Journal of contemporary research in social sciences, 2019
The objective of this paper is to examine the socioeconomic cost of insecurity on the populace in... more The objective of this paper is to examine the socioeconomic cost of insecurity on the populace in general and the nation's economy in particular. This is because insecurity and its various multifaceted manifestations like bombings, kidnapping/hostage taking, destruction of life and property, creation of fear among others has become a hydra headed monster which security agents in Nigeria appear incapable of addressing. The study revealed that the insecurity challenge is detrimental to general well being of the people with its resultant effects in the area low quality of life, population displacement and even death, the destruction of business, properties and equipments, relocation and closing down of businesses. The study suggests that the Nigerian government and her security agencies should be pro-active in their responses, improve their intelligence gathering techniques and create more employment opportunities for the unemployed and equip and motivate her security forces better. The grievance theory will serve as our framework of analysis while documentary methods of analysis and content analysis will be used to generate and analyze data.
Journal of security studies and global politics, Dec 15, 2017
A little attention has been paid to one of the most critical relationship between civil servants ... more A little attention has been paid to one of the most critical relationship between civil servants and politicians in Nigeria. To a certain extent, the neat distinctions of the politicians and civil servants were always more theoretical than real. However, modern government has had a way of eroding whatever truth, there was to this distinction. In modern government, implementation failures are often the biggest and most significant political problems a government will face. No wonder we are left asking ourselves three critical questions: Where does policy stop and implementation begins? What is the responsibility of the civil servant to the political appointee and vice-versa? In addition, who should be held accountable?. The paper examined the institutional interface of politics and administration in the Nigerian Local Government System. Secondary data were collected mainly from relevant textbooks, official documents of various ministries, reports and proceedings papers. These conflicts emanate from several sources ranging from political instability, poor financial base, and unlawful demand for an increase in wages, mismanagement of revenue allocations by the elected or appointed politicians who managed the socioeconomic and political programs of the rural populace. Then, with the existence of these conflict situations, the managers of the system are expected to have sound conflict management strategies. The inability of government bureaucracy to deliver the much-needed services to the citizens and the resultant decline in the standard of living of the people may be held by the same as a conclusive evidence of a failed Nigerian state.
Journal of security studies and global politics, Jun 15, 2017
The objective of the paper is to explore the factors contributing to the conflicts between the Le... more The objective of the paper is to explore the factors contributing to the conflicts between the Legislature and Executive branches using Nigeria as a case between1999-2015. This is because Nigerians across social strata lament over the huge cost of this conflict in the polity. Throughout the history of the Nigerian Government, public officials, political practitioners, journalists, scholars, and other observers have commented on legislative-executive relations, their variation, and their underlying causes and consequences. A wide variety of viewpoints has been expressed, about both conflict and cooperation, whether one or the other dominates, and whether benefits or liabilities result from either. Some, for instance, see conflict between the executive and legislature as a necessary and beneficial precondition to limiting and controlling government. Yet others view it as contributing to gridlock over major public policy decisions, thus, making government ineffective. This paper is part of the debate. The data for this study were generated from Focus Group Discussion and documentary sources. Information generated was analyzed using tables and the technique of content analysis. Conclusions arrived after analyses include budgetary and constituency project issues are the major casual factors.
Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and ... more Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and largely impotent panels to determine their causes with a view of preventing future occurrence when conflicts have not occurred, or have somehow abated; associated tensions have remained high, with all the attendant negative consequences on the socio-political and economic development in the country. Under the current democratic epoch, competitive partisan political activities are being used as avenue through which groups are mobilized, identities rigidly reinforced, often infused with excessive religiosity, violent youth gangs and militants are formed and armed, and ethnic tensions and conflicts thereby facilitated. This is not to say that expressions of ethno-religious identities always results in violence. The paper conceptualizes ethno-religious identities and analyzes the causes, extent, magnitude and implications before narrowing down to specifies. The paper concludes by suggesting how to curb ethno-religious problems in Nigeria in order to promote good governance.
Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the... more Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the higher cadre of the country's civil service. Under military regime the civil service had, for the best part, combined political and bureaucratic roles. The return to a ...
Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies, 2015
The objective of this paper is to critically review the recently concluded 2015 general elections... more The objective of this paper is to critically review the recently concluded 2015 general elections in the country and to assess how women who contested in elective positions fared. This is because Women participation in politics in Nigeria is a thing of concern to development experts and gender activists who have continuously advocate their active participation to help address their continuous low record of representation. The result of the just concluded 2015 elections in the country has however, not shown improved women representation in elective positions in the country. This came in spite of the 35 percent affirmative action and the huge campaign of the Women for Change Initiatives aimed at providing a soft landing for women in the elections. It surveys in retrospect activities of women in the pre and post-2015 politics in Nigeria using questionnaire and interviews to source information. The results suggest that women do not often receive the support and mentoring they need to compete with their male counterparts in politics. The study concludes by positing that voters do not fully appreciate the benefits of having a mix of men and Women in government, often saying that women are over-ambitious when they aim for any position higher than a seat in the Senate. It also offers recommendations towards solving the identified traditional and social factors that inhibit women from political office.
