 2% (10%) larger RMS velocity error than the centralized one for N=2 (N=4) sensors. As the target maneuvers, the performance degradation of the distributed tracker becomes smaller in terms of RMS position error while slightly larger in terms of RMS velocity error. Figure 1: Percentage of the position variance difference between the distributed and the cen- tralized trackers versus number of sensors [(p{i§ — p{,)/p{1]-$

Semiparametric model selection with applications to regression

Abstract In this paper we consider model selection problem using samples of small or moderate siz... more Abstract In this paper we consider model selection problem using samples of small or moderate size where each model can have unknown parameter without a fully specified likelihood function. A semiparametric model selection criterion is proposed where the penalty-based model complexity term is used for the parameter with fully specified model structure and the kernel density estimation is used for the unknown noise distribution.

Comparative analysis on soil engineering classifications of China and America

Abstract: Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) a... more Abstract: Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory engineering classification methods were discussed and analyzed from the aspects of the definition in particle fraction, classification of soil type and evaluation standard for soil gradation.

Adult Cardiac Progenitor Cell Aggregates Exhibit Survival Benefit Both In Vitro and In Vivo

BackgroundA major hurdle in the use of exogenous stems cells for therapeutic regeneration of inju... more BackgroundA major hurdle in the use of exogenous stems cells for therapeutic regeneration of injured myocardium remains the poor survival of implanted cells. To date, the delivery of stem cells into myocardium has largely focused on implantation of cell suspensions.Methodology and Principal FindingsWe hypothesize that delivering progenitor cells in an aggregate form would serve to mimic the endogenous state with proper cell-cell contact, and may aid the survival of implanted cells.

1. INTRODUCTION Track-to-Track Association Using Attributes

The problem of track-to-track association-a prerequisite for the fusion of tracks-has been consid... more The problem of track-to-track association-a prerequisite for the fusion of tracks-has been considered in the literature for tracks described by kinematic states and, more recently, has been generalized to include additional (continuous valued) feature and (discrete valued) attribute variables which pertain to those tracks. These approaches allow the search for the maximum likelihood (ML) or maximum a posteriori (MAP) association. However, while for kinematic variables there is a "gating" procedure based on a Gaussian distribution-which corresponds to a Neyman-Pearson test of "common origin" (actually, "same kinematic state") with selectable power-there is no simple counterpart of this for attributes. The sufficient statistic for the optimal association test (in the Neyman-Pearson sense) based on discrete-valued target classification information observables (attributes) is derived and its relationship with the class probability vector is discussed. Based on this, "attribute gates" are presented, which allow a Neyman-Pearson test for "same class" with the desired power.

Track association and fusion with heterogeneous local trackers

Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2007

The problem of track-to-track association and track fusion has been considered in the literature ... more The problem of track-to-track association and track fusion has been considered in the literature where the local trackers assume the same target motion model and send their local state estimates to the fusion center on demand. Many issues arise when local trackers use different target motion models or even operate on different target state spaces. In this case, selecting an appropriate track association method at the fusion center is essential to the performance of the overall tracking system. In this paper, we examine several track association methods with different assumptions on the target distribution in a surveillance region. We found that the track association performance can be very different among these methods even when they have the same desired significance level of the correct association probability. We recommend to use the track association method that best approximates the likelihood ratio test with complete knowledge of the target distribution. In addition, existing track fusion techniques have to be modified to account for the model mismatch among some of the local trackers. The track association and fusion problem is illustrated by a two dimensional tracking example with both radar tracks and electronic support measures (ESM) tracks.

Multi-agent modeling and analysis for space situation awareness

Structure-property relationships in manganese oxide-mesoporous silica nanoparticles used for T< sub> 1</sub>-weighted MRI and simultaneous anti-cancer drug delivery

The extremely low longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of manganese oxide has severely impeded their subs... more The extremely low longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of manganese oxide has severely impeded their substitution for cytotoxic gadolinium-based contrast agents for safe clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we report on a synthetic strategy of chemical oxidation/reduction reaction in-situ in mesopores, followed by hydrogen reduction, for the fabrication of non-toxic manganese oxide/MSNs-based MRI-T1 contrast agents with highly comparable imaging performance to commercial Gd-based agents.

