Papers by amalia endawita
Feedback encompasses not only correcting students, but also offering them an assessment of how we... more Feedback encompasses not only correcting students, but also offering them an assessment of how well they have done, whether during a drill or after a longer language production exercise. Julian Edge suggests that we can divide mistakes into three broad categories: 'slips' (that is mistakes which students can correct themselves once the mistake has been pointed out them), 'errors' (mistakes which they cannot correct themselves – and which therefore need explanation), and 'attempts' (that is when a student tries to say something but does not yet know the correct way of saying it) (Edge 1989: Chapter 2). It is now widely accepted that there are two distinct causes for the errors which most if not all students make at various stages: Ll interference: students who learn English as a second language already have a deep knowledge of at least one other language, and where 11 and English come into contact with each other there are often confusions which provoke errors in a learner's use of English. This can be at the level of sounds: Arabic. Developmental errors: Foreign language students make the same kind of ,developmental' errors as well. This accounts for mistakes like "She is more nicer than him where the acquisition of more for comparatives is over-generalised and then mixed up with the rule that the student has learnt-that comparative adjectives are formed of an adjective +-er. Errors of this kind are part of a natural acquisition process. When second language learners make errors, they are demonstrating part of the natural process of language learning. Errors are part of the students' interlanguage, that is the version of the language which a learner has at anyone stage of development, and which is continually reshaped as he or she aims towards full mastery.
Bilingualism is complex and varies widely among individuals ability to use two languages effectiv... more Bilingualism is complex and varies widely among individuals ability to use two languages effectively. In order to understand a bilingual speaker's language ability, we need to know when they learned their languages, how proficient they are in the languages, and in what contexts (and with whom) they use the languages.Bilingual speakers may use their languages equally, but they often use particular languages in particular contexts, for particular purposes, and with particular people.
Drafts by amalia endawita
Laptops are embraced because of the technological tools they offer combined with their portabilit... more Laptops are embraced because of the technological tools they offer combined with their portability. Not only are they becoming more popular for home use, but many schools are starting to incorporate them into their classrooms as well. Several advantages exist for students using laptops, including more efficient and detailed note taking, faster writing and editing, and convenient group work and study. Laptops offer these advantages to students no matter what their grade or age. More Efficient Note Taking Taking notes by hand can be time-consuming and taxing on your hand. When students have laptops, they can type their notes directly into a document. Electronic note taking is both faster and more flexible. Digital note taking allows students to index and organize their study material automatically, quickly search for information by keyword and share notes with other students. Digital notes can be stored and backed up so they are not lost-unlike paper notes-which may become destroyed or lost. While students can take notes on a desktop computer at home, only a laptop allows them to take notes when they are in class, where they receive much of their information. Notes can then be accessed at any time or place since the laptop is portable. More Options for Writing and Editing Laptops can help students write papers more easily as well. Typing can make the writing process go faster, and the tools in word processing software make it easier for students to edit their work. By writing on laptops instead of a desktop computer, students can work at home, in the library or during work time in class. A project to give students laptops in the classroom in Maine resulted in an increase in student writing achievement, according to The National Writing Project. Eighty percent of students in the project said they would rather use their laptop to do their work and were more likely to edit their work using their laptop. In addition, 75 percent said that laptops helped them to be better organized, while 70 percent said laptops helped them improve the quality of their work. Facilitates Group Work Group work is integral to student success. Students who learn how to work in a team and benefit from the strengths of other students in the group learn material in a new way. Laptops facilitate group work by allowing students to meet at any location-whether it's a library, school room or a student's home-and access all the materials they may need, including classroom notes, journal articles, online research or software for creating videos, slide shows or other items they may need for presentations. Wherever students have access to the Internet, they can also easily share files with one another.
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Papers by amalia endawita
Drafts by amalia endawita