International journal of social science and human research, Feb 16, 2023
This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our n... more This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our national life between/among states, social and ethnic/religious groups in light of the recent appointments made by the Buhari administration on diversity in Nigeria. This is due to the fact that people who have been excluded have continued to worry over President Muhammadu Buhari's previous nominations. It is an established fact that good governance is characterized by transparency, responsiveness, participation, the rule of law, equity, and accountability. Its fundamental beliefs consist of accommodating and tolerating the various viewpoints of political opponents through intentional inclusion in the political affairs of one's country. Since the inception of democratic dispensation in 1999, governance in Nigeria has always been based on politics of exclusion, both in terms of the opinions of individuals whose contributions are necessary for the development of the country and in terms of the political appointments of individuals from specific areas/sections. These leaders who have attained State authority, control State resources and begin to decide "who gets what, when, and how" in the political system with little or no regard for the country's overall cohesion and progress. The data in this study were analyzed using a qualitative, descriptive technique. Using elite theory, the paper discovered that unless our leaders eschew ethnic, religious, and partisan politics in governance, the clamour for disintegration and crises caused by these ethnic groups will continue to incite unnecessary distractions that will lead to disunity and underdevelopment in Nigeria.
Kuwait chapter of Arabian Journal of Business & Management Review, 2015
The objective of this study is twofold: to explore the legal framework for the fight against corr... more The objective of this study is twofold: to explore the legal framework for the fight against corruption in Nigeria, and to offer some reform measures for the reduction of corruption in the polity. It is hopeful that the public sector will become more efficient and effective if the recommendations delineated in this analysis are implemented. This is because with a number of empirical studies and theoretical policy debates linking corruption to a series of accountability failures, which lead to socioeconomic cum political pathologies, especially, poverty and underdevelopment, transparency and accountability based on this prognosis, are prescribed as palliatives for political corruption, and developmental failures. Framed in the development context, the argument is that accountability is a path to empowerment in terms of both answerability, and enforceability of public duty-bearers to provide information and justification about their actions, and penalties for accountability defaulting, above all, a means of repairing the 'leaky pipes' of corruption and inefficiency. Hence channeling national resources more effectively towards result oriented development initiatives. In other words, anti-corruption war was made one of the foremost features of the "effective state", and a movement for good governance, albeit the latter, not a democratic principle. Realizing that corruption is not, intrinsically a crime, until it is expressly prohibited and made punishable under the law, several anti-graft programmes which include preventive, and punitive measures have been implemented in fighting the scourge of corruption. The paper is structured into various sections. The introduction is closely followed by a literature review on the corruption, theoretical framework of analysis, the legal framework for anti-corruption and the need for government accountability. In order to accomplish the study purpose, the analysis uses an exploratory case method to give a historic synopsis of the Nigerian anti-corruption institutions. In sum, the paper concludes with some recommendations on how to increase accountability in the public sector.
Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, Oct 1, 2015
The objective of this paper is to examine the roles, prospects and challenges of technology inspi... more The objective of this paper is to examine the roles, prospects and challenges of technology inspired government will help solve administration problems in Nigeria. The Nigerian government liberation of the telecommunication sector and proliferation of smart-phones have deepened internet penetration in the polity. Added to the new impetus is the proliferation of social media sites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Google Plus, Tumblr, Instagram and Twitter among others. These platforms have their pros and cons such as using information shared on these sites to la spear phishing attacks for access to people's online banking details with a view to fleecing them. Like every new policy, there are skepticisms about its workability. Banks have therefore taken the responsibility to enlighten their customers about the policy to achieve a seamless result. The paper highlights key-points in Electronic governance and administration. The paper goes on to explore and highlight the benefits and challenges facing the new payment system and concludes by positing that the new platforms have so far streamlined the operations of both users and government in Nigeria.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in o... more This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our national life between/among states, social and ethnic/religious groups in light of the recent appointments made by the Buhari administration on diversity in Nigeria. This is due to the fact that people who have been excluded have continued to worry over President Muhammadu Buhari's previous nominations. It is an established fact that good governance is characterized by transparency, responsiveness, participation, the rule of law, equity, and accountability. Its fundamental beliefs consist of accommodating and tolerating the various viewpoints of political opponents through intentional inclusion in the political affairs of one's country. Since the inception of democratic dispensation in 1999, governance in Nigeria has always been based on politics of exclusion, both in terms of the opinions of individuals whose contributions are necessary for the development of the country and ...
Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the high... more Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the higher cadre of the country's civil service. Under military regime the civil service had, for the best part, combined political and bureaucratic roles. The return to a democratic administration implied the shedding of the role of policy articulation. Presidential Democracy equally imposes additional context for political restructuring by the civil service. These are the issues examined in this article. It analyzes the role of the Head of service in refocusing the civil service for more efficient service delivery. It also examines the implications of this refocusing and its major tenents. The article concludes by positing that the new system will create a much better career-centered environment and a potentially result-oriented civil service than we have had in the past.