$Fig. 3. FITC-Mn-MSNs are internalized by MCF-7 cells. The MCF-7 cells were incubated with the nanoparticles (FITC-Mn-MSNs, 50 g/mL) for 6 h. After incubation, the cell nucleus were stained by DAPI (blue), and the extracellular fluorescence was quenched by trypan blue and the endocytosed particles with FITC-label (green) inside cells were detected by CLSM (a,—a3); Three-dimensional fluorescence reconstructions of nanoparticle-endocytosed MCF-7 cells (b;—b3) to demonstrate the internalization of nanoparticles within cancer cells; Three-dimensional fluorescence reconstructions of nanoparticle-endocytosized MCF-7 cells after nucleus and lysosomes double-staining (c;—c4), to demonstrate the intra- cellular location of Mn-MSNs nanoparticles (nuclei (c;): blue fluorescence of DAPI staining; lysosomes (cz): red fluorescence of Lyso-tracker red staining; Mn-MSNs (c3): green fluorescence of FITC grafting). The yellow fluorescence signal in overlay image (c4), which comes from the superposition of the red and green, suggests that some Mn-MSNs have entered lysosomes while the rests are in the cytoplasm; selected bio-TEM images of MCF-7 cells after co-incubation with Mn-MSNs nanoparticles for 24 h showing (d,) Mn-MSNs uptaken by MCF-7 cells by endocytosed process, (d2) Mn-MSNs trapping in vesicles inside the cell and (d3) endosomal escape of nanoparticles into the cytoplasm. (For inter- pretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) paramagnetic center within mesopores, EDS elemental mapping of Mn, Si and O elements in Mn-MSNs was conducted (Fig. 2a;—aq and Fig. S3). The result shows that the manganese element is homogeneously distributed in the whole mesoporous silica matrix without the accumulation at the particle surface, demonstrating the pore-confined formation and deposition of Manganese oxide nanoparticles within mesopores. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) results show that the manganese element content in Mn-MSNs is 5.94% (w/w), which could be facilely tuned by varying the initial synthetic parameters such as MnOq concentrations, reaction time and temperature. The Mn-MSNs nanoparticles exhibit small- angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) peaks at 2.5, 4.3 and 5.0° that are characteristic of (100), (110) and (200) planes of the typical Fig. 2 shows the morphology, structural and chemical char- acteristics of Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction. The Mn-MSNs exhibits spherical morphology, high dispersity and two-dimensional hexagonally ordered pore array (Fig. 2a and Figs. S1, S2 and S4). To further investigate the distribution of manganese$

$Fig. 4. In vivo MR imaging capability of Mn-MSNs after H2 reduction. A time-course (0, 5, 30, 60 min) of the signal enhancement in T;-weighted MRI of tumor (a;—ag), liver (ci—c. and kidney (d\—d4) of a tumor-bearing mouse after intravenous injection of Mn-MSNs; b;—b,: magnified images of corresponding circled area in ay—a4. To assess the effectiveness of Mn-MSNs as MRI CAs, the magnetic resonance relaxivity of the nanoparticles was measured using a clinical 3.0 T human clinical scanner. The in vitro longitu- dinal relaxation rate (1/T,) and transverse relaxation rate (1/T2) as a function of the manganese ion concentrations of Mn-MSNs before and after Hz reduction were evaluated. As shown in Fig. 2b and c, Mn-MSNs have an 1; value of 0.45 mM~!s~! and rz value of 9. mM~'s~! before the heat treatment. However, the specific relaxivity of Mn-MSNs was found to significantly increase after Hz reduction. The r; and rz values of Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction reached 2.28 and 15.9 mM~'s~!,5.1 and 1.7 times higher than their original values before Hz reduction, respectively. It can be inferred that the increased relaxivities of the Mn-MSNs after Hz reduction MCM-41-type mesoporous materials, respectively (Fig. S5a). The SAXRD results indicate that Mn-MSNs possess ordered meso- porous arrays. The wide-angle XRD patterns (WAXRD, Fig. S5b) exhibit no apparent diffraction peaks for crystallized manganese oxide nanoparticles, demonstrating the absence of large manganese oxide particles formed on the material matrix during the synthetic process. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique was employed to characterize the pore structures of Mn-MSNs after the Hz reduction, which shows that the isotherms of Mn- MSNs exhibit the typical Langmuir IV type hysteresis loop, indi- cating the presence of well-defined mesopores (Fig. S6a). In addition, Mn-MSNs are highly porous with a surface area of 665 m?/g, pore volume of 0.99 cm?/g and pore size of 2.4 nm (Fig. S6b), indicating that the mesopore system of MSNs remain open and penetrable after the deposition of manganese oxide species.$

Papillomavirus capsid proteins mutually impact structure

We studied a panel of mutant viruses containing wild-type and chimeric capsid HPV16 and HPV18 pro... more We studied a panel of mutant viruses containing wild-type and chimeric capsid HPV16 and HPV18 proteins. The mutant capsid protein expression, genome amplification, and episomal maintenance were comparable with the wild-type virus. However, the chimeric viruses varied in their titers from wild-type. We show that the intertypical mutant chimeric capsid viruses, that L2 affects the structure of L1 and that L1 affects the structure of L2 in the virion.