Kuwait chapter of Arabian Journal of Business & Management Review, Sep 1, 2014
The paper undertook a comprehensive study of a wide range of issues involved in the protracted ch... more The paper undertook a comprehensive study of a wide range of issues involved in the protracted character of the fifty-two (52) year Ezillo-Ezza-Ezillo Communal conflict. The paper also underlined the systemic and overlapping cyclical nature of the conflict in terms of its causes. In the review of literature we tried to situate in proper perspective, by undertaking conceptual review of conflict, communal conflict and their causes. We reviewed conventional causes such as indigene-settler-problematic, socioeconomic and political resources. Extant literatures are of the view that conflict are caused by a multivariable factors. Similarly, the indeterminate and imprecise definition of who is an indigene and who is not, coupled with the mistrust, rivalries that occasion the coexistence of the two social categories are the major conflict triggers in many Nigeria communities including Ezza-Ezillo-Ezillo. This much was also elaborated in the theoretical framework for the study which was anchored on the Marxist theory of conflicts and the pluralism theory. The main thrust being that the hostile relation usually inherent in societies are driven by differences in material resources and existence of groups and subgroups. Following from our review of extant literature and analysis, we discovered that issues such as indigenship, land ownership, cultural denigration, competition for resources and measures taken by the government managing the conflicts were responsible for the conflict. In view of these unresolved issues the paper proffered plausible recommendations.
Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, Nov 1, 2014
In Nigeria the issue of party funding has for long posed a serious concern to watchers of our pol... more In Nigeria the issue of party funding has for long posed a serious concern to watchers of our political scene. In the First and Second Republics it was an issue that was hotly debated in the state parliaments and the National Assembly. It was the fear of allowing the so called 'moneybags' to put political parties in their pockets that led the regime of Ibrahim Babangida in the nineties to make government partly responsible for their funding. Under current Nigerian conditions, however, most political parties lack ideologies, not issue oriented, but are merely zero-issue alliances of notables who are able to control and, often enough, manipulate party structures, candidacies and even the general electoral process itself. Most parties are vehicles in the hands of few "political entrepreneurs" who invest huge amount of money and expect concurrent rewards on such investment in the form of public works and procurement contracts, prebendal appointments of cronies to public offices and other forms of prebendal activity. The fallout has led to mass electoral/political violence and political destabilization and disempowerment of the generality of the Nigerian electors, the exclusion of alternative parties seeking to participate in electoral politics and the absence of an effective system to regulate political finance. This paper seeks to explore the concept of political finance. It will equally attempt to concisely analyze the extant legal framework regulating political finance in Nigeria, highlights their inadequacies with a view of reforming these inadequacies for a better political finance management and best practices and proffer suggestions on the ways forward drawing freely from the instructive practices of other emerging and advanced democracies. The paper uses the People Democratic Party as a case study. For example, to pick a nomination form for the State House of Assembly, you must part with the princely sum of N1m. If you wanted to be a House of Representatives candidate, you part with N2.5 million. For the Senate, N3m. Governorship, N5m. And for the Presidency, it is N10m.
Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 2015
There is scarcely any community in Nigeria which has not been involved in boundary and communal d... more There is scarcely any community in Nigeria which has not been involved in boundary and communal disputes. Boundaries are made for human beings and should therefore be made for human convenience and not conflicts. However, boundary issues in our society today are treated as matters of life and death. Family/boundary and communal conflicts in Nigeria are as result of competition over access to land and other natural resources in different parts of the country. Most of these conflicts are unnecessary in that they can be resolved if the groups in conflict wish to find a solution. There are some traditional institutions to settle disputes and resolve conflict, but they are facing unprecedented challenges and quite new types of issue. The Ezza-Ezillo communal conflict presents these challenges and issues. Prolonged land dispute between the communities led to the loss of 150 lives in 2010 forcing the state government to sack everybody from the disputed land bringing relative peace to the area. Children between the ages of three to five and women were among the victims of the attack and the head of crimes of a police station was also killed. This study discusses the human cost of communal conflict in Ebonyi State between 2008-2010. to achieve this objective, the first and second sections of the paper addresses conceptual and theoretical issues. The next segment explores the major causes of communal conflicts by drawing inferences from order case studies. The final part offers recommendations and concludes the paper.