The cigarette smoke carcinogen benzo [a] pyrene enhances human papillomavirus synthesis

ABSTRACT Epidemiological studies suggest that cigarette smoke carcinogens are cofactors which syn... more ABSTRACT Epidemiological studies suggest that cigarette smoke carcinogens are cofactors which synergize with human papillomavirus (HPV) to increase the risk of cervical cancer progression. Benzo [a] pyrene (BaP), a major carcinogen in cigarette smoke, is detected in the cervical mucus and may interact with HPV.

Predicting Internet end-to-end delay: a multiple-model approach

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to predict the Internet end-to-end delay using mult... more Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to predict the Internet end-to-end delay using multiple-model (MM) methods. The basic idea of the MM method is to assume the system dynamics can be described by a set of models rather than a single one; by running a bank of filters (each corresponds to a certain model in the set) in parallel at the same time, the MM output is given by a combination of the estimates from these filters.

Dynamics of the reference layer driven by spin-transfer torque: Analytical versus simulation model

Abstract The magnetization orientation of the polarizing reference layer would fluctuate between ... more Abstract The magnetization orientation of the polarizing reference layer would fluctuate between the parallel and antiparallel states when the reference layer loses stability. In this paper, a combined analytical and simulation study is presented to predict the magnetic dynamics of the spin valve element with single-domain magnets as the free and reference layers.

A murine ESC-like state facilitates transgenesis and homologous recombination in human pluripotent stem cells

Murine pluripotent stem cells can exist in two functionally distinct states, LIF-dependent embryo... more Murine pluripotent stem cells can exist in two functionally distinct states, LIF-dependent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and bFGF-dependent epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs). However, human pluripotent cells so far seemed to assume only an epiblast-like state. Here we demonstrate that human iPSC reprogramming in the presence of LIF yields human stem cells that display morphological, molecular, and functional properties of murine ESCs.

Genetic analysis of papillomavirus virion morphogenesis

Papillomavirus (PV) are small, nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that contain two late op... more Papillomavirus (PV) are small, nonenveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that contain two late open reading frames (ORFs) encoding the viral major and minor capsid proteins, L1 and L2, respectively. PV comprise of a large family of viruses containing more than one hundred different human PV (HPV) types. Both HPV16 and HPV18 share similar biological and pathological activities including being mucosotropic, evolutionarily-related, and high-risk viruses.

Joint identification and tracking of multiple CBRNE clouds based on sparsity pursuit

Abstract The evolution of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) cloud... more Abstract The evolution of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) clouds depends considerably on its composition. For example, cloud tracking usually relies on a diffusion model of the average atmospheric concentration of the CBRNE material; identification of its composition can benefit greatly from knowledge about the propagation of the compounds. As a result, substance classification and cloud tracking help each other significantly.

Self-similar traffic: a new model for next generation ATM switch

Abstract This paper gives a brief introduction to self-similar process and the estimation of Hurs... more Abstract This paper gives a brief introduction to self-similar process and the estimation of Hurst parameter in the context of time series analysis. Different methods of self-similar traffic generation are compared based on a simulation study. We find that aggregating the streams of ON/OFF sources of Pareto distribution leads to self-similarity quickly as the sources become large.

Protein Kinase B Phosphorylation Correlates with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and Microvessel Density in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The signalling molecule protein kinase B (Akt) modulates many cellular processes. Phos... more OBJECTIVE: The signalling molecule protein kinase B (Akt) modulates many cellular processes. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathways play important roles in tumour angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the role of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) in angiogenesis and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in gastric adenocarcinoma.

190 Assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary heart disease using real-time contrast echocardiography and global acoustic density technique

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (... more Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (MP) for patients with coronary heart disease using global acoustic density technique (GAD) and real-time contrast echocardiography. Methods: Nineteen patients with coronary heart disease were performed contrast echocardiography using SonoVue (Bracco) intravenously. Four-chamber and twochamber view of left ventricular at apical were obtained. The MP were assessed quantitatively by GAD.