Journal of Policy and Development Studies, Nov 1, 2015
It is axiomatic to posit that there is a linkage between youth and national integration. This int... more It is axiomatic to posit that there is a linkage between youth and national integration. This intercourse is not only symbiotically connected; but, one depends on the other for its sustenance. Therefore, the role of youth on national development cannot be over emphasised. The wheel of development of any country lies on the shoulder of how productive and creative the youthful populations are. The youth in any society are the engine of growth and development; because, they provide the labour force for production of goods and service to take effect. And also, are the critical masses of people, whose action and inaction can develop or destroy the hegemonies/fabrics of their society. For example according to the 2006 census, the youthful population constituted over 70% of the population. So, therefore, this quantum of population is a great asset for the Nigerian state if they are harnessed and utilized in the right direction. Interestingly, the transition of society from one generation to another is critical to the formative and developmental aspiration of such society. That, is why society that prepare their youth for the sake of future aspiration will not only secure her future development; but, will prepare her next set of leaders with the challenges of national reconciliation and development. So, therefore, the role of youth on national development is sacrosanct to the whole developmental aspiration of any society. The youth are the cornerstone to societal rejuvenation. Societies are not only recreated through the youthful population, but, youth are often referring to as leaders of tomorrow. As the most active segment of any society, youths are the major determiners of peace and stability of a nation (Ozohu-Sulaiman, 2006). Conversely, the degree of disorderliness and instability in society is also determined in part by youths. Peace is a precursor of development. The absence of peace means that no meaningful development can take place. The National Youths Policy affirms that the extent of the youth's "responsible conduct and roles in society is positively correlated with the development of their country". (FGN, 2001:1
Mediterranean journal of social sciences, Dec 1, 2014
The linkage between money and polities is a powerful one with implications for democracy, especia... more The linkage between money and polities is a powerful one with implications for democracy, especially in new democracies. Political finance has been identified as a source of political corruption in several countries. Political finance laws and regulations, through which political parties and candidates for office declare their funding sources, are among the main instruments. The relationships between party financing and corruption are so significant that to ignore party funding is simply to open wide the donor for corruption. Looking into Nigerian and Kenyan political history one realizes that there is much that need to be done in this regard. This is why the financing of political life is both a necessity and a problem. The frequency with which new laws concerning campaign and party finance are enacted is testimony to the failure of many existing legal frameworks and legislations.
Journal of Policy and Development Studies, Nov 1, 2015
Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and ... more Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and largely impotent panels to determine their causes with a view of preventing future occurrence when conflicts have not occurred, or have somehow abated; associated tensions have remained high, with all the attendant negative consequences on the socio-political and economic development in the country. Under the current democratic epoch, competitive partisan political activities are being used as avenue through which groups are mobilized, identities rigidly reinforced, often infused with excessive religiosity, violent youth gangs and militants are formed and armed, and ethnic tensions and conflicts thereby facilitated. This is not to say that expressions of ethno-religious identities always results in violence. The paper conceptualizes ethno-religious identities and analyzes the causes, extent, magnitude and implications before narrowing down to specifies. The paper concludes by suggesting how to curb ethno-religious problems in Nigeria in order to promote good governance.
Review of Public Administration and Management, 2012
Arguments for and against the establishment of State Police Force have been going on for quite so... more Arguments for and against the establishment of State Police Force have been going on for quite some time now. Proponents of state police argued that this was a consistent with the principle of true federalism and decentralization of powers and that the arrangement would enable the states to effectively maintain law and order especially during emergencies. They criticized section 215(4) of the 1999 Constitution for hindering governors from the exercise of his power as Chief Security Officer of the state. Opponents of state police hinged their theses on the fear of the abuse to which State Governor may subject the police. The fears include those of harassment and intimidation of politics opponents and perpetration of electoral fraud. This paper seeks to explore the major imperatives for the establishment of State Police Force. To achieve this objective, the essay discusses the major theses the opponents and proponents of State Police Force, the limitations of their arguments. It however agrees that there is to need for reorientation; reorganization and repositioning of the Nigeria Police Force to enable it meet the requirements of public order, public safety and democratic governance.
This paper seeks to explore the major sections of the ICPC Act in order to know if can be an effe... more This paper seeks to explore the major sections of the ICPC Act in order to know if can be an effective tool in fighting corruption in the Nigerian Public Service. Nigeria today is a nation at crossroads, struggling against all forms of vices. One of the major issues that should engage the attention of the academia today is the anti-corruption war. There is therefore no gain saying the fact that all hands need to be on deck so that the anti-corruption war could be won. But perhaps what is sustaining Nigeria’s underdevelopment more than any other cause is corruption. The study adopted a qualitative approach that is concerned about understanding the individuals’ perceptions of the world of corruption and anti-corruption strategies and seeks insight rather than statistical analysis by using books, journals and oneline materials. The data from documentary sources were used to analyse corruption and one of the institutions put in place to fight corruption in Nigeria using the Independe...
Management Studies and Economic Systems, Aug 1, 2017
Corruption has become an issue of major political and economic relevance in recent years. This ha... more Corruption has become an issue of major political and economic relevance in recent years. This has led to a resurgence of interest in analyzing the phenomenon and the diverse forms that it assumes in developing politics with an expectation that democratization and economic liberation offer potential routes to dealing with the problem. Anti-corruption strategies range from institutional reforms through concerted efforts at the international, populist and local levels, but the efficiency of these approaches has not been subject to careful empirical research. This study examines these issues with reference to the politics and practicalities of anti-corruption strategies in several African societies. It is posited that although right sizing the state and political liberalization are desirable goals in many African states, they are necessary rather than sufficient conditions for the reduction of corruption. Extensive public and private sector corruption can coexist with democratic politics. Economic liberalization can also create avenues for corruption, through the sale of parastatals in dubious circumstances. For anti-corruption strategies to be effective in the continent, more attention needs to be devoted to questions of sequencing, the details of reform and its sustainability in very poor polities, political will and commitment.