191 Clinical evaluation of SonoVue for improvement of endocardial border delineation and assessment of myocardial perfusion

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (... more Objective: To investigate the clinical value of quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion (MP) for patients with coronary heart disease using global acoustic density technique (GAD) and real-time contrast echocardiography. Methods: Nineteen patients with coronary heart disease were performed contrast echocardiography using SonoVue (Bracco) intravenously. Four-chamber and twochamber view of left ventricular at apical were obtained. The MP were assessed quantitatively by GAD.

Human papillomavirus type 18 chimeras containing the L2/L1 capsid genes from evolutionarily diverse papillomavirus types generate infectious virus

Papillomaviruses (PVs) comprise a large family of viruses infecting nearly all vertebrate species... more Papillomaviruses (PVs) comprise a large family of viruses infecting nearly all vertebrate species, with more than 100 human PVs identified. Our previous studies showed that a mutant chimera HPV18/16 genome, consisting of the upper regulatory region and early ORFs of HPV18 and the late ORFs of HPV16, was capable of producing infectious virus in organotypic raft cultures.

Performance limits of track-to-track fusion versus centralized estimation: theory and application [sensor fusion]

Abstract Track-to-track fusion is an important part in distributed multisensor-multitarget tracki... more Abstract Track-to-track fusion is an important part in distributed multisensor-multitarget tracking. The centralized and distributed tracking configurations were studied in (H. Chen et al., Proc. of SPIE Conf. on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets, vol. 4048, 2000) using simulated air-to-air scenarios, and in (KC Chang, et al, IEEE Transact. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 1271-1276, 1997) with analytical results based on α-β filters.

$tne centralized estimate fo1ows from (il) using the centranzead Maneuvering Wdex (14). To compare the steady state filter variances between the centralized and distributed tracker, we use the above to illustrate our methodology and evaluate the relative performance as the number of sensors increases. Assuming a sampling interval T=2s, we compute each component of the covariance matrices P“* and P° and plot the relative differences between the centralized and distributed tracker in Figs. 1-3. An important observation is that the percentage difference of the mean square error (MSE) between the centralized and distributed tracker increases as the number of sensors increases. This quantifies the performance limits of the distributed estimation with trak-to-track fusion vs. centralized estimation.? The difference of the position variance is over 15% for N=4 when the target maneuvering index \ < 1. The difference of the velocity variance is around 20-25% for N=4. From the performance curves, during uniform target motion period we expect that the distributed tracker should yield about 2.5% (11%) larger RMS position error and about 2% (10%) larger RMS velocity error than the centralized one for N=2 (N=4) sensors. As the target maneuvers, the performance degradation of the distributed tracker becomes smaller in terms of RMS position error while slightly larger in terms of RMS velocity error. Figure 1: Percentage of the position variance difference between the distributed and the cen- tralized trackers versus number of sensors [(p{i§ — p{,)/p{1]-$

Semiparametric model selection with applications to regression

Abstract In this paper we consider model selection problem using samples of small or moderate siz... more Abstract In this paper we consider model selection problem using samples of small or moderate size where each model can have unknown parameter without a fully specified likelihood function. A semiparametric model selection criterion is proposed where the penalty-based model complexity term is used for the parameter with fully specified model structure and the kernel density estimation is used for the unknown noise distribution.

Comparative analysis on soil engineering classifications of China and America

Abstract: Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) a... more Abstract: Based on China National Standard of Soil Engineering Classification (GB/T 50145-2007) and the Unified Soil Classification System of American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM D-2478), two kinds of soil laboratory engineering classification methods were discussed and analyzed from the aspects of the definition in particle fraction, classification of soil type and evaluation standard for soil gradation.

Adult Cardiac Progenitor Cell Aggregates Exhibit Survival Benefit Both In Vitro and In Vivo

BackgroundA major hurdle in the use of exogenous stems cells for therapeutic regeneration of inju... more BackgroundA major hurdle in the use of exogenous stems cells for therapeutic regeneration of injured myocardium remains the poor survival of implanted cells. To date, the delivery of stem cells into myocardium has largely focused on implantation of cell suspensions.Methodology and Principal FindingsWe hypothesize that delivering progenitor cells in an aggregate form would serve to mimic the endogenous state with proper cell-cell contact, and may aid the survival of implanted cells.