Journal of contemporary research in social sciences, 2019
The objective of this paper is to examine the socioeconomic cost of insecurity on the populace in... more The objective of this paper is to examine the socioeconomic cost of insecurity on the populace in general and the nation's economy in particular. This is because insecurity and its various multifaceted manifestations like bombings, kidnapping/hostage taking, destruction of life and property, creation of fear among others has become a hydra headed monster which security agents in Nigeria appear incapable of addressing. The study revealed that the insecurity challenge is detrimental to general well being of the people with its resultant effects in the area low quality of life, population displacement and even death, the destruction of business, properties and equipments, relocation and closing down of businesses. The study suggests that the Nigerian government and her security agencies should be pro-active in their responses, improve their intelligence gathering techniques and create more employment opportunities for the unemployed and equip and motivate her security forces better. The grievance theory will serve as our framework of analysis while documentary methods of analysis and content analysis will be used to generate and analyze data.
Journal of security studies and global politics, Dec 15, 2017
A little attention has been paid to one of the most critical relationship between civil servants ... more A little attention has been paid to one of the most critical relationship between civil servants and politicians in Nigeria. To a certain extent, the neat distinctions of the politicians and civil servants were always more theoretical than real. However, modern government has had a way of eroding whatever truth, there was to this distinction. In modern government, implementation failures are often the biggest and most significant political problems a government will face. No wonder we are left asking ourselves three critical questions: Where does policy stop and implementation begins? What is the responsibility of the civil servant to the political appointee and vice-versa? In addition, who should be held accountable?. The paper examined the institutional interface of politics and administration in the Nigerian Local Government System. Secondary data were collected mainly from relevant textbooks, official documents of various ministries, reports and proceedings papers. These conflicts emanate from several sources ranging from political instability, poor financial base, and unlawful demand for an increase in wages, mismanagement of revenue allocations by the elected or appointed politicians who managed the socioeconomic and political programs of the rural populace. Then, with the existence of these conflict situations, the managers of the system are expected to have sound conflict management strategies. The inability of government bureaucracy to deliver the much-needed services to the citizens and the resultant decline in the standard of living of the people may be held by the same as a conclusive evidence of a failed Nigerian state.
Journal of security studies and global politics, Jun 15, 2017
The objective of the paper is to explore the factors contributing to the conflicts between the Le... more The objective of the paper is to explore the factors contributing to the conflicts between the Legislature and Executive branches using Nigeria as a case between1999-2015. This is because Nigerians across social strata lament over the huge cost of this conflict in the polity. Throughout the history of the Nigerian Government, public officials, political practitioners, journalists, scholars, and other observers have commented on legislative-executive relations, their variation, and their underlying causes and consequences. A wide variety of viewpoints has been expressed, about both conflict and cooperation, whether one or the other dominates, and whether benefits or liabilities result from either. Some, for instance, see conflict between the executive and legislature as a necessary and beneficial precondition to limiting and controlling government. Yet others view it as contributing to gridlock over major public policy decisions, thus, making government ineffective. This paper is part of the debate. The data for this study were generated from Focus Group Discussion and documentary sources. Information generated was analyzed using tables and the technique of content analysis. Conclusions arrived after analyses include budgetary and constituency project issues are the major casual factors.
Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and ... more Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and largely impotent panels to determine their causes with a view of preventing future occurrence when conflicts have not occurred, or have somehow abated; associated tensions have remained high, with all the attendant negative consequences on the socio-political and economic development in the country. Under the current democratic epoch, competitive partisan political activities are being used as avenue through which groups are mobilized, identities rigidly reinforced, often infused with excessive religiosity, violent youth gangs and militants are formed and armed, and ethnic tensions and conflicts thereby facilitated. This is not to say that expressions of ethno-religious identities always results in violence. The paper conceptualizes ethno-religious identities and analyzes the causes, extent, magnitude and implications before narrowing down to specifies. The paper concludes by suggesting how to curb ethno-religious problems in Nigeria in order to promote good governance.
Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the... more Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the higher cadre of the country's civil service. Under military regime the civil service had, for the best part, combined political and bureaucratic roles. The return to a ...
Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies, 2015
The objective of this paper is to critically review the recently concluded 2015 general elections... more The objective of this paper is to critically review the recently concluded 2015 general elections in the country and to assess how women who contested in elective positions fared. This is because Women participation in politics in Nigeria is a thing of concern to development experts and gender activists who have continuously advocate their active participation to help address their continuous low record of representation. The result of the just concluded 2015 elections in the country has however, not shown improved women representation in elective positions in the country. This came in spite of the 35 percent affirmative action and the huge campaign of the Women for Change Initiatives aimed at providing a soft landing for women in the elections. It surveys in retrospect activities of women in the pre and post-2015 politics in Nigeria using questionnaire and interviews to source information. The results suggest that women do not often receive the support and mentoring they need to compete with their male counterparts in politics. The study concludes by positing that voters do not fully appreciate the benefits of having a mix of men and Women in government, often saying that women are over-ambitious when they aim for any position higher than a seat in the Senate. It also offers recommendations towards solving the identified traditional and social factors that inhibit women from political office.
International journal of social science and human research, Feb 16, 2023
This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our n... more This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our national life between/among states, social and ethnic/religious groups in light of the recent appointments made by the Buhari administration on diversity in Nigeria. This is due to the fact that people who have been excluded have continued to worry over President Muhammadu Buhari's previous nominations. It is an established fact that good governance is characterized by transparency, responsiveness, participation, the rule of law, equity, and accountability. Its fundamental beliefs consist of accommodating and tolerating the various viewpoints of political opponents through intentional inclusion in the political affairs of one's country. Since the inception of democratic dispensation in 1999, governance in Nigeria has always been based on politics of exclusion, both in terms of the opinions of individuals whose contributions are necessary for the development of the country and in terms of the political appointments of individuals from specific areas/sections. These leaders who have attained State authority, control State resources and begin to decide "who gets what, when, and how" in the political system with little or no regard for the country's overall cohesion and progress. The data in this study were analyzed using a qualitative, descriptive technique. Using elite theory, the paper discovered that unless our leaders eschew ethnic, religious, and partisan politics in governance, the clamour for disintegration and crises caused by these ethnic groups will continue to incite unnecessary distractions that will lead to disunity and underdevelopment in Nigeria.
Kuwait chapter of Arabian Journal of Business & Management Review, 2015
The objective of this study is twofold: to explore the legal framework for the fight against corr... more The objective of this study is twofold: to explore the legal framework for the fight against corruption in Nigeria, and to offer some reform measures for the reduction of corruption in the polity. It is hopeful that the public sector will become more efficient and effective if the recommendations delineated in this analysis are implemented. This is because with a number of empirical studies and theoretical policy debates linking corruption to a series of accountability failures, which lead to socioeconomic cum political pathologies, especially, poverty and underdevelopment, transparency and accountability based on this prognosis, are prescribed as palliatives for political corruption, and developmental failures. Framed in the development context, the argument is that accountability is a path to empowerment in terms of both answerability, and enforceability of public duty-bearers to provide information and justification about their actions, and penalties for accountability defaulting, above all, a means of repairing the 'leaky pipes' of corruption and inefficiency. Hence channeling national resources more effectively towards result oriented development initiatives. In other words, anti-corruption war was made one of the foremost features of the "effective state", and a movement for good governance, albeit the latter, not a democratic principle. Realizing that corruption is not, intrinsically a crime, until it is expressly prohibited and made punishable under the law, several anti-graft programmes which include preventive, and punitive measures have been implemented in fighting the scourge of corruption. The paper is structured into various sections. The introduction is closely followed by a literature review on the corruption, theoretical framework of analysis, the legal framework for anti-corruption and the need for government accountability. In order to accomplish the study purpose, the analysis uses an exploratory case method to give a historic synopsis of the Nigerian anti-corruption institutions. In sum, the paper concludes with some recommendations on how to increase accountability in the public sector.
Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, Oct 1, 2015
The objective of this paper is to examine the roles, prospects and challenges of technology inspi... more The objective of this paper is to examine the roles, prospects and challenges of technology inspired government will help solve administration problems in Nigeria. The Nigerian government liberation of the telecommunication sector and proliferation of smart-phones have deepened internet penetration in the polity. Added to the new impetus is the proliferation of social media sites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Google Plus, Tumblr, Instagram and Twitter among others. These platforms have their pros and cons such as using information shared on these sites to la spear phishing attacks for access to people's online banking details with a view to fleecing them. Like every new policy, there are skepticisms about its workability. Banks have therefore taken the responsibility to enlighten their customers about the policy to achieve a seamless result. The paper highlights key-points in Electronic governance and administration. The paper goes on to explore and highlight the benefits and challenges facing the new payment system and concludes by positing that the new platforms have so far streamlined the operations of both users and government in Nigeria.
International Journal of Social Science and Human Research
This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in o... more This study's overarching purpose is to explore the challenges of imbalance and exclusion in our national life between/among states, social and ethnic/religious groups in light of the recent appointments made by the Buhari administration on diversity in Nigeria. This is due to the fact that people who have been excluded have continued to worry over President Muhammadu Buhari's previous nominations. It is an established fact that good governance is characterized by transparency, responsiveness, participation, the rule of law, equity, and accountability. Its fundamental beliefs consist of accommodating and tolerating the various viewpoints of political opponents through intentional inclusion in the political affairs of one's country. Since the inception of democratic dispensation in 1999, governance in Nigeria has always been based on politics of exclusion, both in terms of the opinions of individuals whose contributions are necessary for the development of the country and ...
Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the high... more Nigeria's second return to democratic regime in 1999 poses the problem of adjustment for the higher cadre of the country's civil service. Under military regime the civil service had, for the best part, combined political and bureaucratic roles. The return to a democratic administration implied the shedding of the role of policy articulation. Presidential Democracy equally imposes additional context for political restructuring by the civil service. These are the issues examined in this article. It analyzes the role of the Head of service in refocusing the civil service for more efficient service delivery. It also examines the implications of this refocusing and its major tenents. The article concludes by positing that the new system will create a much better career-centered environment and a potentially result-oriented civil service than we have had in the past.
Kuwait chapter of Arabian Journal of Business & Management Review, Sep 1, 2014
The paper undertook a comprehensive study of a wide range of issues involved in the protracted ch... more The paper undertook a comprehensive study of a wide range of issues involved in the protracted character of the fifty-two (52) year Ezillo-Ezza-Ezillo Communal conflict. The paper also underlined the systemic and overlapping cyclical nature of the conflict in terms of its causes. In the review of literature we tried to situate in proper perspective, by undertaking conceptual review of conflict, communal conflict and their causes. We reviewed conventional causes such as indigene-settler-problematic, socioeconomic and political resources. Extant literatures are of the view that conflict are caused by a multivariable factors. Similarly, the indeterminate and imprecise definition of who is an indigene and who is not, coupled with the mistrust, rivalries that occasion the coexistence of the two social categories are the major conflict triggers in many Nigeria communities including Ezza-Ezillo-Ezillo. This much was also elaborated in the theoretical framework for the study which was anchored on the Marxist theory of conflicts and the pluralism theory. The main thrust being that the hostile relation usually inherent in societies are driven by differences in material resources and existence of groups and subgroups. Following from our review of extant literature and analysis, we discovered that issues such as indigenship, land ownership, cultural denigration, competition for resources and measures taken by the government managing the conflicts were responsible for the conflict. In view of these unresolved issues the paper proffered plausible recommendations.
Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, Nov 1, 2014
In Nigeria the issue of party funding has for long posed a serious concern to watchers of our pol... more In Nigeria the issue of party funding has for long posed a serious concern to watchers of our political scene. In the First and Second Republics it was an issue that was hotly debated in the state parliaments and the National Assembly. It was the fear of allowing the so called 'moneybags' to put political parties in their pockets that led the regime of Ibrahim Babangida in the nineties to make government partly responsible for their funding. Under current Nigerian conditions, however, most political parties lack ideologies, not issue oriented, but are merely zero-issue alliances of notables who are able to control and, often enough, manipulate party structures, candidacies and even the general electoral process itself. Most parties are vehicles in the hands of few "political entrepreneurs" who invest huge amount of money and expect concurrent rewards on such investment in the form of public works and procurement contracts, prebendal appointments of cronies to public offices and other forms of prebendal activity. The fallout has led to mass electoral/political violence and political destabilization and disempowerment of the generality of the Nigerian electors, the exclusion of alternative parties seeking to participate in electoral politics and the absence of an effective system to regulate political finance. This paper seeks to explore the concept of political finance. It will equally attempt to concisely analyze the extant legal framework regulating political finance in Nigeria, highlights their inadequacies with a view of reforming these inadequacies for a better political finance management and best practices and proffer suggestions on the ways forward drawing freely from the instructive practices of other emerging and advanced democracies. The paper uses the People Democratic Party as a case study. For example, to pick a nomination form for the State House of Assembly, you must part with the princely sum of N1m. If you wanted to be a House of Representatives candidate, you part with N2.5 million. For the Senate, N3m. Governorship, N5m. And for the Presidency, it is N10m.
Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 2015
There is scarcely any community in Nigeria which has not been involved in boundary and communal d... more There is scarcely any community in Nigeria which has not been involved in boundary and communal disputes. Boundaries are made for human beings and should therefore be made for human convenience and not conflicts. However, boundary issues in our society today are treated as matters of life and death. Family/boundary and communal conflicts in Nigeria are as result of competition over access to land and other natural resources in different parts of the country. Most of these conflicts are unnecessary in that they can be resolved if the groups in conflict wish to find a solution. There are some traditional institutions to settle disputes and resolve conflict, but they are facing unprecedented challenges and quite new types of issue. The Ezza-Ezillo communal conflict presents these challenges and issues. Prolonged land dispute between the communities led to the loss of 150 lives in 2010 forcing the state government to sack everybody from the disputed land bringing relative peace to the area. Children between the ages of three to five and women were among the victims of the attack and the head of crimes of a police station was also killed. This study discusses the human cost of communal conflict in Ebonyi State between 2008-2010. to achieve this objective, the first and second sections of the paper addresses conceptual and theoretical issues. The next segment explores the major causes of communal conflicts by drawing inferences from order case studies. The final part offers recommendations and concludes the paper.
Journal of Policy and Development Studies, Nov 1, 2015
It is axiomatic to posit that there is a linkage between youth and national integration. This int... more It is axiomatic to posit that there is a linkage between youth and national integration. This intercourse is not only symbiotically connected; but, one depends on the other for its sustenance. Therefore, the role of youth on national development cannot be over emphasised. The wheel of development of any country lies on the shoulder of how productive and creative the youthful populations are. The youth in any society are the engine of growth and development; because, they provide the labour force for production of goods and service to take effect. And also, are the critical masses of people, whose action and inaction can develop or destroy the hegemonies/fabrics of their society. For example according to the 2006 census, the youthful population constituted over 70% of the population. So, therefore, this quantum of population is a great asset for the Nigerian state if they are harnessed and utilized in the right direction. Interestingly, the transition of society from one generation to another is critical to the formative and developmental aspiration of such society. That, is why society that prepare their youth for the sake of future aspiration will not only secure her future development; but, will prepare her next set of leaders with the challenges of national reconciliation and development. So, therefore, the role of youth on national development is sacrosanct to the whole developmental aspiration of any society. The youth are the cornerstone to societal rejuvenation. Societies are not only recreated through the youthful population, but, youth are often referring to as leaders of tomorrow. As the most active segment of any society, youths are the major determiners of peace and stability of a nation (Ozohu-Sulaiman, 2006). Conversely, the degree of disorderliness and instability in society is also determined in part by youths. Peace is a precursor of development. The absence of peace means that no meaningful development can take place. The National Youths Policy affirms that the extent of the youth's "responsible conduct and roles in society is positively correlated with the development of their country". (FGN, 2001:1
Mediterranean journal of social sciences, Dec 1, 2014
The linkage between money and polities is a powerful one with implications for democracy, especia... more The linkage between money and polities is a powerful one with implications for democracy, especially in new democracies. Political finance has been identified as a source of political corruption in several countries. Political finance laws and regulations, through which political parties and candidates for office declare their funding sources, are among the main instruments. The relationships between party financing and corruption are so significant that to ignore party funding is simply to open wide the donor for corruption. Looking into Nigerian and Kenyan political history one realizes that there is much that need to be done in this regard. This is why the financing of political life is both a necessity and a problem. The frequency with which new laws concerning campaign and party finance are enacted is testimony to the failure of many existing legal frameworks and legislations.
Journal of Policy and Development Studies, Nov 1, 2015
Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and ... more Nigeria's political history is replete with unresolved and unsettling ethno-religious fracas and largely impotent panels to determine their causes with a view of preventing future occurrence when conflicts have not occurred, or have somehow abated; associated tensions have remained high, with all the attendant negative consequences on the socio-political and economic development in the country. Under the current democratic epoch, competitive partisan political activities are being used as avenue through which groups are mobilized, identities rigidly reinforced, often infused with excessive religiosity, violent youth gangs and militants are formed and armed, and ethnic tensions and conflicts thereby facilitated. This is not to say that expressions of ethno-religious identities always results in violence. The paper conceptualizes ethno-religious identities and analyzes the causes, extent, magnitude and implications before narrowing down to specifies. The paper concludes by suggesting how to curb ethno-religious problems in Nigeria in order to promote good governance.
Review of Public Administration and Management, 2012
Arguments for and against the establishment of State Police Force have been going on for quite so... more Arguments for and against the establishment of State Police Force have been going on for quite some time now. Proponents of state police argued that this was a consistent with the principle of true federalism and decentralization of powers and that the arrangement would enable the states to effectively maintain law and order especially during emergencies. They criticized section 215(4) of the 1999 Constitution for hindering governors from the exercise of his power as Chief Security Officer of the state. Opponents of state police hinged their theses on the fear of the abuse to which State Governor may subject the police. The fears include those of harassment and intimidation of politics opponents and perpetration of electoral fraud. This paper seeks to explore the major imperatives for the establishment of State Police Force. To achieve this objective, the essay discusses the major theses the opponents and proponents of State Police Force, the limitations of their arguments. It however agrees that there is to need for reorientation; reorganization and repositioning of the Nigeria Police Force to enable it meet the requirements of public order, public safety and democratic governance.
This paper seeks to explore the major sections of the ICPC Act in order to know if can be an effe... more This paper seeks to explore the major sections of the ICPC Act in order to know if can be an effective tool in fighting corruption in the Nigerian Public Service. Nigeria today is a nation at crossroads, struggling against all forms of vices. One of the major issues that should engage the attention of the academia today is the anti-corruption war. There is therefore no gain saying the fact that all hands need to be on deck so that the anti-corruption war could be won. But perhaps what is sustaining Nigeria’s underdevelopment more than any other cause is corruption. The study adopted a qualitative approach that is concerned about understanding the individuals’ perceptions of the world of corruption and anti-corruption strategies and seeks insight rather than statistical analysis by using books, journals and oneline materials. The data from documentary sources were used to analyse corruption and one of the institutions put in place to fight corruption in Nigeria using the Independe...
Management Studies and Economic Systems, Aug 1, 2017
Corruption has become an issue of major political and economic relevance in recent years. This ha... more Corruption has become an issue of major political and economic relevance in recent years. This has led to a resurgence of interest in analyzing the phenomenon and the diverse forms that it assumes in developing politics with an expectation that democratization and economic liberation offer potential routes to dealing with the problem. Anti-corruption strategies range from institutional reforms through concerted efforts at the international, populist and local levels, but the efficiency of these approaches has not been subject to careful empirical research. This study examines these issues with reference to the politics and practicalities of anti-corruption strategies in several African societies. It is posited that although right sizing the state and political liberalization are desirable goals in many African states, they are necessary rather than sufficient conditions for the reduction of corruption. Extensive public and private sector corruption can coexist with democratic politics. Economic liberalization can also create avenues for corruption, through the sale of parastatals in dubious circumstances. For anti-corruption strategies to be effective in the continent, more attention needs to be devoted to questions of sequencing, the details of reform and its sustainability in very poor polities, political will and commitment.
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